姜黄素与顺铂联合对人肺腺癌A549细胞增殖和凋亡作用

目的:研究姜黄素、顺铂和两者联合应用对人肺癌A549细胞增殖、凋亡和细胞周期的影响。方法:采用MTT法观察姜黄素和顺铂对人肺癌A549细胞增殖的影响;采用流式细胞仪检测姜黄素、顺铂和两者联合应用对人肺癌A549凋亡和细胞周期的影响。结果:①姜黄素及顺铂能抑制人肺腺癌A549细胞的增殖,并呈浓度及时问依赖性;姜黄素10,15,20μmol/L分别与顺铂1,2 mg/L联合24,48,72 h的抑制率显著高于单用顺铂、姜黄素组(均为P<0.05),两者呈现出相加的抗瘤效果。②姜黄素和顺铂均可在一定程度上诱导细胞凋亡,并且凋亡率与浓度呈正相关。两种药物联用后,诱导细胞凋亡作用显著增强。③姜黄素将细胞周期阻滞在G2/M期(P<0.01),顺铂将细胞周期阻滞在S期(P<0.01)。结论:姜黄素、顺铂均可抑制人肺癌A549细胞的增殖、诱导细胞的凋亡,在一定浓度范围内,呈量-效关系,而且两者联合应用具有相加或协同作用。     

山羊颈椎次全切除减压非融合后生物力学特性

目的 探讨山羊颈椎次全切除减压非融合后生物力学特性.方法 选取成年雄性山羊6只造模(模型组),术前行颈椎X线检查,排除骨性结构异常,并测量节段性Cobb角(SCA)和颈椎Cobb角(CCA)于C4行颈椎次全切除术,并植入可动人工颈椎(ACV).术后行颈椎正侧位X线检查,再次测量SCA和CCA.术后6个月处死山羊,并以6...     

Congenital biliary dilatation may consist of 2 disease entities

Background/Purpose

This study aims to establish the possible mechanisms of pathogenesis of congenital biliary dilatation and to classify the disease accordingly.

Methods

Radiologic features of congenital biliary dilatation and pancreaticobiliary malunion in 107 affected children were examined and correlated with laboratory results. Relative lengths/diameters were calculated to provide comparison between children of different ages. Intraluminal pressures of common bile duct (CBD) were measured intraoperatively.

Results

The minimal relative diameters of distal CBD negatively correlated with the maximal relative diameters/lengths of dilated CBD, the maximal relative diameters of common hepatic duct, and left/right hepatic ducts. The intraluminal pressure in patients with a stenotic distal CBD (stenotic group) was significantly higher than that in patients with a nonstenotic distal CBD (nonstenotic group). The narrower the distal CBD, the more deranged the liver function. Conversely, serum/bile amylase levels were more elevated in the nonstenotic group. Common channel protein plugs were only found in the nonstenotic group, whereas common hepatic duct strictures, intrahepatic duct dilatations, and calculi were detected more frequently in the stenotic group.

Conclusion

We propose to categorize congenital biliary dilatation into 2 subgroups: (1) cystic type with stenotic distal CBD associated with deranged liver function and common hepatic duct stricture and (2) fusiform type with nonstenotic distal CBD associated with pancreatitis and common channel protein plugs. Different underlying pathologies of each group require different operative strategies.     

胃癌患者应用加速康复外科治疗的安全性及有效性研究

目的观察快速康复外科（FFS）治疗在胃癌手术患者中的安全性和有效性。方法80例胃癌患者行D2根治切除手术,分为两组,每组40例。传统对照组采用传统的围手术期处理方法;FTS组采用TIS程序治疗,主要措施包括缩短患者术前的禁食时间,术前口服含碳水化合物的液体,不放置鼻胃减压管,使用生物蛋白胶封闭手术创面,不放置腹腔引流管,术后早期口服饮食,加强术后止痛,尽早下床活动等。观察比较两组手术及术后住院时间、营养状态、肠道功能、并发症发生及费用等情况。结果FT组与传统对照组相比,术后住院时间缩短,治疗费用减少,术后肠排气时间提前,停止静脉输液时间提前,手术后体重下降减轻,以上指标两组差异均有统计学意义。FTS组术后并发症的发生率并未增加。结论胃癌患者按FTS治疗安全、有效,可以减少住院时间与治疗费用,加速患者的康复。     

