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91.
The use of psychiatry‐focused simulation in undergraduate nursing education: A systematic search and review
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Amanda D. Vandyk RN PhD Michelle Lalonde RN MN PhD Sabrina Merali RN MN Erica Wright MLIS Irmajean Bajnok RN MScN PhD Barbara Davies RN PhD FCAHS 《International journal of mental health nursing》2018,27(2):514-535
Evidence on the use of simulation to teach psychiatry and mental health (including addiction) content is emerging, yet no summary of the implementation processes or associated outcomes exists. The aim of this study was to systematically search and review empirical literature on the use of psychiatry‐focused simulation in undergraduate nursing education. Objectives were to (i) assess the methodological quality of existing evidence on the use of simulation to teach mental health content to undergraduate nursing students, (ii) describe the operationalization of the simulations, and (iii) summarize the associated quantitative and qualitative outcomes. We conducted online database (MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC, CINAHL, PsycINFO from January 2004 to October 2015) and grey literature searches. Thirty‐two simulation studies were identified describing and evaluating six types of simulations (standardized patients, audio simulations, high‐fidelity simulators, virtual world, multimodal, and tabletop). Overall, 2724 participants were included in the studies. Studies reflected a limited number of intervention designs, and outcomes were evaluated with qualitative and quantitative methods incorporating a variety of tools. Results indicated that simulation was effective in reducing student anxiety and improving their knowledge, empathy, communication, and confidence. The summarized qualitative findings all supported the benefit of simulation; however, more research is needed to assess the comparative effectiveness of the types of simulations. Recommendations from the findings include the development of guidelines for educators to deliver each simulation component (briefing, active simulation, debriefing). Finally, consensus around appropriate training of facilitators is needed, as is consistent and agreed upon simulation terminology. 相似文献
92.
Cutaneous reactive hyperaemia is unaltered by dietary nitrate supplementation in healthy humans
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Brett J. Wong Jeremy T. Keen Erica L. Levitt 《Clinical physiology and functional imaging》2018,38(5):772-778
The purpose of this study was to determine whether nitrate supplementation augments cutaneous reactive hyperaemia. Seven participants were tested pre‐ and postnitrate supplementation (25 ml beetroot juice); participants consumed one shot per day for 3 days. Participants were instrumented with two microdialysis fibres: control (Ringer's solution) and NO synthase inhibition (20 mM L‐NAME). Skin blood flow was measured via laser‐Doppler flowmetry (LDF). A blood pressure cuff was placed on the experimental arm and inflated to 250 mmHg for 5 mins to occlude arterial inflow. The cuff was released, and the resultant reactive hyperaemia was measured. Blood pressure was continuously measured via plethysmography from a finger on the non‐experimental arm. Cutaneous vascular conductance was calculated (LDF/MAP) and normalized to maximal vasodilatation (%CVCmax). Only diastolic blood pressure was reduced following nitrate supplementation (71 ± 2 vs. 66 ± 1 mmHg; P<0·05). There was no effect of nitrate supplementation on peak reactive hyperaemia at control (Pre: 52 ± 3 vs. Post: 57 ± 2%CVCmax) or L‐NAME (Pre: 52 ± 2 vs. Post: 59 ± 4%CVCmax) sites. There was no effect of nitrate supplementation on total reactive hyperaemia at either control (Pre: 4197 ± 943 vs. Post: 4523 ± 1040%CVCmax * sec) or L‐NAME (Pre: 5108 ± 997 vs. Post: 5694 ± 1002%CVCmax * sec) sites. These data suggest cutaneous reactive hyperaemia is unaffected by dietary nitrate supplementation in healthy humans. 相似文献
93.
