2,7,12,18-四甲基-13,17-二(3-羟基丙基)卟啉的合成及其光敏化活性

由氯化高铁次卟啉经脱铁、酯化、还原合成了光敏剂２，７，１２，１８－四甲基－１３，１７－二（３－羟基丙基）卟啉，并测定其光敏活性     

江苏省肾综合征出血热单价灭活疫苗中期免疫效果观察

观察HFRS单价灭活疫苗中期免疫效果。方法：采用IFAT法及MCPENT法检测荧光抗体及中和抗体。结果：3个试区加强接种人数分别为4052、4407和6354人。加强后，Ⅰ型苗荧光抗体阳性率为72．73％，GMT为14.14；中和抗体阳性率为54．55％，GMT为6．67。D型苗荧光抗体阳性率为75.00％，GMT为11.85；中和抗体阳性率为60％，GMT为9．44。加强后1年，Ⅰ型苗年均保护率为65．52％，Ⅱ型苗则为94．24％。同期，Ⅰ型苗荧光抗体阳性率维持在40％，中和抗体维持在35．00％；Ⅱ型苗荧光抗体阳性率降至10．34％，中和抗体维持在53．85％。结论：两型疫苗均有较好的中期防病效果。     

The use of deep inspiration preceding the valsalva maneuver and rapid expiration in color doppler imaging of the lower extremity veins

Deep inspiration preceding Valsalva maneuver and rapid expiration immediately following it (DIVE) enhance venous blood flow on color Doppler flow imaging (CDI). The effect of DIVE was assessed in 115 consecutive lower extremity examinations. Of these, 95 or 115 (83%) had negative CDI sonograms, and 20 of 115 (17%) had partially (six of 115) or completely (14 of 115) occluding deep vein thrombosis. DIVE enhanced venous blood flow in 68% of the negative cases, resulting in transient venous distention, and/or more complete color filling, and/or greater spectral flow velocities. The 14 cases with completely occluding thrombi showed no response to DIVE. Six cases with partially occluding thrombi showed moderate to mild response to DIVE, with improved color delineation of the residual patent lumen around the thrombus. The authors conclude that DIVE facilitates deep venous CDI, especially when compression cannot be used to augment venous flow.     

急性缺氧对飞行员胃液排空功能的影响

为探讨急性缺氧对飞行人员胃液体排空功能的影响，在常压下吸入不同浓度氧（17％、16％、14％、12％、10．5％及9％）的低氧混合气体30min，采用B型超声波在实验前后分别测量了64名男性飞行员的胃液体排空功能。结果表明，吸入17％低氧混合气胃排空延迟，但经统计学处理无显著性差异（P＞0．05），吸入16％以下的低氧混合气后胃排空延迟，经统计学处理有显著性差异（P＜O．01），且随着缺氧程度加重，胃液体排空时间延长更加明显。提示当发生高空缺氧时，应考虑到缺氧对胃排空有抑制作用这一因素。     

盐酸氯胺酮-β-环糊精包合物的研究

采用正交设计法对饱和水溶液法制备盐酸氯胺酮－β－环糊精包合物的温度、时间及投料比进行选优，显微观察包合物形态，UV和X－射线衍射法测试包合物晶形变化，品尝包合物味觉效果，并测定其稳定性及溶出度。结果表明，按1：2主客克分子比，于25℃电动搅拌3h，制备包合物的包合率和收率较高，包合物已形成一种新物相，具有稳定性高，无苦味及缓释性能。     

急性病毒性肝炎住院患者血清学分型与流行病学分布研究

本文收集了西安市住院急性病毒性肝炎患者血清标本２９３份，用ＥＬＩＳＡ进行分型检测，并作流行病学调查。结果发现：甲肝占６５．１９％，乙肝占１０．９２％，丙肝占４．７８％，丁肝占３．７５％，戊肝占４．４４％，诊断不明者占１０．９２％。结果表明，在西安市住院的急性病毒性肝炎中，甲肝为主要类型；与以往结果比较，甲肝患者的发病年龄明显后移；除乙肝外，各型肝炎中男性均多于女性，尤以丁肝和戊肝为著；甲肝有明显的     

Outbreaks of smallpox due to variolation in China, 1962-1965

In 1985, previously unknown outbreaks of smallpox were uncovered which had occurred in Shanxi Province and Nei Monggol Autonomous Region in northern China during 1962-1965, several years after smallpox transmission was thought to have been interrupted. During field investigation, the authors learned that most of the cases were known to local health officials but had not been officially reported to national authorities. All were among persons who had been variolated or were their close contacts. Variolation is an ancient method of protection against naturally acquired smallpox that was officially proscribed in the early 1950s but was renewed in remote areas when smallpox vaccination activities were interrupted during the three-year famine of 1959-1962, following the "great leap forward" program of 1958. It was found that the variolators in Shanxi Province and Nei Monggol Autonomous Region inoculated persons with the use of powdered smallpox scabs mixed with human milk, and that they obtained fresh supplies of scabs every 6-12 months by variolating relatives and friends. The health authorities responded by capturing the variolators, confiscating their variolation material and equipment, and vaccinating the population. The last known cases occurred in 1965, and the practice of variolation is now believed to be extinct.     

