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51.
Psychosocial factors at work and perceived health among agricultural meat industry workers in France
Christine Cohidon Patrick Morisseau Francis Derriennic Marcel Goldberg Ellen Imbernon 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》2009,82(7):807-818
Objective The objective of this study was to describe the perceived health status of the meat industry employees—i.e., working in the
slaughtering, cutting, and boning of large animals and poultry—and its relation to their organisational and psychosocial constraints
at work.
Methods This postal survey included all 3,000 employees of the meat industry (beef, pork and poultry) in four districts in Brittany,
France, whose companies were affiliated with the agricultural branch of the national health insurance fund. The questionnaire
asked for social and demographic data and information describing their job and the organisation of their work. The psychosocial
factors at work were described according to Karasek’s questionnaire (demand, latitude and social support at work). Perceived
health was measured with the Nottingham Health Profile perceived health indicator.
Results This study shows the high prevalence of poor health reported by the workers in this industry. This poor perceived health was
worse in women and increased regularly with age. Among the psychosocial factors studied, high quantitative and qualitative
demand at work, inadequate resources for good work and to a lesser extent, inadequate prospects for promotion appear especially
associated with poor perceived health. Other factors often associated with poor perceived health included young age at the
first job and work hours that disrupt sleep rhythms (especially for women).
Conclusion Our results show that this population of workers is especially vulnerable from the point of view of perceived physical and
psychological health and is exposed to strong physical, organisational and psychosocial constraints at work. They also demonstrate
that poor perceived health is associated with some psychosocial (such as high psychological demand and insufficient resources)
and organisational factors at work. These results, in conjunction with those from other disciplines involved in studying this
industry, may help the companies to develop preventive activities. 相似文献
52.
53.
A N Nicolaides S K Kakkos M Griffin M Sabetai S Dhanjil T Tegos D J Thomas A Giannoukas G Geroulakos N Georgiou S Francis E Ioannidou C J Doré 《European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery》2005,30(3):275-284
OBJECTIVES: This study determines the risk of ipsilateral ischaemic neurological events in relation to the degree of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and other risk factors. METHODS: Patients (n=1115) with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis greater than 50% in relation to the bulb diameter were followed up for a period of 6-84 (mean 37.1) months. Stenosis was graded using duplex, and clinical and biochemical risk factors were recorded. RESULTS: The relationship between ICA stenosis and event rate is linear when stenosis is expressed by the ECST method, but S-shaped if expressed by the NASCET method. In addition to the ECST grade of stenosis (RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.21-2.15), history of contralateral TIAs (RR 3.0; 95% CI 1.90-4.73) and creatinine in excess of 85 micromol/L (RR 2.1; 95% CI 1.23-3.65) were independent risk predictors. The combination of these three risk factors can identify a high-risk group (7.3% annual event rate and 4.3% annual stroke rate) and a low risk group (2.3% annual event rate and 0.7% annual stroke rate). CONCLUSIONS: Linearity between ECST per cent stenosis and risk makes this method for grading stenosis more amenable to risk prediction without any transformation not only in clinical practice but also when multivariable analysis is to be used. Identification of additional risk factors provides a new approach to risk stratification and should help refine the indications for carotid endarterectomy. 相似文献
54.
Isabelle Legroux-Gerot Jean Vignau Francis Collier Bernard Cortet 《Revue du Rhumatisme》2005,72(12):1256-1262
The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of bone loss related to anorexia nervosa. Earlier onset and longer duration of anorexia nervosa are associated with more severe bone loss. Osteoporosis develops in 38 to 50% of cases. Bone mineral density measurement by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is useful for assessing bone mass, and bone marker assays provide information on bone turnover. Bone loss in anorexia nervosa is probably multifactoriel. Estrogen deficiency was long felt to be the major factor. However, in contrast to postmenopausal osteoporosis, bone loss associated with anorexia nervosa is related mainly to inadequate bone formation, with only a slight increase in bone resorption. This suggests a role for nutritional factors, such as disturbances in the growth hormone-somatomedin C axis (GH/IGF-I) related to malnutrition. The best treatment strategy for correcting bone mass in patients with anorexia nervosa is not agreed on. Resumption of menstrual cycles and weight gain seem necessary but not always sufficient. Studies found no benefits with estrogen therapy, but this was usually given as estrogen–progestin contraceptives. No vast studies evaluating hormone replacement therapy have been reported. Bone formation enhancers such as IGF-I seem to provide the best results, most notably when used in combination with estrogens. This suggests that complex treatment strategies combining bone formation enhancers and bone resorption inhibitors may deserve evaluation. 相似文献
55.
