Effects of selective depletion of L3T4+ T-lymphocytes on herpes simplex virus encephalitis

The L3T4 surface molecule defines a subset of murine lymphocytes which are homologous to CD4+ lymphocytes in humans, and are functionally characterized as "helper/inducer" cells. To determine the role of helper/inducer lymphocytes in the host defense against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis, we utilized a monoclonal antibody to selectively deplete L3T4+ lymphocytes from BALB/c mice prior to experimental HSV infection. Susceptibility to HSV was only minimally increased by the depletion of L3T4+ cells, although mice receiving anti-L3T4 were profoundly immunosuppressed; splenic lymphocytes did not respond to stimulation by virus antigen in vitro, and L3T4+ lymphocyte-depleted mice failed to produce antibodies to HSV-1. However, mice receiving anti-L3T4 had a prolonged increase in natural killer cell activity following HSV infection as compared to controls. These data demonstrate that L3T4+ lymphocytes contribute minimally to host resistance to acute neural HSV infection, even though elimination of these lymphocytes markedly inhibits the genesis of immune responses.     

蒙药毛勒日—达布斯—4汤中微量元素及氨基酸含量的测定

目的：测定蒙药毛勒日-达布斯-4汤中微量元素和氨基酸的含量。方法：用原子吸收分光光度计,测定蒙药毛勒日-达布斯-4汤中几种重要的微量元素含量;用氨基酸自动分析仪测定氨基酸的含量。结果与结论：蒙药毛勒日-达布斯-4汤中含有较高的Mn、Fe、Zn和Mg;含有17种氨基酸,包括7种人体必需氨基酸,氨基酸总量为4.615%（mg/g）。     

慢性光化性皮炎的病因诊断及治疗

目的;探讨慢性光化性皮炎（ＣＡＤ）的病因,诊断及治疗,方法：查阅文献,对引起ＣＡＤ的光敏物、发病机理及治疗进行分析,结果：约１１％的ＣＡＤ患者有光敏物接触史;６２％光敏性隐匿;２７％有慢性皮炎病史;结论：ＣＡＤ发病与光变态反应有关,避光治疗有效。     

Principles and applications of the polymerase chain reaction

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a primer-directed in vitro enzymatic reaction for the production of a specific DNA fragment, has dramatically facilitated molecular biology approaches to fundamental research questions, as well introduced DNA testing into a variety of clinical diagnostic areas. Some of the principles of PCR, several recent advances in PCR technology and selected applications are reviewed. A variety of methods for analyzing allelic sequence diversity in amplified DNA have been developed. Genetic testing of the HLA loci, and other genes encoding cytokines and cytokine receptors, has had a significant impact on disease susceptibility studies and in clinical transplantation.     

Informed consent, parental awareness, and reasons for participating in a randomised controlled study

BACKGROUND: The informed consent procedure plays a central role in randomised controlled trials but has only been explored in a few studies on children. AIM: To assess the quality of the informed consent process in a paediatric setting. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to parents who volunteered their child (230 children) for a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of ibuprofen syrup to prevent recurrent febrile seizures. RESULTS: 181 (79%) parents responded. On average, 73% of parents were aware of the major study characteristics. A few had difficulty understanding the information provided. Major factors in parents granting approval were the contribution to clinical science (51%) and benefit to the child (32%). Sociodemographic status did not influence initial participation but west European origin of the father was associated with willingness to participate in future trials. 89% of participants felt positive about the informed consent procedure; however, 25% stated that they felt obliged to participate. Although their reasons for granting approval and their evaluation of the informed consent procedure did not differ, relatively more were hesitant about participating in future. Parents appreciated the investigator being on call 24 hours a day (38%) and the extra medical care and information provided (37%) as advantages of participation. Disadvantages were mainly the time consuming aspects and the work involved (23%). CONCLUSIONS: Parents' understanding of trial characteristics might be improved by designing less difficult informed consent forms and by the investigator giving extra attention and information to non-west European parents. Adequate measures should be taken to avoid parents feeling obliged to participate, rather than giving true informed consent.     

分子生物学技术在植入前诊断中的应用

植入前诊断是产前诊断非常早的一种方法，目的是放弃携带严重遗传病的胚胎，将健康胚胎植入母体。两种主要的方法是聚合酶链反应（PCR）和荧光原位杂交（FISH）。PCR用于单基因病诊断，FISH用于染色体异常诊断。临床主要应用于存在遗传风险的患者如携带单基因病和染色体易位的患者。随着分子生物学技术的飞速发展，如比较基因组（CGH），全基因组扩增技术（WGA），引物延伸预扩增（PEP），间期核转换技术及DNA芯片技术（DNAchip）等PGD先进检测手段的应用，单细胞用于诊断单基因或多基因突变及染色体疾病，为期不远。