Nancy Warren Carmen J. Portillo Carol Dawson-Rose Erica Monasterio Christopher B. Fox Kellie Freeborn Portia Morris Suzan Stringari-Murray 《The Journal for Nurse Practitioners》2018,14(6):e113-e120
To meet the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy and the need for a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-competent primary care workforce, education and training of nurse practitioners are critical. The University of California, San Francisco School of Nursing developed and implemented an HIV primary care curriculum and evaluated this curriculum for a graduating cohort of 55 students. Results show gains in students’ HIV knowledge and confidence in providing basic HIV care and improvements in attitudes toward people living with HIV. We have been able to show that HIV content can be successfully integrated into a nurse practitioner generalist curriculum. 相似文献
94.
Guido van Amerongen Kawita Kanhai Anne Catrien Baakman Jules Heuberger Erica Klaassen Tim L. Beumer Rob L.M. Strijers Joep Killestein Joop van Gerven Adam Cohen Geert Jan Groeneveld 《Clinical therapeutics》2018,40(9):1467-1482
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of an oral formulation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (ECP002A) in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).Methods
This accelerated proof-of-concept study consisted of 2 phases: a crossover challenge (dose-finding) phase and a 4-week, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled treatment phase. Twenty-four patients with progressive MS and moderate spasticity were enrolled. During the treatment phase, biomarkers for efficacy and secondary pharmacodynamic effects were measured at baseline and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. Serum samples were collected to determine pharmacokinetic properties and perform population modeling. Safety and tolerability profiles were assessed based on adverse events and safety measurements.Findings
Pain was significantly reduced when measured directly after administration of ECP002A in the clinic but not when measured in a daily diary. A similar pattern was observed in subjective muscle spasticity. Other clinical outcomes were not significantly different between active treatment and placebo. Cognitive testing indicated that there was no decline in cognition after 2 or 4 weeks of treatment attributable to ECP002A compared with placebo.ImplicationsThis study specifically underlines the added value of thorough investigation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic associations in the target population. Despite the complex interplay of psychoactive effects and analgesia, the current oral formulation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol may play a role in the treatment of spasticity and pain associated with MS because it was well tolerated and had a stable pharmacokinetic profile. 相似文献95.
Danielle Quesada Nasar U. Ahmed Kristopher P. Fennie Erica L. Gollub Boubakari Ibrahimou 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(3):495-504
In the past few years we have become increasingly aware of strong associations between obesity and ADHD. Both conditions are major public health issues, affecting children, adolescents and adults alike.
Objective
This review seeks to (1) examine prior research on the association between ADHD and obesity in children and adolescents; (2) discuss mechanisms and consequent behavioral attributes to gain understanding of the path association between ADHD and obesity, (3) review studies examining the role of physical activity, medication, eating behavior and gender on the relationship between ADHD and obesity in children and adolescents.Method
PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases were used to search for studies whose subjects were children and adolescents, ages 0–17?years and whose publication years were from 2000 to 2016. After screening 31 studies were included in the review.Results
The literature suggests that there is a significant association between ADHD and obesity. Further, the inattentive and impulsive behaviors that characterize ADHD could contribute to dis-regulated eating behaviors and a lack of motivation to engage in physical activity. In addition, it is proposed that medication, gender and physical activity play a role in mediating and moderating the relationship between ADHD and obesity. 相似文献96.
97.
Kelly L. Fargo Jessica Johnston Kurt B. Stevenson Meredith Deutscher Erica E. Reed 《Hospital pharmacy》2015,50(6):496-504
Background:
Studies evaluating the impact of passive cost visibility tools on antibiotic prescribing are lacking.Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the implementation of a passive antibiotic cost visibility tool would impact antibiotic prescribing and decrease antibiotic spending.Methods:
An efficiency and effectiveness initiative (EEI) was implemented in October 2012. To support the EEI, an antibiotic cost visibility tool was created in June 2013 displaying the relative cost of antibiotics. Using an observational study of interrupted time series design, 3 time frames were studied: pre EEI, post EEI, and post cost visibility tool implementation. The primary outcome was antibiotic cost per 1,000 patient days. Secondary outcomes included case mix index (CMI)–adjusted antibiotic cost per 1,000 patient days and utilization of the cost visibility tool.Results:
Initiation of the EEI was associated with a $4,675 decrease in antibiotic cost per 1,000 patient days (P = .003), and costs continued to decrease in the months following EEI (P = .009). After implementation of the cost visibility tool, costs remained stable (P = .844). Despite CMI increasing over time, adjustment for CMI had no impact on the directionality or statistical significance of the results.Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated a significant and sustained decrease in antibiotic cost per 1,000 patient days when focused medication cost reduction efforts were implemented, but passive cost visibility tool implementation was not associated with additional cost reduction. Antibiotic cost visibility tools may be of most benefit when prior medication cost reduction efforts are lacking or when an active intervention is incorporated. 相似文献98.
