葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞生物学作用的比较研究

目的 对比葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响。方法 将小鼠骨髓基质干细胞定向诱导分化为成骨细胞，取第3、4代细胞，以rhBMP-2为阳性对照，MTT法观察葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞的增殖作用，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）比活性测定及钙结节计数观察葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞分化的影响。结果 20μg／ml的淫羊藿甙可显著促进成骨细胞的增殖；20μg／ml淫羊藿甙及50μg／ml葛根素均能提高成骨细胞的碱性磷酸酶活性，并使矿化结节的形成明显增多。结论 淫羊藿甙不仅能促进成骨细胞的分化，还能增强其增殖能力，而葛根素主要是通过刺激分化来增强成骨细胞的活力。     

Effects of the 532-nm and 1,064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers on collagen turnover of cultured human skin fibroblasts: a comparative study

Cultured human skin fibroblasts were irradiated twice successively with the 1.5 J/cm² of 532-nm and 1,064-nm lasers, respectively. The mRNA of procollagen, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) were analyzed at 24 and 48 h post-irradiation by using RT-PCR. Both lasers significantly increased the expression of type I and III procollagen, TIMP1, and TIMP2, but decreased MMP1 and MMP2 expression. The 1,064-nm laser initiated TGF-β expression while the 532-nm laser elicited the increase of Hsp70 and IL-6. The increase/decrease rates of procollagen, TIMPs and MMPs for the 1,064-nm laser were higher than that of the 532-nm laser. Thus, both lasers effectively accelerated collagen synthesis and inhibited collagen degradation. Collagen synthesis induced by the 1,064-nm laser might be partly due to the upregulation of TGF-β expression, while the increase of Hsp70 and IL-6 might be partly responsible for collagen synthesis stimulated by the 532-nm laser. With the parameters used in this study, the 1,064-nm infrared laser is more effective in promoting the beneficial molecular activities than the 532-nm visible laser.     

阿帕替尼和替吉奥对结肠癌治疗效果的系统评价和Meta分析

目的通过系统评价和Meta分析探讨阿帕替尼与替吉奥对比治疗结肠癌的有效性和安全性。方法以"阿帕替尼""替吉奥""结肠癌""等为中文关键词,以"Apatinib""Tegafur""Colon cancer"等为英文关键词,检索PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、维普数据库、万方数据知识服务平台,时间限制在从建库到2020年12月。评价阿帕替尼和替吉奥对结肠癌的总体疗效,结肠癌进展和无进展生存期的差异。研究采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果Meta分析结果显示,阿帕替尼与替吉奥对结肠癌的疗效相比,部分缓解+稳定的差异没有统计学意义(RR=1.10,95%CI,0.71~1.71,P=0.640),在结肠癌进展方面的差异没有统计学意义(RR=0.51,95%CI:0.28~1.32,P=0.205),在无进展生存期方面阿帕替尼组大于替吉奥组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=0.90,95%CI;0.42~1.37,P<0.0001)。结论相较于替吉奥,阿帕替尼用于治疗结肠癌患者能明显延长无进展生存期,总体生存效益有所提高。     

Segmental neurofibromatosis and malignancy

Segmental neurofibromatosis is an uncommon variant of neurofibromatosis type I characterized by neurofibromas and/or café-au-lait macules localized to one sector of the body. Although patients with neurofibromatosis type I have an associated increased risk of certain malignancies, malignancy has only occasionally been reported in patients with segmental neurofibromatosis. The published reports of patients with segmental neurofibromatosis who developed malignancy were reviewed and the characteristics of these patients and their cancers were summarized. Ten individuals (6 women and 4 men) with segmental neurofibromatosis and malignancy have been reported. The malignancies include malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (3), malignant melanoma (2), breast cancer (1), colon cancer (1), gastric cancer (1), lung cancer (1), and Hodgkin lymphoma (1). The most common malignancies in patients with segmental neurofibromatosis are derived from neural crest cells: malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and malignant melanoma. The incidence of malignancy in patients with segmental neurofibromatosis may approach that of patients with neurofibromatosis type I.     

Association of CD26 with CD45RA outside lipid rafts attenuates cord blood T-cell activation

CD26 is a T-cell activation antigen that contains dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity and binds adenosine deaminase. Recent work showed that specialized membrane microdomains, also known as lipid rafts, play a key role in T-cell signaling. In this study, we investigate the role of CD26 in cord blood T-cell activation and signal transduction. We demonstrated that different expression levels of CD26 were observed between cord blood T cells (CBTCs) and peripheral blood T cells (PBTCs) and that CD26(+)CD45RA(+) CBTCs were different compared with CD26(+)CD45RA(+) PBTCs. Moreover, the comitogenic effect of CD26 was not as pronounced in CBTCs as in PBTCs. We also showed that CD26 cross-linking induced less phosphorylation of T-cell receptor-signaling molecules, lymphoid T-cell protein tyrosine kinase (Lck), zeta-associated protein 70 (ZAP-70), T-cell receptor zeta (TCRzeta), and linker for activator of T cells (LAT) in CBTCs than in PBTCs. Furthermore, CD26 molecules associated with CD45RA molecules outside lipid rafts in CBTCs. Our results suggest that strong physical linkage of CD26 with CD45RA outside lipid rafts may be responsible for the attenuation of T-cell activation signaling through CD26, which may be responsible for immature immune response and the low incidence of severe graft-versus-host disease in cord blood transplantation.     

