晶状体蛋白αB对卵巢癌细胞恶性行为的影响

目的 研究晶状体蛋白αB(αB-crystallin)在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其对卵巢癌细胞SKOV3增殖及迁移侵袭能力的影响.方法 免疫组织化学法检测人正常卵巢组织和上皮性卵巢癌组织中αB-crystallin表达;针对蛋白αB-crystallin的基因(CRYAB基因)设计合成靶向小干扰RNA(smallinterfering RNA,siRNA)重组慢病毒,并感染人卵巢浆液性乳头状囊腺癌细胞株SKOV3;流式细胞仪、平板克隆、MTT检测细胞凋亡和增殖;Transwell检测细胞迁移和侵袭能力;Western blot检测基质金属蛋白酶-2 (MMP-2)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达.结果 αB-crystallin在卵巢癌组织中表达高于正常卵巢组织,在Ⅱ型卵巢癌组织中呈明显高表达(P＜0.01),稳转CRYAB siRNA慢病毒后SKOV3细胞内αB-crystallin蛋白表达降低64％,其凋亡和增殖无明显改变,但SKOV3细胞迁移和侵袭能力明显受到抑制(P＜0.01),同时蛋白MMP-2和MMP-9表达下调(P＜0.01).结论 αB-crystallin能够影响卵巢癌SKOV3细胞浸润转移,其在Ⅱ型卵巢癌组织中的高表达可能与其高侵袭潜能相关.     

基于立体MDT模式引导下2型糖尿病患者临床护理路径的构建与应用

目的 构建基于立体MDT模式引导下2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者临床护理路径,旨在使临床护理工作流程化、路径化.方法 以住院患者需求调查表与患者舒适度调查表为横断面调查工具,对2018年1月～11月在我院内分泌科接受住院治疗的80例T2DM患者的护理需求、满意度及舒适状况进行横断面调查,为基于立体MDT模式引导下T2DM患...     

Vitamin Supplementation Protects against Nanomaterial-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Damages: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

The extensive applications of nanomaterials have increased their toxicities to human health. As a commonly recommended health care product, vitamins have been reported to exert protective roles against nanomaterial-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. However, there have been some controversial conclusions in regards to this field of research. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the roles and mechanisms of vitamins for cells and animals exposed to nanomaterials. Nineteen studies (seven in vitro, eleven in vivo and one in both) were enrolled by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. STATA 15.0 software analysis showed vitamin E treatment could significantly decrease the levels of oxidants [reactive oxygen species (ROS), total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA)], increase anti-oxidant glutathione peroxidase (GPx), suppress inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, IgE), improve cytotoxicity (manifested by an increase in cell viability and a decrease in pro-apoptotic caspase-3 activity), and genotoxicity (represented by a reduction in the tail length). These results were less changed after subgroup analyses. Pooled analysis of in vitro studies indicated vitamin C increased cell viability and decreased ROS levels, but its anti-oxidant potential was not observed in the meta-analysis of in vivo studies. Vitamin A could decrease MDA, TOS and increase GPx, but its effects on these indicators were weaker than vitamin E. Also, the combination of vitamin A with vitamin E did not provide greater anti-oxidant effects than vitamin E alone. In summary, we suggest vitamin E alone supplementation may be a cost-effective option to prevent nanomaterial-induced injuries.     

磁共振检查辅助隐匿性宫颈癌的诊断及处理6例临床病例报道

目的：探讨磁共振检查（magnetic resonance imaging,MRI）对隐匿性宫颈癌的诊断价值。方法：收集6例绝经晚期宫颈癌患者、有性交出血或阴道流血病史、临床高度怀疑为宫颈浸润癌,但常规宫颈癌三阶梯检查资料（细胞学检查、阴道镜检查及宫颈组织活检）多次未找到病理学“浸润癌”的证据,盆腹腔MRI明确显示宫颈浸润癌,经手术后病理证实。结果：6例患者MRI图像上均找到明确宫颈肿瘤,肿瘤与宫颈基质、子宫内膜及宫旁脂肪有良好的对比,MRI测量肿瘤大小与手术后测量结果符合率为88.5%[（2.370±1.109） cm vs. （2.250±1.084） cm,P ＞0.05]。结论：因价格因素,MRI尚未纳入宫颈癌诊断的常规检查,但对于绝经后阴道流血等有明确症状、常规三阶梯检查未找到病理依据,而临床高度怀疑宫颈浸润癌患者,辅助MRI能直观、准确显示宫颈癌病灶大小及侵犯范围,有利于及时明确诊断,制定适宜的治疗方案。     

深圳市学龄前儿童血清K+、Na+、Cl-、TCa、TCO2、FBG、CRP干化学法测定参考区间调查

目的：调查深圳市学龄前期（3～6周岁）健康儿童干化学法血清钾离子（kalium ion,K+）、钠离子（natrium ion,Na+）、氯离子（chlorine ion,Cl-）、总钙（total calcium,TCa）、总二氧化碳（total carbon dioxide,TCO2）、空腹血糖（fasting blood glucose,FBG）、C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）的参考区间。方法：通过随机分层抽样选取3～6周岁体检儿童,筛选出839名健康儿童抽取静脉血,用美国强生VITROS 350干式化学分析仪进行检测并分析结果。结果：本市学龄前期健康儿童K+、Na+、Cl-、TCa、TCO2、FBG、CRP的参考区间分别为3.8～4.9、136～146、102～110、2.29～2.63、20～28、4.0～6.1 mmol/L、0～7 mg/L。结论：建立起本地区学龄前期健康儿童干化学法血清K+、Na+、Cl-、TCa、TCO2、FBG、CRP项目的参考区间,可为本地区儿童相关疾病的诊疗提供更准确的实验依据。     

