全文获取类型
收费全文 | 401篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 29篇 |
妇产科学 | 3篇 |
基础医学 | 42篇 |
口腔科学 | 23篇 |
临床医学 | 47篇 |
内科学 | 101篇 |
皮肤病学 | 4篇 |
神经病学 | 21篇 |
特种医学 | 46篇 |
外科学 | 50篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
预防医学 | 15篇 |
眼科学 | 4篇 |
药学 | 17篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 30篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 12篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 15篇 |
2011年 | 13篇 |
2010年 | 24篇 |
2009年 | 28篇 |
2008年 | 13篇 |
2007年 | 19篇 |
2006年 | 23篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 21篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1926年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有446条查询结果,搜索用时 484 毫秒
261.
CP Smith D Firth S Bennett C Howard P Chisholm 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(5):537-541
A 6-y retrospective case note review was performed to determine the causes of ketoacidosis. 135 patients and 463 diabetic years were involved. Fifty-two ketoacidosis episodes occurred: 19 episodes in new patients and 33 episodes in 19 patients with established diabetes. 27% of newly diagnosed patients presented in ketoacidosis. They were similar in terms of age, sex and proportion living in single parent families to those presenting without ketoacidosis. The 33 ketoacidosis episodes occurring in established patients included 12 episodes in 3 children who were transferred to our care because of uncontrolled diabetes. Insulin omission was the cause of ketoacidosis in 9/19 (47%) patients, and was suspected in a further 5/19 (26%). Family and school problems were common and 14/19 patients came from single parent families. Established patients aged ≥11 y were predominantly female (10F, 2M), whereas patients aged ≥10y were predominantly male (6M, 1F). 7 patients with multiple ketoacidosis episodes were all ≥11 y and 6 were female. Families with ≥2 diabetic children appeared vulnerable, 4 cases coming from 3/7 such families. 相似文献
262.
John CP Henderson 《The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association》1984,28(4):376-378
Galvanic current has been used in the relief of pain and inflammation since the 19th century. Two techniques for applying the current have traditionally been employed. A third technique, using the Beta-2 Relievor as the source of current, has been recently proposed. A case of chronic shin-splint is presented to illustrate use of the Beta-2 unit. 相似文献
263.
CR Valeri ; LE Pivacek ; AD Gray ; GP Cassidy ; ME Leavy ; RC Dennis ; AJ Melaragno ; J Niehoff ; N Yeston ; CP Emerson ; et al. 《Transfusion》1989,29(5):429-437
Human red cells frozen by various methods have been stored in the frozen state at -80 degrees C for as long as 21 years. This report discusses: red cells frozen with 42 percent weight per volume (wt/vol) glycerol in an ionic medium in a polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic bag using the Cohn method; red cells frozen with 45 percent wt/vol glycerol in a low ionic medium in a PVC plastic bag using the Huggins method; red cells frozen with 40 percent wt/vol glycerol in an ionic medium in a polyolefin plastic bag using the Meryman-Hornblower method; and red cells frozen with 40 percent wt/vol glycerol in an ionic medium in a standard 600-ml or an elongated 800-ml PVC plastic primary collection bag with an adapter port using the Naval Blood Research Laboratory (NBRL) method. After frozen storage for as long as 21 years by the four methods described above, the thawed red cells were deglycerolized with 50 to 150 ml of 12 percent sodium chloride and 1.5 to 2.0 l of sodium chloride-glucose or sodium chloride-glucose-phosphate solution. After washing and storage at 4 degrees C for 24 hour, the red cells had a mean freeze-thaw-wash recovery value of 90 percent, a mean 24-hour posttransfusion survival value of 85 percent, a mean index of therapeutic effectiveness of 75 percent, normal or slightly impaired oxygen transport function, and minimal hemolysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
264.
265.
