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排序方式: 共有4670条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Swetlana Gautam Priyanka Singh Manjari Singh Subhadeep Roy Jitendra K. Rawat Rajnish K. Yadav Uma Devi Pushpraj S. Gupta Shubhini A. Saraf Gaurav Kaithwas 《RSC advances》2018,8(7):3512
The present study was proposed to investigate the effect of rifaximin (RFX) on methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. Animals were randomized and divided among four groups of six animals each. Group I (control 0.9% normal saline, 3 ml kg−1, p.o.); Group II (toxic control, MNU 47 mg kg−1, i.v.); Group III (RFX, 25 mg kg−1, p.o.); Group IV (RFX, 50 mg kg−1, p.o.). Toxicity was induced by single i.v. injection of MNU. MNU treatment was evident with increased alveolar bud count, differentiation score, up-regulated inflammatory enzyme markers (COX, LOX, NO and H2S) and oxidative stress markers (TBAR''s, protein carbonyl, SOD, catalase and Ach). The mammary gland surface architecture was studied using SEM, carmine staining and H&E staining. The treatment with RFX elicited noticeable restoration of the overall histological architecture in the experimental animals similar to the control. In the MNU treated toxic group, the levels of oxidative stress markers significantly increased in comparison to the control, which was subsequently restored after RFX treatment. Furthermore, RFX up regulated the levels of caspase 3 and caspase 8, when compared to the MNU treated animals. MNU associated toxicity was also ascertained, when determined for UCHL-1, COX, NF-κBp65, BAD, and BCL-xl expression, while RFX demonstrated modulation of the same.The present study was proposed to investigate the effect of rifaximin (RFX) on methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. 相似文献
92.
Monica Sethi Clark G. Owyang Chad Meyers Ram Parekh Kaushal H. Shah Alex F. Manini 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2018,36(4):625-629
Objective
Balanced resuscitative fluids (BF) have been associated with decreased incidence of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis in sepsis. We hypothesized that higher proportions of BF during resuscitation would thus be associated with improved mortality in Emergency Department (ED) patients with sepsis.Methods
This was a retrospective chart review of adult ED patients who presented with sepsis to a large, urban teaching hospital over one year. The choice of resuscitation fluid in the first 2 days of hospitalization was defined as either normal saline (NS) or balanced fluids (BF; Lactated Ringer's or Isolyte). The primary study outcome was in-hospital mortality, which was analyzed with multivariable logistic regression based on the proportion of BF received during the initial ED resuscitation.Results
Of 149 patients screened, 33 were excluded, leaving 115 for analysis, of whom 18 died (16% overall mortality). Sixty-one (53%) patients received BF and NS, 6 (5%) patients received BF exclusively, while 48 (42%) patients received NS only. The mean number of liters administered was 5.4, and the mean percentage of BF administered was 29%. In univariate analysis, a higher proportion of BF was associated with lower odds of mortality (OR 0.973 [95% CI 0.961–0.986], p = 0.00003). This association held true in multivariable models controlling for comorbidities and admission lactate level.Conclusions
We found that the proportion of BF during the initial ED resuscitation in septic patients was associated with a significant reduction in mortality. This association provides the necessary rationale for future randomized clinical trials of BF resuscitation in sepsis. 相似文献93.
Maryellen Potts Kathleen B. Cartmell Lynne Nemeth Gautam Bhattacharjee Suparna Qanungo 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2018,55(5):1382-1397.e7
Context
To meet the growing need for palliative care in low-resource countries, palliative care programs should be evidence based and contextually appropriate. This study was conducted to synthesize the current evidence to guide future programmatic and research efforts.Objectives
This systematic review evaluated palliative care outcome measures, outcomes, and interventions in low-resource countries.Methods
After title searches, abstracts and full-text articles were screened for inclusion. Data were extracted to report on intervention models, outcome measures used, and intervention outcomes.Results
Eighteen papers were reviewed, reporting on interventions conducted across nine low-resource countries. These interventions evaluated home-based palliative care models; a community-managed model; palliative care integrated with hospitals, hospices, or HIV clinics; and models focused on patients' self-management. Three studies were randomized controlled trials. Other studies used nonrandomized trials, cohort studies, mixed methods, pre-post test evaluation, cost-accounting evaluation, and cross-sectional surveys. Thirteen studies measured physical outcomes, 10 using multidimensional instruments. Nine studies measured psychological outcomes, eight using multidimensional instruments. Nine studies measured social outcomes, seven using multidimensional instruments. Nine studies measured outcomes across multiple domains. Across outcomes evaluated, results were reported in the direction of benefit associated with palliative care interventions.Conclusion
Many palliative care intervention models exist to serve patients in low-resource countries. Yet, limited high-quality evidence from low-resource countries is available to document intervention outcomes. Rigorous experimental studies and greater measurement of multidimensional aspects of palliative care are needed to advance the science of palliative care in low-resource settings. 相似文献94.