Time-dependent effects of electroacupuncture at the Ren channel on extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in focal cerebral ischemia rats

BACKGROUND: The onset of focal cerebral ischemia activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, regulates cell cycle, promotes cell proliferation and differentiation, and affects the normal stage and function of brain cells.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at the Ren channel on extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in the lateral cerebral ventricle wall of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. The effects were analyzed at different time points after intervention.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Department of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University. MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing (250±10) g were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Medical College of Sun Yat-Sen University. The animal experiment was conducted with confirmed consent by the local ethics committee. The GB6805-Ⅱ electric acupuncture apparatus was provided by Shanghai Medical Equipment High-techno Company. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University, from February to July 2007. All experimental animals were randomly divided into the following groups: normal group (n = 6), sham operation group (n = 18), model group (n = 18), and electroacupuncture group (n = 18). Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed in the model group and electroacupuncture group. Zea Longa's grading standard was used to assess neurological impairment after reperfusion; animals whose grades were between 1 and 4 were included in this study. The normal control group was not exposed to MCAO. In sham operation animals, the right common carotid artery (CCA) was isolated, and the external carotid artery (ECA) was damaged, but no embolism was induced. The electroacupuncture group was given acupuncture on the second day after surgery. The acupoint locations were chosen according to Experimental Acupuncture (People's Publishing House; 1997; First Edition). The Chengjiang, Qihai, and Guanyuan acupoints were labeled and connected to a G6805 electroacupuncture apparatus with sparse-dense waves (sparse waves were 30 Hz, dense waves were 100 Hz), with a frequency of 6-15 V. The duration was 20 minutes. Two days after surgery, the model and sham operation groups were placed with their backs on the operating table, but they received no acupuncture. However, the normal group received acupuncture. The experimental animals under anesthesia were sacrificed on days 7, 14, and 28 post-surgery. Western blot analysis was used to measure expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall. Expression was measured in the normal group at time points corresponding to the sham operation group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall at different time points after intervention.RESULTS: All 60 rats were included in the final analysis, without any loss. Seven days after MCAO, there was no significant difference in extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in the electroacupuncture group compared to the model group (P > 0.05). However, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression significantly increased in the model group at 14 and 28 days after treatment (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture at the Ren channel can enhance extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 expression in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. However, this effect is not apparent until 14 days after electroacupuncture intervention.     

不同消融方式对房颤患者的治疗现状

近年来随着介入技术的不断发展，心房颤动（房颤）的治疗已逐步由药物治疗转向介入治疗，尤其对于药物治疗效果差和症状持续性房颤患者，介入治疗可作为首选。目前存在的治疗房颤的导管消融方式有射频消融术、冷冻消融术、脉冲场消融等。本文旨在对不同消融方式在房颤患者中的治疗现状作一概述。     

JZTX-IV, a unique acidic sodium channel toxin isolated from the spider Chilobrachys jingzhao