Perceptions and preferences of autologous blood donors 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
SJ Lee ; B Liljas ; WH Churchill ; MA Popovsky ; CP Stowell ; ME Cannon ; M Johannesson 《Transfusion》1998,38(8):757-763
BACKGROUND: The public's perception of autologous blood donation and transfusion as a worthwhile alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion increased dramatically with discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus. However, new concerns are being raised about the health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of the procedure. As more restrictive guidelines for autologous blood donation evolve, opposition from patients concerned about exposure to allogeneic blood may arise. Physicians' ability to reassure patients and garner their support for more restrictive policies requires an understanding of patients' concerns. The motivations, perceptions, and preferences of patients currently participating in autologous blood donation programs were investigated in this study. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Results from two questionnaire studies of 647 autologous blood donors are presented. The questionnaires assessed demographics, risk perceptions, preferences, willingness to pay, and reactions to different interventions designed to decrease patient preference for autologous blood donation. RESULTS: Patients expressed a strong preference for the availability of autologous blood and indicated that they would be willing to pay substantial amounts of money even if the procedure were not covered by insurance. Despite education about the low risks of complications from allogeneic transfusions, an aversion to allogeneic transfusion and a willingness to pay for autologous blood donation persisted. Patients were not reassured by information on better infectious disease testing or physician recommendation against autologous blood donation. CONCLUSION: Patients currently participating in autologous blood donor programs strongly prefer continued access to this procedure, primarily because they remain concerned about the complications of allogeneic transfusions. They may not be significantly reassured despite increasingly rigorous and costly improvements in donor and component screening. 相似文献
266.
JO Bordin ; JG Kelton ; MN Warner ; JW Smith ; GA Denomme ; TE Warkentin ; K McGrath ; R Minchinton ; CP Hayward 《Transfusion》1997,37(8):823-828
BACKGROUND: Immunization to platelet alloantigens can occur during pregnancy or after the transfusion of blood components. Platelet alloantibodies can cause neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and posttransfusion purpura. Transfusion-induced alloimmunization to a novel platelet alloantigen system, Gov, expressed on the 175-kDa glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored platelet glycoprotein, CD109, was previously described. This report describes three unrelated patients who were alloimmunized to Gov(a) or Gov(b) during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Platelets were typed by using radioimmunoprecipitation for HPA-1a, -3a, -5a, -5b, Gov(a), and Gov(b) and by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for HPA-1a, -1b, -3a, and -3b. Maternal sera were screened for platelet antibodies by using radioimmunoprecipitation and the antigen capture assay. RESULTS: Patients 1 and 2 were investigated after the diagnosis of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia in their children, and alloantibodies specific for Gov(b) and Gov(a), respectively, were detected in maternal serum. Serum from patient 3, who had mild idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura with no detectable autoantibody, was found to contain alloantibodies to Gov(b) and to HPA- 5b, presumably as a result of immunization during pregnancy. Platelet typings confirmed that the patients were at risk for alloimmunization to the respective antigen. CONCLUSION: This report of three cases of maternal alloimmunization to antigens in the Gov system indicates that immunization can occur via placental transfer of antigen and that Gov system alloantibodies may be associated with neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. 相似文献
267.
Surveillance for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group O infections in the United States 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
CP Pau ; DJ Hu ; C Spruill ; C Schable ; E Lackritz ; M Kai ; JR George ; MA Rayfield ; TJ Dondero ; AE Williams ; MP Busch ; AE Brown ; FE McCutchan ; G Schochetman 《Transfusion》1996,36(5):398-400
BACKGROUND: Reports that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- 1) group O variants are not reliably detected by some commercial diagnostic tests have raised concerns about the sensitivity of existing screening tests, especially with regard to blood safety. Although it is unlikely that these divergent strains are prevalent in North America, systematic, continuous surveillance is needed to monitor the potential spread of HIV variants into that region. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Stored serum samples (n = 1072) from both high- and low-risk population groups at several sites in the United States and Puerto Rico were tested by peptide enzyme immunoassays specific for the prototypic HIV-1 group O strains, MVP5180 and ANT70. RESULTS: None of the 1072 samples examined had peptide reactivity that was consistent with HIV-1 group O infection. CONCLUSION: While no evidence of specific HIV-1 group O (MVP5180 or ANT70) infection was found in this study, the sensitivity of current tests has not been fully evaluated against the wide range of genetic variation of HIV. Therefore, it is important to continue active surveillance for HIV-1 and HIV type 2 strains, to characterize any divergent strains, and to judiciously modify tests to correct for any deficiencies in sensitivity. 相似文献
268.