原位聚合酶链反应技术检测结节性红斑皮损中Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒DNA

目的　探讨结节性红斑（ Ｅ Ｎ） 的发病与Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒（ Ｈ Ｓ Ｖ２） 的关系。方法　用原位聚合酶链反应法（ Ｉ Ｓ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ） ,对３５ 例 Ｅ Ｎ 皮损组织及１４ 例正常皮肤组织切片中的 Ｈ Ｓ Ｖ２ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 进行扩增, Ｓ Ｐ 免疫组化染色, Ａ Ｅ Ｃ 显色。结果　 Ｈ Ｓ Ｖ２ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 在 Ｅ Ｎ 及正常皮肤中的检出率分别为５７ ．１ ％ （２０／３５） 、８ ．３ ％ （２／１４） , Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１ ,阳性信号主要位于皮损部位,以小血管为著,细胞内的分布以核内型为主,亦有核浆混合型。结论　 Ｅ Ｎ 的发病与 Ｈ Ｓ Ｖ２ 有关。     

基于系统动力学的我国执业(助理)医师需求预测模型研究

目的:以我国执业(助理)医师队伍为研究对象,对我国医师需求系统进行系统动力学预测模型构建,并预测2023—2035年我国执业(助理)医师的需求数量,进而提出推进执业(助理)医师合理配置的政策建议。方法:通过整理相关领域研究成果,总结执业(助理)医师的需求数量影响因素,绘制因果关系图和流图,建立模型的动态反馈结构,利用MATLAB软件选取GM(1,1)灰色模型法、样条插补法、曲线拟合法、移动平均预测法对模型中的需求关键因素进行参数估计。结果:通过文献资料分析发现,执业(助理)医师数量的影响因素主要包括经济、社会、人口、机构4大类因素。本研究构建的系统动力学模型包括1个存量、2个流量、21个辅助变量,执业(助理)医师存量的历史性检验结果显示,2011—2020年该指标的平均绝对百分比误差为1.911。2023—2035年我国执业(助理)医师存量将从440.025万人增长到563.073万人,千人口执业(助理)医师数量从3.08人上升到4.02人,执业(助理)医师需求数量将从481.532万人增长到469.109万人,千人口执业(助理)医师需求数量从3.22人上升到4.64人。结论:以历史数...     

Biophysical, histological and biochemical changes after non-ablative treatments with the 595 and 1320 nm lasers: a comparative study

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The objective was to compare the efficiencies of the 595 nm pulsed dye and the 1320 nm Nd : YAG laser non-ablative rejuvenation. METHODS: KM mice were irradiated with the 595 nm pulsed dye and the 1320 nm Nd : YAG lasers. Histological changes were evaluated immediately, 1, 7, 21, 30 and 60 days after the two laser treatments. Skin hydration and hydroxyproline content were measured to quantify the degree of improvement of the skin's water-holding capacity and the rate of hydroxyproline synthesis. RESULTS: Although not statistically significant, the 1320 nm Nd : YAG laser treatment induced 9.7% greater improvement of skin hydration than the 595 nm laser while the 595 nm pulsed dye laser treatment led to a thicker dermis and 8.7% greater increase of hydroxyproline than the 1320 nm laser. More than 50% increase of collagen type I was observed in 75% of 595 nm laser-treated sites and 42% of 1320 nm laser-treated sites, and more than 25% increase of collagen type III was observed in 75% of 595 nm laser-treated sites and 50% of 1320 nm laser-treated sites. The 595 nm laser treatment was better in increasing the amount of collagen fibers, especially collagen type I (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that the 595 nm laser appeared to be more effective in increasing new collagen formation, while the 1320 nm laser was superior to the 595 nm laser in improving the skin's water-holding capacity.     

高效液相色普法测定兔灌胃后血清中百草枯浓度及其变化特征

目的 探索建立高效液相色谱法（HPLC）在测定兔血清中百草枯浓度的可行性,并观察不同剂量 百草枯灌胃后兔血清浓度的经时变化情况。方法 12 只家兔按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组6 只,分别灌胃 给予100 mg/kg（高剂量组）和20 mg/kg（低剂量组）百草枯,于给药后1、2、5、12、24、48 及72 h 采集血 清,血清用乙腈直接沉淀蛋白处理后进行高效液相测定。色谱柱条件：流动相为0.1 mol/L 磷酸缓冲液（含 12.5 mmol/L 庚烷磺酸钠）- 乙腈（90 ︰ 10,TFA 调pH=2.8）,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为258 nm,柱温为 30℃。结果 所建立的方法在0.2 ～ 100.0 mg/L 浓度范围内线性关系良好（r =0.999）。相对回收率在97.82% ～ 101.20% 之间,绝对回收率在84.37% ～ 88.80% 之间,日内和日间精密度（RSD）<5%。百草枯血药浓度时间 曲线为单峰,无论是高剂量组还是低剂量组,给药2 h 后其血清浓度达到峰值,之后逐渐下降,其中,高剂量组于 给药后72 h 后检测不出百草枯,低剂量组于药后24 h 检测不出百草枯。重复测量设计的方差分析结果显示, 不同时间点间、不同剂量组间的百草枯浓度及高、低剂量组随时间变化趋势差异有统计学意义。结论 所建 立的HPLC 方法可用于测定兔血清百草枯浓度,不同剂量百草枯兔灌胃后其血清浓度和蓄积的时间与剂量有 关,给药2 h 后血药浓度达峰值。