Neurotoxins are important tools to explore the structure and function relationship of different ion channels. From the venom of Chinese spider Chilobrachys jingzhao, a novel toxin, Jingzhaotoxin-IV (JZTX-IV), is isolated and characterized. It consists of 34 amino acid residues including six acidic residues clustered with negative charge (pI=4.29). The full-length cDNA of JZTX-IV encodes an 86-amino acid precursor containing a signal peptide of 21 residues, a mature peptide of 34 residues and an intervening sequence of 29 residues with terminal Lys-Gly as the signal of amidation. Under whole-cell patch clamp conditions, JZTX-IV inhibits current and slows the inactivation of sodium channels by shifting the voltage dependence of activation to more depolarized potentials on DRG neurons, therefore, differs from the classic site 4 toxins that shift voltage dependence of activation in the opposite direction. In addition, JZTX-IV shows a slowing inactivation of sodium channel with a hyperpolarizing shift of the steady-state inactivation on acutely isolated rat cardiac cell and DRG neurons, differs from the classic site 3 toxins that do not affect the steady-state of inactivation. At high concentration, JZTX-IV has no significant effect on tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium channels on rat DRG neurons and tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) sodium channels on hippocampal neurons. Our data establish that, contrary to known toxins, JZTX-IV neither binds to the previously characterized classic site 4, nor site 3 by modifying channel gating, thus making it a novel probe of channel gating in sodium channels with potential to shed new light on this process.     

观察早期卵裂和原核消失在体外受精-胚胎移植周期中的应用价值

目的:观察早期卵裂和原核消失在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)治疗中的应用价值。方法:①对行IVF-ET治疗的210例239个周期,于受精后18～19h观察受精情况,25～26h观察早期卵裂与原核消失情况,66～68h再进行1次胚胎观察,了解其临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率。②根据移植胚胎中有无早期卵裂或原核消失将患者分为:早期卵裂或原核消失组(139例152个周期)与无早期卵裂或原核消失组(71例87个周期),比较两组优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率。结果:①临床妊娠率为42.7%,胚胎种植率为28.9%。②发生早期卵裂的胚胎在受精后第3日的优质胚胎率高于未发生早期卵裂的胚胎(P<0.01);发生2原核消失(2PNBD)胚胎在受精后第3日的优质胚胎率又高于2原核(2PN)持续存在的胚胎(P<0.01)。③有早期卵裂或原核消失组的优质胚胎率(75.5%)、临床妊娠率(44.7%)和胚胎种植率(29.5%)分别高于无早期卵裂或原核消失组(P<0.01)。在早期卵裂或原核消失组,随移植胚胎中发生早期卵裂或原核消失的胚胎数目增加,妊娠率及多胎妊娠率有增加趋势。④受精25～26h,有0.95%的2PN合子变成≥3PN合子;1.37%的2PN合子变成1PN合子;0.83%的1PN合子变成2PN合子。结论:早期卵裂和原核消失可以作为选择移植胚胎的一个指标,可作为辅助生殖技术实验室常规观察项目,提高IVF-ET成功率。     

2003～2007中医药抗癌国际合作探索

近年来,国际上传统与现代结合医学发展非常迅速,其中中国传统医学是其主要的部分。自2003年2月开始,复旦大学附属肿瘤医院和美国德克萨斯州大学安德生肿瘤中心开展了旨在共同建立国际中医癌症治疗中心的国际合作。结果发现,中医学走向国际化存在着必然性和艰巨性。结论认为,要使中医学更快、更顺利地走向世界,首先要了解和解决中医目前存在的问题和困惑。其次,要坚持四个原则:1.科学态度第一原则;2.中医理论主导原则;3.开放与创新原则;4.多学科协作原则。中医学中理论精华,例如阴阳和谐(平衡)、辨证论治、脏腑五行生克、天人相应(合一)、谨守病机、上工治未病等以人为本治疗疾病重要理念必将为世界医学作出重大的贡献。     

Ureterocele in adults. Five case reports

The authors report five cases of ureterocele during six years. Mean age of the patients was 34.2 +/- 11.1 years. There were four female and one male. Pain (N = 3) and dysuria (N = 3) were the most common symptoms at examination. Diagnosis was made by ultrasound (N = 3), IVU (N = 3) or cystoscopy (N = 1). Ureteroceles were bilateral in four cases, unilateral in one case and were always intravesical with single ureter. Two patients presented lithiasis enclosed in the ureterocele. Only four patients had been operated. Surgical treatment was ureterocelectomy with ureteral reimplantation according to Cohen procedure. With mean follow-up of 10.6 +/- 4.7 months results were stable without complications.