标杆管理及其在医院管理中的应用

标杆管理为20世纪90年代三大管理方法之一,被西方现代企业认为是改善经营绩效、提高全球竞争力最有用的一个管理工具。本文借用标杆管理的方法,结合医院工作实际,阐述了在医院开展标杆管理的标杆类型、标杆项目、实施步骤及注意问题。     

吸烟对前庭眼动影响的研究

实验采用正弦摆动模式的前庭刺激方法,对8名健康男性青年吸烟者吸烟前后视前庭眼动各参数进行观察。结果表明:吸烟后即刻视网膜电位降低非常显著(P<0.01),慢相速度及增益增大非常显著(P<0.01),快相速度增大显著(P<0.05);在吸烟后30min时均未完全恢复,但已无显著差异(P>0.05)。提示:吸烟可 以导致空中盲距增大、夜间视力降低及空晕病、前庭本体性错觉的发生,对飞行安全构成严重威胁。     

模拟失重膳食Fe摄入及血清蛋白含量的变化

目的　探讨模拟失重膳食 Fe摄入量及蛋白质含量的变化 .方法　受试者 - 6°头低位卧床 2 1d,用称量法观察其营养素及 Fe摄入量的变化 ,并于卧床前 2 d,卧床 1,11和 2 1d测定血红蛋白 (Hb) ;用双缩脲法及溴甲酚绿法分别测定血清总蛋白及白蛋白含量 .结果　膳食 Fe摄入量 2 wk开始降低 16 % ,3wk后基本恢复 ,血清总蛋白也在 2 wk降低 5 % (P<0 .0 5 ) ,3wk回升 ,Hb不受影响 .结论　模拟失重对膳食Fe摄入量及总蛋白含量有短期影响 ,经过适应期后可恢复到正常范围     

诺氟沙星微囊包囊率及收率的测定

采用6种不同溶剂-非溶剂制备诺氟沙星微囊,并测定包囊率和收率.结果表明,选用二氯甲烷-正已烷制备诺氟沙星微囊其包囊率在6种溶剂-非溶剂组成中最高,达90.90%,收率也较高为87.27%.     

氯仿重结晶棉酚的质量研究

报道了氯仿重结晶的棉酚的化学性质,样品在不同温度下干燥恒重后,经熔点、薄层层析、紫外光谱、红外光谱、X-射线衍射、热重量分析、元素(C,H,Cl)分析及棉酚合量测定等一系列的分析,确证了在60℃以下棉酚与氯仿成溶剂化物(solvate)。随着干燥温度的升高或在室温长时间的贮存,此现象逐渐消失,100℃真空干燥恒重后成为纯棉酚。     

Bichat guidelines for the clinical management of brucellosis and bioterrorism-related brucellosis

Interest in Brucella species as a biological weapon stems from the fact that airborne transmission of the agent is possible. It is highly contagious and enters through mucous membranes such as the conjunctiva, oropharynx, respiratory tract and skin abrasions. It has been estimated that 10-100 organisms only are sufficient to constitute an infectious aerosol dose for humans. Signs and symptoms are similar in patients whatever the route of transmission and are mostly non-specific. Symptoms of patients infected by aerosol are indistinguishable from those of patients infected by other routes. Regimens containing doxycycline plus streptomycin or doxycycline plus rifampin are effective for most forms of brucellosis. Isolation of patients is not necessary. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones also have good results against Brucella, but are associated with high relapse rates when used as monotherapy. The combination of ofloxacin plus rifampicin is associated with good results. Even if there is little evidence to support its utility for post-exposure prophylaxis, doxycycline plus rifampicin is recommended for 3 to 6 weeks.     

Transitional Care for Young People with Neurological Disorders: A Scoping Review with A Focus on Patients with Movement Disorders

Childhood-onset movement disorders represent a heterogenous group of conditions. Given the complexity of these disorders, the transition of care from pediatric to adult medicine is an important consideration. We performed a scoping review of the literature on transitional care in chronic neurological disease, exploring key transitional issues and proposed transitional care models. Our aim was to describe the current knowledge and gaps about the transition process of young adults with chronic neurological disorders, paying special attention to childhood onset movement disorders. A total of 64 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis; 56 articles reported on transitional care issues, and 8 articles reported on transitional care models. Only 2 articles included patients with movement disorders. The following 4 main transitional issues were identified following synthesis of the available literature: (1) inadequate preparation for the transition process, (2) inappropriate and inconsistent transition practices, (3) inadequate adult services, and (4) heightened emotional response surrounding transition. Of the reported transitional care models, multidisciplinary ambulatory care was the most common approach. In studies evaluating patient-related outcomes, positive health, educational, and vocational outcomes were found. The available literature provides insights on issues that can arise during transition that should be addressed to improve patient and caregiver comfort and satisfaction with care. Further research is needed to evaluate how transitional care programs affect outcomes and their cost effectiveness. More studies are required to determine the needs and outcomes specific to patients with childhood onset movement disorders. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society