56.
57.
Patrick Ambrosetti Karim Francis Dominique Weintraub Jonathan Weintraub 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(6):767-772
We performed a prospective study to analyze the functional results following elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for computed
tomography (CT)-proven diagnosis of acute diverticulitis and review the literature. Forty-three of 45 available patients (96%)
who had laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for CT-proven acute diverticulitis answered, after a mean time of 40 months, a questionnaire
exploring new abdominal symptoms, bowel function, and the patient’s own judgement of the surgical outcome. Surgical technique
aimed at removing all the sigmoid by taking down the splenic flexure and do a colorectal anastomosis. Four patients (9%) complained
of new abdominal pain. Bowel function was reported as better for 24 patients (56%), unchanged for 16 patients (37%), and worse
for 3 (7%). Twenty patients (47%) considered their final result as excellent to good, 17 patients (40%) as satisfying, and
6 patients (13%) as mediocre. Male gender, absence of preoperative history compatible with an irritable bowel syndrome, length
of resected sigmoid and residual acute inflammation on histology are statistically predictive of a better postoperative degree
of satisfaction. After elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for CT-proven diverticulitis, a great majority of patients are
very satisfied with their postoperative general comfort. 相似文献
58.
Mano J. Thubrikar Michel R. Labrosse Kenton J. Zehr Francis Robicsek Geoffrey G. Gong Brett L. Fowler 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2005,28(6):850-855
Objective: Valve-sparing surgery can be used in patients with dilated aortic roots and aortic insufficiency (AI) but has not become a common practice, in part because the spared valve may be incompetent. Our goal was to study how the dimensions of the aortic root and leaflets have changed in such patients. Methods: Fourteen patients with dilated aortic root and AI were examined by transesophageal echocardiography. The annulus diameter, sinotubular junction (STJ) diameter, sinus height, leaflet free-edge length, and leaflet height were measured. Correlations among these dimensions and with the AI grades were explored. Measurements were also made in 19 normal human aortic valves from silicone molds. Results: There was no evident change in the average diameter of the annulus between the normal valves and those in the dilated aortic roots. The STJ diameter was obviously increased in the dilated aortic roots; the aortic sinuses also appeared to be taller and the leaflets larger than normal. The leaflet free-edge length, the leaflet height, and the sinus height were found to increase with the dilated STJ diameter. The degree of AI was not found to correlate well with any of the dimensions measured. Conclusions: The dimensions of the leaflets may change parallel to aortic root dilatation with AI. Therefore, during valve sparing, it may be necessary to correct both the dilatation of the root and the leaflet free-edge length to achieve a competent valve. 相似文献
59.
Fred Poordad Robert Gish Adil Wakil Richard Garcia-Kennedy Paul Martin Francis Y. Yao 《American journal of transplantation》2003,3(11):1413-1417
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly recognized clinico-pathologic entity typically associated with obesity, type II diabetes and hyperlipidemia. It has been noted to recur after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We report four patients who developed de novo NAFLD within 3 months of OLT without the typical predisposing factors of diabetes mellitus or obesity. Three of the four patients underwent OLT for hepatitis C-related cirrhosis, and the other for alcoholic cirrhosis. Examination of the liver explants revealed no evidence of steatosis. No surreptitious alcohol use or a drug-induced process could be identified in these patients. Treatment of recurrent hepatitis C infection in one patient with interferon and ribavirin led to sustained suppression of the viral RNA to undetectable levels, but no improvement in histology or liver enzymes. All four patients had histologic evidence of preservation injury on the initial post-OLT biopsies, but the significance of this finding in relationship to the development of NAFLD is unknown. NAFLD can develop without any of the known predisposing conditions after transplantation, and this raises further questions about the pathogenesis of this condition . 相似文献
60.
George G. Hartnell Francis M. Bradley 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》1993,30(2):101-103
The recommended angiographic projections for optimally demonstrating various cardiac structures vary, and do not always achieve their aim. To determine the most appropriate radiographic projections to optimally demonstrate cardiac structures, we reviewed the orientations of major cardiac structures and the associated great vessels, as demonstrated by axial MRI. Measurements were made from 187 MRI examinations of the heart. These measurements confirmed that the optimum angiographic projections for various cardiac structures are at variance with a number of the recommended views. Recommendations for the angiographic projections most likely to provide optimum display of various cardiac structures and associated great vessels in different patient populations are presented. © 1993 Wiiey-Liss, Inc. 相似文献