95.
96.
Suneet Kaur Gautam Srivastava Amar Nath Sharma Ravinder S Jolly 《British journal of pharmacology》2015,172(9):2286-2299
Background and Purpose
Recently, we have described the use of caerulomycin A (CaeA) as a potent novel immunosuppressive agent. Immunosuppressive drugs are crucial for long-term graft survival following organ transplantation and treatment of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, hypersensitivity to allergens, etc. The objective of this study was to identify cellular targets of CaeA and decipher its mechanism of action.Experimental Approach
Jurkat cells were treated with CaeA and cellular iron content, iron uptake/release, DNA content and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pool determined. Activation of MAPKs; expression level of transferrin receptor 1, ferritin and cell cycle control molecules; reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell viability were measured using Western blotting, qRT-PCR or flow cytometry.Key Results
CaeA caused intracellular iron depletion by reducing its uptake and increasing its release by cells. CaeA caused cell cycle arrest by (i) inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme, which catalyses the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of DNA; (ii) stimulating MAPKs signalling transduction pathways that play an important role in cell growth, proliferation and differentiation; and (iii) by targeting cell cycle control molecules such as cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and p21CIP1/WAF1. The effect of CaeA on cell proliferation was reversible.Conclusions and Implications
CaeA exerts its immunosuppressive effect by targeting iron. The effect is reversible, which makes CaeA an attractive candidate for development as a potent immunosuppressive drug, but also indicates that iron chelation can be used as a rationale approach to selectively suppress the immune system, because compared with normal cells, rapidly proliferating cells require a higher utilization of iron. 相似文献97.
Mitchell W. Pesesky Tahir Hussain Meghan Wallace Bin Wang Saadia Andleeb Carey-Ann D. Burnham Gautam Dantas 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(6):1034-1037
To characterize the genomic context of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), we sequenced 78 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from Pakistan and the United States encoding KPC, NDM-1, or no carbapenemase. High similarities of the results indicate rapid spread of carbapenem resistance between strains, including globally disseminated pathogens. 相似文献
98.
99.
Sharma Gautam Ghati Nirmal Doshi Shrenik Sharma Shruti Sharique Mohd Agarwal Aman Devagourou Velayoudam Hote Milind Padmakar Choudhary Shiv Kumar 《Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology》2022,64(3):621-628
Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology - Late-onset atrial fibrillation (LOAF) after valve surgery for degenerative mitral valve disease often with underlying mitral valve prolapse is... 相似文献
100.
Gagan Kaur Patrick Baghdasaryan Balaji Natarajan Prabhdeep Sethi Ashis Mukherjee Padmini Varadarajan Ramdas G. Pai 《The International journal of angiology》2021,30(1):15
Coronary no-reflow phenomenon is a lethal mechanism of ongoing myocardial injury, following successful revascularization of an infarct-related coronary artery. Incidence of this phenomenon is high following percutaneous intervention, and is associated with adverse in-hospital and long-term outcomes. Several mechanisms such as ischemia-reperfusion injury and distal microthromboembolism in genetically susceptible patients and those with preexisting endothelial dysfunction have been implicated. However, the exact mechanism in humans is still poorly understood. Several investigative and treatment strategies within and outside the cardiac catheterization laboratory have been proposed, but have not uniformly shown success in reducing mortality or in preventing adverse left ventricular remodeling resulting from this condition. The aim of this article is to provide a brief and concise review of the current understanding of the pathophysiology, clinical predictors, and investigations and management of coronary no-reflow phenomenon. 相似文献