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Giacobbe Chiara Raimo Simona Cropano Maria Santangelo Gabriella 《Brain imaging and behavior》2022,16(5):2353-2374
Brain Imaging and Behavior - The neural correlates of action language processing are still debated within embodied cognition research and little is known about the flexible involvement of... 相似文献
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Clinical efficacy of coronally advanced flap with or without connective tissue graft for the treatment of multiple adjacent gingival recessions in the aesthetic area: a randomized controlled clinical trial
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Martina Gandola Alessio Toraldo Paola Invernizzi Laura Corrado Maurizio Sberna Ignazio Santilli Gabriella Bottini Eraldo Paulesu 《Neuropsychologia》2013
Neglect patients' performance during cancellation tasks is characterized by left sided omissions and, in many cases, by the production of inappropriate material of various kinds in the ipsilesional space, e.g. additional marks over already cancelled targets, marks drawn away from targets, scribbles, irrelevant drawings. It is unclear whether these behaviours, which have collectively been called perseverative, are functionally and anatomically connected and whether they correlate with the severity of neglect. Here we report a retrospective study on 33 right brain damaged patients with neglect after right hemisphere lesions in whom we measured the intensity of perseveration of the three following kinds: (1) ‘additional marks' (AM) perseveration where patients cancelled a target with two or more well separated marks; (2) ‘scribble’ perseveration, where patients, instead of cancelling the target with a single pen stroke as required by the task, performed multiple pen strokes without breaking the pen-to-paper contact, with the final product being a scribble; (3) ‘flying marks’ (FM) perseveration where patients produced cancellation marks well away from the targets. We found that AM and FM perseveration correlated with neglect severity, while ‘scribble’ perseveration did not. The lesion-symptom mapping showed three separate anatomical areas in the right hemisphere: ‘scribble’ perseveration was associated with lesions of the orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus; AM perseveration was associated with damage to the rolandic operculum, superior temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus; FM perseveration was associated with damage to the dorsal premotor cortex and the temporal pole. Neglect severity followed damage to a region which grossly corresponds to the sum of the regions associated with AM and FM perseveration respectively. This complex behavioural and anatomical pattern is interpreted in terms of a three-factor model, in which AM perseveration is caused by a deficit of disengagement of attention from the right side (also causing omissions), FM perseveration is caused by directional hypokinesia (also causing left-side omissions), and ‘scribble’ perseveration is the consequence of a failure to inhibit an initiated motor act, which is completely separate (both anatomically and functionally) from the disorder inducing omissions. 相似文献
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Mario Salmeri Carla Motta Silvana Mastrojeni Andrea Amodeo Carmelina Daniela Anfuso Giovanni Giurdanella Angela Morello Mario Alberghina Maria Antonietta Toscano Gabriella Lupo 《Neuroscience letters》2012
Escherichia coli K1 is the most common Gram-negative organism that causes neonatal meningitis following penetration of the blood–brain barrier. In the present study we demonstrated the involvement of cytosolic (cPLA2) and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) and the contribution of cyclooxygenase-2 products in E. coli invasion of microvascular endothelial cells. The traversal of bacteria did not determine trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and ZO-1 expression changes and was reduced by PLA2s siRNA. cPLA2 and iPLA2 enzyme activities and cPLA2 phosphorylation were stimulated after E. coli incubation and were attenuated by PLA2, PI3-K, ERK 1/2 inhibitors. Our results demonstrate the role of PKCα/ERK/MAPK signaling pathways in governing the E. coli penetration into the brain. 相似文献
98.
Annamaria Nagy Aniko Rentka Gabor Nemeth Hassan Ziad Gabriella Szücs Zoltán Szekanecz 《Ocular immunology and inflammation》2013,21(6):968-977
Purpose: Corneal involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is rare, but due to rich collagen composition cornea is especially vulnerable to connective tissue diseases. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate corneal parameters of SSc patients.Methods: The study included 32 SSc patients and 39 control subjects with no ocular symptoms or ocular surface disorders. All study participants underwent Pentacam evaluation and objective signs of dry eye disease (DED), and clinical parameters were evaluated.Results: All pachymetric values, most of the corneal front surface, corneal volume, as well as anterior chamber depth measurements were significantly lower in the SSc group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Significant negative correlation was found between corneal parameters and age on the one hand, and disease duration on the other.Conclusions: Early recognition of corneal impairment, a possible extraintestinal manifestation of SSc, should be included in the check-up of the disease in order to reduce sight-threatening complications. 相似文献
99.
Lauren M Reynolds Elif Engin Gabriella Tantillo Hew Mun Lau John W Muschamp William A Carlezon Jr Uwe Rudolph 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2012,37(11):2531-2540
Benzodiazepines such as diazepam are widely prescribed as anxiolytics and sleep aids. Continued use of benzodiazepines, however, can lead to addiction in vulnerable individuals. Here, we investigate the neural mechanisms of the behavioral effects of benzodiazepines using the intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) test, a procedure with which the reward-enhancing effects of these drugs can be measured. Benzodiazepines bind nonselectively to several different GABAA receptor subtypes. To elucidate the α subunit(s) responsible for the reward-enhancing effects of benzodiazepines, we examined mice carrying a histidine-to-arginine point mutation in the α1, α2, or α3 subunit, which renders the targeted subunit nonresponsive to diazepam, other benzodiazepines and zolpidem. In wild-type and α1-point-mutated mice, diazepam caused a dose-dependent reduction in ICSS thresholds (reflecting a reward-enhancing effect) that is comparable to the reduction observed following cocaine administration. This effect was abolished in α2- and α3-point-mutant mice, suggesting that these subunits are necessary for the reward-enhancing action of diazepam. α2 Subunits appear to be particularly important, since diazepam increased ICSS thresholds (reflecting an aversive-like effect) in α2-point-mutant animals. Zolpidem, an α1-preferring benzodiazepine-site agonist, had no reward-enhancing effects in any genotype. Our findings implicate α2 and α3 subunit containing GABAA receptors as key mediators of the reward-related effects of benzodiazepines. This finding has important implications for the development of new medications that retain the therapeutic effects of benzodiazepines but lack abuse liability. 相似文献
100.
Carmine Vitale Valeria Agosti Dario Avella Gabriella Santangelo Marianna Amboni Rosaria Rucco Paolo Barone Francesco Corato Giuseppe Sorrentino 《Neurological sciences》2012,33(6):1337-1343
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a Global Postural Rehabilitation (GPR) program on motor symptoms and gait parameters of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) by means of three-dimensional motion analysis study. Ten subjects with clinical diagnosis of PD were enrolled (study group). Age-, sex- and disease duration-matched PD patients were recruited as a control group (no treatment). Three-dimensional motion analysis was conducted by means of a stereophotogrammetric system. After basal evaluation, the study group underwent a specific rehabilitation program consisting of individual 40?min GPR daily sessions, 3?days a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Neurological status and spatiotemporal gait parameters of the two groups were evaluated at study entry (t 0), at 4?weeks (t 1, end of rehabilitation protocol) and at 8 and 12?weeks (t 2 and t 3, follow-up evaluation). At baseline evaluation, the two groups did not differ in clinical features and gait parameters. At the end of rehabilitation protocol (t 1) and at follow-up evaluation (t 2 and t 3), a significant improvement in temporal gait parameters and UPDRS scores was observed in all treated patients as compared to baseline and controls. Our preliminary findings showed that significant improvements in mobility and gait parameters of PD patients can be obtained through GPR treatment, with a parallel improvement in clinical status. Quantitative analysis of gait pattern can be considered a useful tool to assess the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions in patients affected by PD. 相似文献