全文获取类型
收费全文 | 436篇 |
免费 | 30篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 9篇 |
妇产科学 | 34篇 |
基础医学 | 30篇 |
口腔科学 | 2篇 |
临床医学 | 70篇 |
内科学 | 30篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1篇 |
神经病学 | 92篇 |
特种医学 | 18篇 |
外科学 | 41篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
预防医学 | 41篇 |
药学 | 8篇 |
肿瘤学 | 80篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 13篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 11篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 34篇 |
2011年 | 29篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 38篇 |
2007年 | 27篇 |
2006年 | 25篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有466条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Michele Morin Doody Martha S. Linet Andrew G. Glass Gary D. Friedman Linda M. Pottern John D. Boice Jr Joseph F. Fraumeni Jr 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》1992,3(5):449-456
The role of selected prior medical conditions in the etiology of hematopoietic malignancies was examined in a case-control study of members of two regional branches of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program (USA). Past history of chronic infectious, autoimmune, allergic, and musculoskeletal disorders was abstracted from medical records for leukemia (n = 299), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, n = 100), and multiple myeloma (n = 175) cases and matched controls (n = 787). Little difference was found between cases and controls for most of the chronic conditions evaluated, including sinusitis, carbuncles, urinary tract infections, pelvic infections, herpes zoster, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, bursitis, and gout. Only three statistically significant elevated risks were found, i.e., with combined disc disease myeloma among patients with prior eczema and disk and other musculoskeletal conditions, and NHL following tuberculosis. Only two of these associations showed consistent patterns by sex and geographic region (myeloma with eczema and with musculoskeletal conditions). While prior history of eczema and musculoskeletal conditions may slightly increase risk of myeloma, this study provided little if any support for an association of chronic infectious, autoimmune, allergic, and musculoskeletal conditions with subsequent occurrence of the leukemias or NHL. Additionally, these data did not support a role for chronic antigenic stimulation, as defined in previous epidemiologic studies, in the etiology of hematopoietic malignancies.Ms Doody and Drs Linet, Pottern, Boice, and Fraumeni are with the Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, National Cancer Institute. Dr Glass is with the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northwest Region, Portland, Oregon, USA. Dr Friedman is with the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northern California Region, Oakland, California, USA. Address correspondence to Ms Doody, Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Executive Plaza North, Room 408, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. This research was supported in part by National Cancer Institute contracts NO1-CP-01047, NO1-CP-01054, NO1-CP-11009, NO1-CP-11037, NO1-CP-31035, and NO1-CP-61006. 相似文献
2.
T T Chen T A Lane M C Doody M R Caudle 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》1992,28(1):43-50
Macrophages and their secretory products, cytokines, play an integral role in many reproductive processes. In this study we examined the effect of conditioned media from cultured human peritoneal macrophages on progesterone production by granulosa cells and the role of calcium in this process. Macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations of a calcium channel blocker (verapamil) or a calcium ionophore (A23187). Macrophage-conditioned media (MCM) or cell-free media that contained calcium channel modifiers were added at three dose levels to cultured porcine granulosa cells. Progesterone production and LH receptor content were determined. Macrophage-conditioned media alone elevated basal progesterone production, but significantly attenuated granulosa cell LH receptor content. These effects were neither potentiated nor suppressed by pretreating macrophages with verapamil. However, production of the LH receptor lowering factor(s) appeared to be suppressed by calcium ionophore. We conclude that (1) one or more factors produced by macrophages have a net stimulatory effect on basal progesterone production and these factor(s) may not be calcium-dependent and (2) macrophage-derived secretory products reduce granulosa cell LH receptor content. The production of these factor(s) may be calcium-dependent. 相似文献
3.
4.
