Background: Patients with bladder cancer have a high risk of suicide. This study aimed to assess how bladder cancer increases suicide risk and to identify the demographic and clinical factors associated with suicidal death among patients with bladder cancer. Methods: Literature search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Sciences and Cochrane Library databases was conducted up to April 2020 to identify eligible studies related to the incidence and risk factors of suicide after bladder cancer diagnosis. Summary multivariate-adjusted risk estimates and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using inverse variance method with random or fixed-effect modeling. Results: Five retrospective cohorts comprising 563,680 patients with bladder cancer were included. Higher risk of suicide by 1.90-fold was observed among patients with bladder cancer (hazard ratio, HR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.29–2.81; P = 0.001; I2 = 81.2%), especially in those aged 70 years or older (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.29–1.43; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%), unmarried (HR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.61–1.83; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%), and those with regional bladder cancer (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.10–3.21; P = 0.021; I2 = 96.3%), compared with those without bladder cancer. Furthermore, gender and race were not associated with increased suicide risk among patients with bladder cancer. Conclusions: Suicide risk is increased among patients with bladder cancer, particularly those aged 70 years or older, unmarried and those with regional bladder cancer. Hence, early psychological support must be provided during the follow-up period of these special populations with a high suicide risk. 相似文献
The effects of potassium bromate (KBrO3), sodium bromate (NaBrO3), and potassium bromide (KBr) on the sexual reproduction of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were studied by 2-d population growth, 4-d sexual reproduction, and 7-d resting egg production tests. The results showed that low concentrations of bromate promote 2-d and 4-d rotifer population growth, while high concentrations limit it. Bromate stress significantly affected parameters of rotifer sexual reproduction, including the ratio of mictic to amictic females, the mictic rate of rotifers, and the fertilization rate of mictic females. KBrO3 at 0.001, 0.01, 1, and 10 mg/L, NaBrO3 at 1 and 10 mg/L, and KBr at 100 and 200 mg/L significantly increased resting egg production, while KBrO3 at 100 and 200 mg/L, and NaBrO3 at 200 mg/L significantly decreased it. Resting egg production appears to provide a sensitive endpoint in evaluating the effect of bromate on rotifer sexual reproduction.
Sexuality and Disability - Every individual should have equal access to sexuality-related information and services. Regrettably, societal stigma revolves around the sexuality of youth with... 相似文献
We have investigated the transport of ranitidine and ondansetron across the Caco-2 cell monolayers. The apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were unchanged throughout the concentration range studied, indicating a passive diffusion pathway across intestinal mucosa. No metabolism was observed for ranitidine and ondansetron during the incubation with Caco-2 cell monolayers. Papp values for ranitidine and ondansetron (bioavailability of 50 and 100% in humans, respectively) were 1.03 ± 0.17 × 10–7 and 1.83 ± 0.055 × 10–5 cm/sec, respectively. The Papp value for ranitidine was increased by 15- to 20-fold in a calcium-free medium or in the transport medium containing EDTA, whereas no significant change occurred with ondansetron, indicating that paracellular passive diffusion is not rate determining for ondansetron. Uptake of ondansetron by Caco-2 cell monolayers was 20- and 5-fold higher than that of ranitidine when the uptake study was carried out under sink conditions and at steady state. These results suggest that ranitidine and ondansetron are transported across Caco-2 cell monolayers predominantly via paracellular and transcellular pathways, respectively. 相似文献