CP Welch BSC PhD JA Tweed MRPharms A Smithers MB BS NK Gostick MB ChB J Raniwalla BSc BM 《International journal of clinical practice》1997,51(6):360-363
Dothiepin, a well-established antidepressant, has been compared with clomipramine in a single-blind study which demonstrated that dothiepin was better tolerated but there was no difference in efficacy. The present study was performed to recent European guidelines on good clinical practice using a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group methodology. One hundred and one patients suffering from major depressive disorder as defined by DSM-III-R were randomised to receive either clomipramine (25-150 mg daily) or dothiepin (75-150 mg daily) for up to six weeks. The clomipramine group comprised 51 patients, the dothiepin group 50 patients. At baseline, both groups had a mean age of 41-43 years and gave similar mean scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (23.5 for clomipramine, 23.6 for dothiepin). At endpoint it was reduced in both groups but there were no significant differences between the groups (mean change from baseline for the clomipramine and dothiepin groups was -14.6 and -14.1 respectively). Thirty-one clomipramine patients and 41 dothiepin patients completed six weeks' treatment. Withdrawal from treatment (20 patients for clomipramine, nine for dothiepin) was significantly different (p=0.0105). When reasons for withdrawal were analysed, 13 clomipramine patients and two dothiepin patients withdrew because of adverse events, this difference being significant (p=0.002). Thus both treatments were effective in treating patients suffering from major depressive disorder, but patients receiving dothiepin suffered fewer adverse events and were more likely to complete their treatment. 相似文献
269.
DE Thomas HZ Kaimakliotis KR Rice JA Pereira P Johnston ML Moore A Reed DM Cregar C Franklin RL Loman MO Koch R Bihrle RS Foster TA Masterson TA Gardner CP Sundaram CR Powell SDW Beck NM. Hahn 《Urologic oncology》2018,36(7):345-346
Background
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) is a poor prognostic finding in urothelial carcinoma. However, its significance in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is uncertain. We assessed the effect of CIS found in pretreatment transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) biopsies on the pathologic and clinical outcomes.Materials and methods
Subjects with MIUC treated with NAC before cystectomy were identified. The pathologic complete response (pCR) rates stratified by TURBT CIS status were compared. The secondary analyses included tumor response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and an exploratory post hoc analysis of patients with pathologic CIS only (pTisN0) at cystectomy.Results
A total of 137 patients with MIUC were identified. TURBT CIS was noted in 30.7% of the patients. The absence of TURBT CIS was associated with a significantly increased pCR rate (23.2% vs. 9.5%; odds ratio = 4.08; 95% CI: 1.19–13.98; P = 0.025). Stage pTisN0 disease was observed in 19.0% of the TURBT CIS patients. TURBT CIS status did not significantly affect the PFS or OS outcomes. Post hoc analysis of the pTisN0 patients revealed prolonged median PFS (104.5 vs. 139.9 months; P = 0.055) and OS (104.5 vs. 152.3 months; P = 0.091) outcomes similar to those for the pCR patients.Conclusion
The absence of CIS on pretreatment TURBT in patients with MIUC undergoing NAC was associated with increased pCR rates, with no observed differences in PFS or OS. Isolated CIS at cystectomy was frequently observed, with lengthy PFS and OS durations similar to those for pCR patients. Further studies aimed at understanding the biology and clinical effect of CIS in MIUC are warranted. 相似文献270.