Warwick MM Doody GA Lawrie SM Kestelman JN Best JJ Johnstone EC 《Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry》1999,66(5):628-632
OBJECTIVES: Cognitive impairment has been reported in people with sex chromosome aneuploides (SCAs) and it has been proposed that the presence of an extra sex chromosome may have an adverse effect on neurodevelopment. This study examines the hypothesis with structural MRI of the brain. METHODS: Thirty two subjects with SCA (XXX (n=12), XYY (n=10), and XXY (n=10)) from a birth cohort study were matched groupwise for age, parental social class, and height with normal controls (13 female, 26 male). Brain MRI, measurements of IQ, and a structured psychiatric interview were performed. RESULTS: The XXX females and XXY males had significantly smaller whole brain volumes than controls of the same phenotypic sex (p=0.003 and p=0.05 respectively). The XXY group also had bilaterally enlarged lateral ventricles (p=0.05). No significant differences were found between the XYY group and controls. IQ scores in all SCA groups were lower than in the control groups. CONCLUSIONS: The main result of reduced brain volumes in XXX and XXY subjects, but not in XYY subjects, indicates that the presence of a supernumerary X chromosome has a demonstrable effect on brain development. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
Estrogen replacement therapy for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: a randomized controlled trial. Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Mulnard RA Cotman CW Kawas C van Dyck CH Sano M Doody R Koss E Pfeiffer E Jin S Gamst A Grundman M Thomas R Thal LJ 《JAMA》2000,283(8):1007-1015
CONTEXT: Several reports from small clinical trials have suggested that estrogen replacement therapy may be useful for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) in women. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether estrogen replacement therapy affects global, cognitive, or functional decline in women with mild to moderate AD. DESIGN: The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted between October 1995 and January 1999. SETTING: Thirty-two study sites in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 120 women with mild to moderate AD and a Mini-Mental State Examination score between 12 and 28 who had had a hysterectomy. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized to estrogen, 0.625 mg/d (n = 42), or 1.25 mg/d (n = 39), or to identically appearing placebo (n = 39). One subject withdrew after randomization but before receiving medication; 97 subjects completed the trial. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was change on the Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) 7-point scale, analyzed by intent to treat; secondary outcome measures included other global measures as well as measures of mood, specific cognitive domains (memory, attention, and language), motor function, and activities of daily living; compared by the combined estrogen groups vs the placebo group at 2, 6, 12, and 15 months of follow-up. RESULTS: The CGIC score for estrogen vs placebo was 5.1 vs 5.0 (P = .43); 80% of participants taking estrogen vs 74% of participants taking placebo worsened (P = .48). Secondary outcome measures also showed no significant differences, with the exception of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, which suggested worsening among patients taking estrogen (mean posttreatment change in score for estrogen, 0.5 vs 0.2 for placebo; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Estrogen replacement therapy for 1 year did not slow disease progression nor did it improve global, cognitive, or functional outcomes in women with mild to moderate AD. The study does not support the role of estrogen for the treatment of this disease. The potential role of estrogen in the prevention of AD, however, requires further research. 相似文献
8.
Rehman KS Bukulmez O Langley M Carr BR Nackley AC Doody KM Doody KJ 《Fertility and sterility》2007,87(5):1041-1052
9.
10.
Simon C Rowan Hanne Jahns Liberty Mthunzi Lucie Piouceau Joanna Cornwell Róisín Doody Stephen Frohlich John J Callanan Paul McLoughlin 《The Journal of pathology》2020,251(2):117-122
The intestinal epithelium is perpetually renewed from a stem cell niche in the base of crypts to maintain a healthy bowel mucosa. Exit from this niche and maturation of epithelial cells requires tightly controlled gradients in BMP signalling, progressing from low BMP signalling at the crypt base to high signalling at the luminal surface. The BMP antagonist gremlin 1 (Grem1) is highly expressed by subepithelial myofibroblasts adjacent to the intestinal crypts but its role in regulating the stem cell niche and epithelial renewal in vivo has not been explored. To explore the effects of Grem1 loss in adulthood following normal growth and development, we bred mice (ROSA26CreER-Grem1 flx/flx) in which Grem1 could be deleted by tamoxifen administration. While Grem1 remained intact, these mice were healthy, grew normally, and reproduced successfully. Following Grem1 depletion, the mice became unwell and were euthanised (at 7–13 days). Post-mortem examination revealed extensive mucosal abnormalities throughout the small and large intestines with failure of epithelial cell replication and maturation, villous atrophy, and features of malabsorption. Bone marrow hypoplasia was also observed with associated early haematopoietic failure. These results demonstrate an essential homeostatic role for gremlin 1 in maintaining normal bowel epithelial function in adulthood, suggesting that abnormalities in gremlin 1 expression can contribute to enteropathies. We also identified a previously unsuspected requirement for gremlin 1 in normal haematopoiesis. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 相似文献