经枕下乙状窦后锁孔入路治疗听神经瘤的临床体会

目的 总结经枕下乙状窦后锁孔入路切除听神经瘤的手术经验. 方法 采用经枕下乙状窦后锁孔入路对38例听神经瘤进行切除手术.距乙状窦后缘内侧1.5 cm做一小直切口,形成直径2.5～3.0 cm大小骨窗,术毕骨瓣复位固定. 结果本组听神经瘤全切33例,次全切5例;35例面神经解剖保留,2例听力保留;无死亡病例,脑脊液漏1例,术中无一例输血,无皮下积液.结论 经枕下乙状窦后锁孔入路可提供足够的手术空间进行听神经瘤切除,明显减少了医源性损伤,切口愈合好,具备微创性、安全性和有效性.     

吗啡的呼吸抑制作用与中枢胆碱能系统的关系

本文以兔呼吸频率、通气量和血气作为指标,观察到iv吗啡0.5～4.0mg/kg产生剂量依赖性呼吸抑制。icv匹鲁卡品2.5mg/kg能完全逆转这一抑制效应。icv 4—氨基吡啶(4—AP),1.5μg/kg兴奋呼吸,并使吗啡量效曲线右移。用利血平耗竭儿茶酚胺后,吗啡仍能抑制呼吸,4—AP可消除之。表明吗啡抑制呼吸与中枢胆碱能系统有关,且可能系它抑制Ach释放所致。     

玻璃体视网膜界面疾病

玻璃体视网膜交界面的状态与许多临床疾病有紧密联系；诱导完全性的玻璃体后脱离对许多疾病的发生、治疗以及预后起重要作用，可以减少玻璃体切割手术中对视网膜的损伤。本研究就玻璃体视网膜疾病以及诱导完全性玻璃体后脱离的方法做一综述。     

国内丙型肝炎病毒感染与肝细胞癌关系的19个病例对照研究的 Meta 分析

本文对国内１９个有关丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染与肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）关系的病例对照研究进行Ｍｅｔａ分析。经齐性检验表明，１９个研究中有１７个研究结果是一致的。对此１７个研究结果加权合并，累积ＨＣＣ病例１５７７例，ＨＣＶ感染率为２３．０％，累积对照１９８０例，ＨＣＶ感染率为４．０％；合并ＯＲ值为６．７。结果表明，国内ＨＣＶ感染与ＨＣＣ关系密切，ＨＣＶ感染是ＨＣＣ发生的一个危险因素。     

高脂血症患者C—反应蛋白含量的变化及氟伐他汀对它的影响

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of C-reactive protein (CRP) level and its relationship with blood lipids, and the effects of fluvastatin on CRP and the lipids in patients with hyperlipidemia. METHODS: Serum levels of cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] were measured by enzyme assay, and plasma CRP level by immunonephelometry before and after fluvastatin treatment (20 mg/d for 4 weeks) in patients with hyperlipidemia. RESULTS: CRP levels were above normal in 90.3% hyperlipidemia cases in spite of the various accompanying diseases. Fluvastatin treatment significantly reduced TC (-7.49%), TG (-14.32%), LDL (-13.88%), VLDL (-18.48%) and TC/HDL(-13.50%) levels (P<0.01), and also brought down Lp(a) concentration (-13.81%). CRP levels was very effectively reduced after the treatment (-15.92%, P<0.001). No association between basal CRP levels and basal lipids and Lp(a) concentrations was observed. Positive correlation of CRP, however, was observed after fluvastatin treatment with TC/HDL (r=0.62, P=0.041) and Lp(a) (r=0.320, P=0.011), while inverse relations were noted between CRP and HDL (r=-0.288, P=0.023). CONCLUSION: CRP levels increases markedly in patients with hyperlipidemia, a fact that is independent of the accompanying diseases. In addition to modulating blood lipid levels, fluvastatin also reduces CRP level, the latter possibly serving as an independent predictive factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and also as an indicator for estimating the effectiveness of the treatment.     

利培酮对氯氮平血浓度影响的研究

目的　了解利培酮对氯氮平血浓度的影响及二药合用的疗效与不良反应。方法　对 5 0例原服用氯氮平治疗的难治性精神分裂症患者合并利培酮治疗 ,分别于合并治疗前及后 1月、2月、3月测定氯氮平血浓度 ,同时评定PANSS ,TESS量表。结果　合用利培酮后 ,氯氮平血浓度无明显升高 ,PANSS评分明显降低(P <0 .0 1) ,TESS评分有所增加。结论　利培酮对氯氮平血浓度无明显影响 ,二药合用能增加疗效 ,不良反应有所增加。     

“90增血剂”对特发性血小板减少性紫裥患者的T细胞亚群的作用

作者根据现代免疫学观点,自1989年起采用自制中药“90增血剂”治疗ITP46例。期间,应用间接免疫荧光技术检测了患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群,结果表明病例组全T细胞(CD_3)、T辅助/诱导细胞(CD_4)降低,T抑制/细胞毒细胞(CD_8)增高,CD_4/CD_8比值明显降低。治疗后,患者T亚群恢复常态,血小板数上升,骨髓产板型巨核细胞数增加,临床总有效率达91.2%,明显优于激素组(71.4%)。提示中药具有显著的疗效和良好的免疫调节作用。同时,动态观察ITP患者T细胞亚群的变化,对帮助临床判断治疗反应和预后有很大意义。     

Preparation and characterization of porous beta-tricalcium phosphate/collagen composites with an integrated structure

Porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP)/collagen composites with different beta-TCP/collagen weight ratio were prepared. The influences of the preparation conditions on the microstructure of porous composite and the joint status of beta-TCP particles with collagen fibrils were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed: (1) an acid treatment could effectively disassemble collagen fibrils; (2) in the resulting porous composites, beta-TCP particles homogenously existed on the skeleton of the collagen fibril network and bonded tightly to both the fibrils and themselves. The tight bonding formation could be due to the reaction between Ca ions in the particles and carboxyl groups in collagen polypeptide chains and due to the reprecipitation of partially dissolved beta-TCP during synthesis. The tight bonding between beta-TCP particles and collagen fibrils in the composites demonstrated an integrated structure, which was reproducible when beta-TCP/collagen ratio ranged from 2 to 4. Such integrated structure would make significant contributions in reliably tailoring properties of the porous composites by varying beta-TCP content. In addition, the porous composites had large porosity (approximately 95%) and appropriate pore size (approximately 100 microm), showed no negative impact in cytotoxicity assay and complete bone tissue regeneration after 12 weeks in animal test.