Patterns of transcription factor programs and immune pathway activation define four major subtypes of SCLC with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities

1. Download : Download high-res image (242KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

化妆品相关皮肤不良反应512例临床特点及致病成分分析

【摘要】 目的 分析化妆品相关皮肤不良反应的临床特点及主要致病成分，为化妆品不良反应起到预警作用并提供客观的风险评估依据。方法 收集2018年3月至2019年10月在重庆市中医院门诊就诊的512例化妆品不良反应可疑患者，男14例，女498例，通过填写统一制定的化妆品不良反应报告卡，记录患者的病史资料和所使用化妆品的相关信息；对其中103例（男3例，女100例）进行化妆品原物斑贴试验及化妆品成分斑贴试验，结合48和72 h斑贴试验结果综合判定并汇总分析。结果 512例可疑化妆品不良反应病例中，主要表现类型为接触性皮炎（495例，96.7%）。化妆品不良反应的皮损形态主要为红斑501例（97.9%）、丘疹313例（61.1%）、水肿249例（48.6%）、鳞屑166例（32.4%）；症状主要为瘙痒480例（93.8%），其次为灼热感359例（70.1%）和紧绷感297例（58.0%）。103例化妆品成分斑贴试验显示，阳性71例，最易引起化妆品不良反应的变应原分别为硫柳汞（31例，30.1%）、十二烷基硫酸钠（29例，28.2%）、秘鲁香脂（17例，16.5%）、布罗波尔（12例，11.7%）及三乙醇胺（10例，9.7%）。将化妆品变应原系列分为14个类别，阳性率前4位的类别分别为乳化剂54例（45.8%）、防腐剂47例（39.8%）、芳香剂17例（14.4%）和表面活性剂10例（8.5%）。2例男性和69例女性斑贴试验阳性，男女阳性率差异无统计学意义（2/3比69/100，χ2 = 0.01，P > 0.05）；18 ~ 29岁组、30 ~ 49岁组及50 ~ 70岁组阳性率分别是34%、34%、32.4%，各组间阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 0.693，P > 0.05）。结论 化妆品不良反应最常见的表现为接触性皮炎，致病成分具有多样性，最易引起化妆品皮肤不良反应的变应原分别为硫柳汞、十二烷基硫酸钠、秘鲁香脂、布罗波尔及三乙醇胺。     

Quantitative Evaluation of Translational Medicine Based on Scientometric Analysis and Information Extraction

Designed to advance the two‐way translational process between basic research and clinical practice, translational medicine has become one of the most important areas in biomedicine. The quantitative evaluation of translational medicine is valuable for the decision making of global translational medical research and funding. Using the scientometric analysis and information extraction techniques, this study quantitatively analyzed the scientific articles on translational medicine. The results showed that translational medicine had significant scientific output and impact, specific core field and institute, and outstanding academic status and benefit. While it is not considered in this study, the patent data are another important indicators that should be integrated in the relevant research in the future.     

门诊输液室健康教育效果观察

目的 探讨在门诊输液室加强健康教育,提高输液患者的遵医行为,提高患者对疾病相关知识的知晓率,调高患者对护理服务质量的满意度,改善护患关系.方法 选择212例输液患者随机分为观察组和对照组各106例.对照组采用常规的输液护理,观察组在常规输液护理的基础上加强健康教育,二组患者对遵医行为的依从性,以及对疾病、药物、及输液知识的知晓率和对护理服务质量的满意度进行比较.结果 观察组的遵医行为,疾病、药物、输液相关知识的知晓率,以及对护理服务质量的满意度明显提高.结论 加强门诊输液室患者的健康教育可以提高患者的遵医行为及相关知识的知晓率,提高输液患者满意度,改善护患关系.     

Effects of perioperative statins on patient outcomes after noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysis

Background: Cardiovascular complications are strongly correlated with a higher risk of mortality during follow-up after noncardiac surgery. However, controversy remains regarding whether perioperative administration of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) has a beneficial effect on patient outcomes.

Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to validate the hypothesis that perioperative statins improve patient outcomes after noncardiac surgery.

Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to 10 November 2017. RCTs were eligible for inclusion if they compared perioperative statin treatment with control treatment in patients scheduled for noncardiac surgery and reported data pertaining to clinical outcomes.

Results: Twelve RCTs involving 4707 patients (2371 in the perioperative statin group and 2336 in the control group) were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. The incidences of postoperative myocardial infarction, composite of death/myocardial infarction/stroke and new cases of atrial fibrillation were all lower in patients treated with statins than in control group patients, as shown by the fixed-effects model (odds ratio (OR)?=?0.460, 95% confidence interval (CI)?=?0.324–0.653, p?=?0 for myocardial infarction; OR?=?0.617, 95% CI?=?0.476–0.801, p?=?0 for composite of death/myocardial infarction/stroke; OR?=?0.406, 95% CI?=?0.247–0.666, p?=?0 for new atrial fibrillation). No significant differences in the incidences of stroke or transient ischemic attack, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were observed between the statin and control arms.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that perioperative statins effectively reduce the incidences of postoperative myocardial infarction, composite of death/myocardial infarction/stroke and new cases of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

• Key Messages

• Cardiovascular complications are strongly correlated with a higher risk of mortality during follow-up after noncardiac surgery.

• We performed a meta-analysis to confirm the hypothesis that perioperative statins improve patient outcomes after noncardiac surgery.

     

Effects of Exercise Training on Restless Legs Syndrome,Depression, Sleep Quality,and Fatigue Among Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Context

Hemodialysis (HD) patients experience a heavy symptom burden that leads to a decreased quality of life. Pharmacological treatment is effective but costly and has adverse effects. Exercise is a promising approach for symptom management, but the effect of exercise on restless legs syndrome (RLS), depression, sleep quality, and fatigue in HD patients is still uncertain.

Nickel-foam-supported β-Ni(OH)2 as a green anodic catalyst for energy efficient electrooxidative degradation of azo-dye wastewater

Electrochemical oxidative degradation (EOD) is a particularly promising technique for removing organic pollutants from wastewater. However, due to the high overpotential of EOD in conventional anode materials, the energy cost of EOD is usually very high, which greatly promotes the search for highly active, stable, and energy-efficient anodic catalysts. Herein, we demonstrated that nickel-foam-supported (NF-supported) β-Ni(OH)₂ (NF/β-Ni(OH)₂) prepared via a facile hydrothermal method could be used as an energy efficient anode for EOD. The as-prepared 3D porous NF/β-Ni(OH)₂ exhibited high activity toward the electrochemical oxidation of methyl orange (MO) in the low potential region (<1.07 V vs. SCE). This property differs greatly from those of the conventional anode materials that require a high positive potential to keep them active for EOD, making NF/β-Ni(OH)₂ an energy-efficient and active anode material for EOD. With an oxidation current density of 0.25 mA cm⁻², the decolorization of MO was completed within 30 min, and the COD removal after 3h of reaction was 63.0%. The normalized energy consumption for the 3 h degradation of MO was 22.2 kW h (kg COD)⁻¹, which is only a fraction of (or even one tenth of) the values reported in the literature. Moreover, NF/β-Ni(OH)₂ had a good stability and recyclability for EOD. No activity decay was observed during 10 h of EOD and the COD removal remained almost unchanged after four consecutive reaction cycles. We demonstrated experimentally that the NF/β-Ni(OH)₂ anode could generate large amounts of hydroxyl radicals and that the oxidation of MO by hydroxyl radicals was the main mechanism during EOD. We believe that this work opens a new avenue for developing highly active and energy-efficient anode materials that can work in the low potential region for EOD.

A novel NF/β-Ni(OH)₂ catalyst for energy efficient electrochemical degradation of methyl orange was fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method.