99.
William E. Trick Michael Y. Lin Robynn Cheng-Leidig Mary Driscoll Angela S. Tang Wei Gao Erica Runningdeer M. Allison Arwady Robert A. Weinstein 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(10):1725-1732
In response to clusters of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Illinois, USA, the Illinois Department of Public Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chicago Prevention Epicenter launched a statewide Web-based registry designed for bidirectional data exchange among health care facilities. CRE occurrences are entered and searchable in the system, enabling interfacility communication of patient information. For rapid notification of facilities, admission feeds are automated. During the first 12 months of implementation (November 1, 2013–October 31, 2014), 1,557 CRE reports (≈4.3/day) were submitted from 115 acute care hospitals, 5 long-term acute care hospitals, 46 long-term care facilities, and 7 reference laboratories. Guided by a state and local public health task force of infection prevention specialists and microbiologists and a nonprofit informatics entity, Illinois Department of Public Health deployed a statewide registry of extensively drug-resistant organisms. The legal, technical, and collaborative underpinnings of the system enable rapid incorporation of other emerging organisms. 相似文献
100.
Piers Blombery Lucy C. Fox Georgina L. Ryland Ella R. Thompson Jennifer Lickiss Michelle McBean Satwica Yerneni David Hughes Anthea Greenway Francoise Mechinaud Erica M. Wood Graham J. Lieschke Jeff Szer Pasquale Barbaro John Roy Joel Wight Elly Lynch Melissa Martyn Clara Gaff David Ritchie 《Haematologica》2021,106(1):64
Bone marrow failure (BMF) related to hypoplasia of hematopoietic elements in the bone marrow is a heterogeneous clinical entity with a broad differential diagnosis including both inherited and acquired causes. Accurate diagnostic categorization is critical to optimal patient care and detection of genomic variants in these patients may provide this important diagnostic and prognostic information. We performed real-time, accredited (ISO15189) comprehensive genomic characterization including targeted sequencing and whole exome sequencing in 115 patients with BMF syndromes (median age 24 years, range: 3 months - 81 years). In patients with clinical diagnoses of inherited BMF syndromes, acquired BMF syndromes or clinically unclassifiable BMF we detected variants in 52% (12 of 23), 53% (25 of 47) and 56% (25 of 45) respectively. Genomic characterization resulted in a change of diagnosis in 30 of 115 (26%) including the identification of germline causes for 3 of 47 and 16 of 45 cases with pre-test diagnoses of acquired and clinically unclassifiable BMF respectively. The observed clinical impact of accurate diagnostic categorization included choice to perform allogeneic stem cell transplantation, disease-specific targeted treatments, identification of at-risk family members and influence of sibling allogeneic stem cell donor choice. Multiple novel pathogenic variants and copy number changes were identified in our cohort including in TERT, FANCA, RPS7 and SAMD9. Whole exome sequence analysis facilitated the identification of variants in two genes not typically associated with a primary clinical manifestation of BMF but also demonstrated reduced sensitivity for detecting low level acquired variants. In conclusion, genomic characterization can improve diagnostic categorization of patients presenting with hypoplastic BMF syndromes and should be routinely performed in this group of patients. 相似文献