消化道肿瘤免疫相关不良事件的临床分析

目的探讨消化系统恶性肿瘤中免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs）导致免疫相关不良事件(immune-related adverse events, irAEs)的特征及危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2019年4月至2021年10月北京大学肿瘤医院诊治的95例接受ICIs治疗的消化系统恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料和irAEs发生情况。irAEs、内分泌irAEs危险因素分析采用二元Logistic回归分析。结果 95例患者共应用ICIs治疗458例次,中位应用3例次(范围：1~33例次）。irAEs的发生率为55.8%,3~4级irAEs发生率为9.5%。最常见的irAEs为皮肤irAEs(27.4%）和内分泌irAEs(22.1%）。内分泌irAEs中甲状腺功能减退最常见(16.8%）,肾上腺皮质功能减退(2.1%）和垂体炎(1.1%）少见。多数irAEs发生于免疫治疗初期,78.2%发生于12周内。过敏反应、皮肤irAEs最早发生,中位发生时间分别为2周(范围：0.9～3.1周）和3.8周(范围：0.9～17.9周）,内分泌irAEs中位发生时间为6.9周(范围：3.0～52.1周）。多因素分析显示,女性(OR=5.197, 95%CI：1.166～23.154, P=0.031)和微卫星高度不稳定(microsatellite instability-high,MSI-H） (OR=35.048, 95%CI：2.756～445.787, P=0.006)是内分泌irAEs发生风险增加的独立危险因素,免疫治疗联合化学药物治疗(OR=0.107, 95%CI：0.021～0.412, P=0.001）是内分泌irAEs的独立保护性因素。结论在消化系统恶性肿瘤中应用ICIs具有较好的安全性。女性和MSI-H患者出现内分泌irAEs风险增加,联合化学药物治疗可能降低内分泌irAEs发生风险。     

Ache、P-selectin、CDK5在病毒性脑炎中的表达及相关性研究

目的 探究乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase, Ache)、P-选择素(P-selectin)、细胞周期素依赖蛋白激酶5(cyclin-dependent kinase 5,CDK5)在病毒性脑炎(viral encephalitis, VE)中的表达及相关性。方法 本研究选取在本院健康体检及神经内科就诊治疗、住院治疗的病毒性脑炎患者130例作为研究对象,并纳入研究组,根据患者的病情时间将其分为急性期和恢复期,其中急性期组85例,恢复期组45例。根据患者的临床表现,将其分为轻度组和重度组,其中轻度组76例,重度组54例,选择同期在我院接受体检的健康患者60例作为对照组。应用丁酰硫代胆碱底物法检测Ache水平;酶联免疫吸附法检测血清P-selectin水平;CDK5分离试剂盒检测CDK5水平。观察研究组和对照组、急性期和恢复期及重度组和轻度组患者Ache、P-selectin、CDK5水平,分析病毒性脑炎患者Ache、P-selectin和CDK5之间相关性,利用ROC曲线比较Ache、P-selectin、CDK5单独检测及联合检测在VE中的诊断价值。结果 研究组A...     

小鼠原始卵泡形成过程中可变剪切的动态变化

目的：通过对新生小鼠卵巢单个生殖细胞转录组数据进行挖掘,探究可变剪切事件是否参与调控小鼠卵泡组装过程的阶段转换。方法：基于小鼠单个生殖细胞转录组数据,用生物信息学方法分析卵泡组装过程3个细胞发育阶段的可变剪切事件及阶段转换之间的差异可变剪切事件,并用PCR验证差异可变剪切相关同源异构体的变化。结果：在小鼠卵泡组装3个发育阶段转换之间均检测到差异可变剪切事件,其中卵泡生成阶段可变剪切事件以及包囊破裂到卵泡生成时期的差异可变剪切事件富集最多,PCR验证了减数分裂相关同源异构体的变化。结论：可变剪切和小鼠卵泡组装细胞发育阶段转换相关,调控生殖细胞到卵母细胞转变过程。