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101.
Kunstel K 《Current sports medicine reports》2005,4(4):203-206
There is oftentimes a notion of "the more, the better" with regard to vitamin and mineral intake among individuals, and especially
among athletes. Although adequate calcium intake is necessary to promote bone health and prevent osteoporosis, increased physical
activity alone does not necessarily demand an increased intake of dietary calcium or other micronutrients. Athletes may lose
calcium via sweat, in which case replenishment is advocated either via dietary intake of calcium-rich foods or a commercial
calcium supplement. The important message to athletes is to consume a diet adequate in energy, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals,
and fluids to support the physical demands and replenish the physiologic losses incurred with physical training. 相似文献
102.
Chronic smoke exposure alters the phenotype pattern and the metabolic response in human alveolar macrophages 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
C M SK
LD J LUNDAHL G HALLDN M HALLGREN A EKLUND 《Clinical and experimental immunology》1996,106(1):108-113
Smoking induces a chronic inflammatory process in the lower respiratory tract, where the alveolar macrophages (AM) are the main phagocytes. In the present study, the expressions of different membrane glycoproteins (CD11abc, CD71, CD54, CD14 and CD16) were determined by flow cytometry in AM from smokers and non-smokers after quenching of the intracellular autofluorescence. The metabolic activity of the AM was quantified as a functional test. The expressions of CD11a, CD54 and CD71 were higher in non-smokers' AM than in smokers'. The expressions of CD11b and CD16 were similar between the groups, while the CD11c was higher in smokers' AM compared with non-smokers’. The expression of CD14 was weak in both groups, therefore there was no clear-cut difference between the background and positively labelled cell populations. The metabolic response after in vitro stimulation with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was higher in non-smokers' than in smokers' AM. Our results indicate that chronic exposure to tobacco smoke influences both the expression of AM membrane antigens and the metabolic activity. AM from non-smokers express a phenotype more related to cell proliferation and an accessory function. In contrast, receptors reflecting adhesion and phagocytosis were unaltered or even increased in smokers' AM. The findings suggest a functional change in the AM population after chronic smoke exposure. 相似文献
103.
Hyperactivation may assist human spermatozoa to detach from intimate association with the endosalpinx 总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2
Pacey A.A.; Davies N.; Warren M.A.; Barratt C.L.R.; Cooke LD. 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1995,10(10):2603-2609
The behaviour of human spermatozoa was observed during incubationwith epithelial cells isolated from the isthmic and ampullarysections of human uterine (Fallopian) tubes.During incubation,spermatozoa were observed to bind to the epithelial cells ofthe tube (the endosalpinx), and individual spermatozoa attachedand detached at intervals.The kinematic characteristics of spermatozoaduring these behaviour patterns were determined. The resultsshowed that detached spermatozoa typically had an increasedcurvilinear velocity and amplitude of lateral head displacement,accompaniedby a decrease in their linearity. Significantly (P<0.01)more of the detaching spermatozoa were hyperactivated than werespermatozoa prior to attachment for both isthmic (35.3 ±5.5 versus 4.0 ± 3.3%mean ± SEM) and ampullary(26.0 ± 7.0 versus 2.0 ±1.4%) regions. Incubationwith epithelial cells from either region produced no differencesin any category of sperm behaviour. Furthermore, there was nosignificant difference between regions in the amount of timespermatozoa spent bound (33.6 ± 12.9 and 20.6 ±3.0 s for isthmic and ampullary tissue respectively). Theseresults support the hypothesis that hyperactivation may assistspermatozoa in breaking connections with epithelial cells. 相似文献
104.
105.
Adalgiza M Moreno Renata RT Castro Pedro PS Sorares Mauricio Sant' Anna Sergio LD Cravo Antônio CL Nóbrega 《Journal of cardiothoracic surgery》2011,6(1):62
Background
The treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) seeks to reduce or prevent its complications and decrease morbidity and mortality. For certain subgroups of patients, coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) may accomplish these goals. The objective of this study was to assess the pulmonary function in the CABG postoperative period of patients treated with a physiotherapy protocol. 相似文献106.
107.
Use of I-131 labeled, murine Fab against a high molecular weight antigen of human melanoma: preliminary experience 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Larson SM; Carrasquillo JA; McGuffin RW; Krohn KA; Ferens JM; Hill LD; Beaumier PL; Reynolds JC; Hellstrom KE; Hellstrom I 《Radiology》1985,155(2):487-492
High molecular weight antigen (HMWA) is a tumor-associated proteoglycan of human malignant melanoma. I-131 labeled Fab fragments of these specific antibodies were used for preliminary feasibility studies for radioimmunodetection and therapy of human subjects who had inoperable metastatic melanoma. Ten patients received tracer doses of 5-13 mCi (185-481 MBq) of I-131 (anti-HMWA) Fab. All patients (8/8) who had melanoma lesions greater than 1 cm by correlative diagnostic methods had one or more lesions that had localization to tumor of the radiolabeled Fab. In all, 17 of 23 (74%) documented metastases were seen. There were no false positives in this series. Two patients who had avid uptake received potentially radiotherapeutic doses of 142 mCi (5,254 MBq) (one patient) and 181 mCi (6,697 MBq) and 193 (7,141 MBq) (total: 374 mCi or 13,838 MBq) (one patient). For both of these patients, whole body imaging studies showed that the localization of the high dose I-131 Fab was predominantly in tumor. The patient who received the larger dose showed a greater than 50% reduction in the size of pelvic and pericaval nodes, with stabilization of disease at the smaller nodal size for a period of three months. On whole body images, the anti-Fab HMWA appears to be more tumor selective than Fab preparations that target the p97 antigen for melanoma, and there is less uptake in liver. 相似文献
108.
109.
Radiotherapy of the neck as a risk factor for stroke 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dorresteijn LD Marres HA Bartelink H Kappelle LJ Boogerd W Kappelle AC 《Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde》2005,149(23):1249-1253
A man (78 years) and a woman (55 years) experienced one-sided weakness and a woman (61 years) had language-expression problems between 4 and 37 years after having received radiotherapy for carcinoma of the larynx. All three patients had a significant degree of stenosis of the carotid artery. In two patients angioplasty and stenting was carried out. It was decided not to operate or stent the younger woman as her right internal carotid artery was occluded. No new symptoms developed in any of the patients. Radiation-induced stroke is not an uncommon disorder after radiotherapy for a laryngeal carcinoma in the past. The interval between radiation treatment and occurrence of stroke varies, but after a follow-up period of more than 5 years the risk of stroke is significantly increased. In the first instance the work-up should be similar to that in stroke patients with classical age-related atherosclerosis. However treatment of symptomatic radiation-induced carotid stenosis is often a challenge due to fibrotic changes and alterations of the anatomical layers within the radiation field. Screening and modification of additional cerebrovascular risk factors is recommended before radiation treatment is started, in order to prevent worsening of atherosclerotic changes. 相似文献
110.