Retinal flavoprotein fluorescence correlates with mitochondrial stress, apoptosis, and chemokine expression

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction occur before apoptosis in many retinal diseases. Under these conditions, a larger fraction of flavoproteins become oxidized and, when excited by blue-light, emit green flavoprotein fluorescence (FPF). In this study, we evaluated the utility of FPF as an early indicator of mitochondrial stress, pre-apoptotic cellular instability, and apoptosis of human retinal pigment epithelial (HRPE) cells subjected to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) or monocytes (unstimulated or interferon-γ-stimulated) in vitro and of freshly-isolated pieces of human and rat neural retina subjected to H₂O₂ex vivo. Increased FPF of HRPE cells exposed to H₂O₂ correlated with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and increased apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. HRPE cells co-cultured with monocytes had increased FPF that correlated in a time-dependent manner with reduced ΔΨm, increased apoptosis, and early expression of pro-inflammatory chemokines, interleukin-8 (IL8) and monocyte chemotactic factor-1 (MCP1), which are known to be induced by oxidative stress. Increased FPF, reduced ΔΨm, and upregulation of IL8 and MCP1 occurred as early as 1–2 h after exposure to stressors, while apoptosis did not occur in HRPE cells until later time points. The antioxidant, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), inhibited increased FPF and apoptosis of HRPE cells subjected to H₂O₂. Increased FPF of human and rat neural retina also correlated with increased apoptosis. This study suggests that FPF is a useful measure of mitochondrial function in retinal cells and tissues and can detect early mitochondrial dysfunction that may precede apoptosis.     

妊娠期和哺乳期抗乙肝病毒药物治疗的安全性

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染呈世界性流行,母婴传播是我国HBV感染的主要传播途径,育龄期女性常常面对妊娠期和哺乳期的抗病毒治疗问题。本文通过检索国内外数据库文献,综述了目前我国所有批准用于抗乙肝病毒感染药物（包括干扰素α、拉米夫定、替比夫定、替诺福韦酯、恩替卡韦、阿德福韦酯和恩曲他滨）在妊娠期和哺乳期使用的安全性数据和经验,依次从胎盘转运、动物生殖毒性和致畸性研究、人类妊娠期使用经验、药物乳汁分泌及人类哺乳期使用经验4方面进行阐述。其中替诺福韦和替比夫定研究资料相对较多,动物研究未发现致畸性,人类妊娠期使用也未见出生缺陷发生率增加,可作为妊娠期抗HBV治疗的选择。拉米夫定在妊娠期应用广泛（HIV治疗）,未发现出生缺陷发生率增加,故也可作为妊娠期抗HBV治疗的选择之一。     

HPLC同时测定小蓟配方颗粒中蒙花苷和芹菜素的含量

目的 建立HPLC同时测定小蓟配方颗粒中蒙花苷和芹菜素含量的方法。方法 采用Diamonsil-C₁₈（4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm）色谱柱,以乙腈-1%冰醋酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速：1.0 ml·min^-1,检测波长：335 nm,柱温：30℃。结果 蒙花苷和芹菜素进样量分别在0.3~1.5 μg（r=0.999 4）和0.075~0.375 μg（r=0.999 7）内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;加样回收率分别为99.19%和99.12%,RSD分别为1.27%和1.26%。结论 该方法操作简便,重复性好,可用于小蓟配方颗粒中蒙花苷和芹菜素的含量测定。     

针刺委中穴对轻中度腰痛局部温度变化的影响

目的:利用红外热成像仪观察针刺委中穴、曲泉穴及非经非穴对轻中度腰痛患者腰部局部的温度变化响。方法:2016年11月至2017年3月从北京中医药大学的在校学生中招募腰痛ODI评分为50%以下的轻中度腰痛受试者75例,随机分观察组(针刺委中穴)25例、对照组1(针刺曲泉穴)25例、对照组2(针刺非经非穴)25例。分别利用红外热成像仪观察针刺前、针刺后2 min、5 min、10 min、15 min、20 min、25 min、30 min、出针后5 min的腰部局部温度变化。结果:3组受试者在针刺过程中腰部温度均有不同程度的变化,针刺委中组相对于针刺曲泉组和非经非穴组温度升高的时间长,升高的总例数高于其他组(P0.05),温度升高节段多聚集在L3~5。结论:针刺委中及腘膝部其他穴位均能使腰部局部温度升高,但委中组温度升高幅度大、持续时间长。     

顺铂联合紫杉醇分次给药抑制卵巢癌细胞SKOV3的种群恢复

目的：比较顺铂（cisplatin,CDDP）与紫杉醇（paclitaxel,PTX）不同的给药方案对卵巢癌细胞种群恢复的影响。方法：（1）CDDP、PTX或CDDP联合PTX分别于第1天（D1）或D1及D8处理卵巢癌SKOV3细胞;（2）倒置显微镜观察不同处理组中,SKOV3细胞凋亡与种群恢复的情况;（3）CCK-8法分别测定不同处理组在D7和D21时SKOV3细胞的吸光度（absorbance,A）值。结果：（1）单用CDDP组中,单次给药组与分次给药组相比较,二者对SKOV3细胞的凋亡与种群恢复的影响无明显差异（P=0.970）;（2）单用PTX组中,与单次给药组相比,分次给药组明显抑制了SKOV3细胞的种群恢复（P=0.000）;（3）CDDP联合PTX组中,分次给药组较单次给药组对SKOV3细胞的种群恢复明显抑制（P=0.000）,并且在分次给药组中,CDDP联合PTX组较单用PTX组明显抑制SKOV3细胞的种群恢复（P=0.000）。结论：CDDP联合PTX分次给药较单次给药可能通过抑制卵巢癌细胞的种群恢复从而抑制卵巢癌的耐药或复发。