基于人工智能的高血压性脑出血医疗文本信息自动识别系统

目的 构建基于人工智能的高血压性脑出血医疗文本信息自动识别系统,快速识别和分析患者临床信息,高效地输出正确的诊疗方案。方法 基于国内外最新高血压性脑出血诊疗指南,经多位高年资神经外科医生和专业人工智能团队共同讨论,构建基于语言表征模型和专家模块的高血压性脑出血医疗文本信息自动识别及决策系统（即H系统）。随后将收集到的高血压性脑出血病例分为训练集、测试集和验证集,以数据库中病例的真实治疗方案为金标准,先总体评价H系统的准确性,再将其与神经外科医生进行对比,分析H系统的判读效率。结果 在测试集中,H系统所输出的治疗方案的准确率为94.0%（91.5%~96.5%）,特异度为91.8%（86.3%~97.3%）,灵敏度为95.5%（89.3%~98.2%）,曲线下面积（area under the curve,AUC）值为0.936（0.922~0.950）（P=0.000）;在验证集中,H系统所输出的治疗方案的准确率为93.3%（89.5%~97.1%）,特异度为 89.9%（83.4%~96.4%）,灵敏度为95.8%（92.3%~99.3%）,AUC值为0.928（0.891~0.966）（P=0.000）。在处理同样的70例病例时,H系统用时（334.60±4.46）s,而神经外科医生用时（12 550.28±95.45）s;在50 min内,H系统处理的病例数为（383±3）例,而神经外科医生处理的病例数为（11±4）例。结论 本研究所构建的H系统能够对高血压性脑出血患者的急诊病例进行自动识别和分析,并快速输出准确的诊疗方案,可协助医生对高血压脑出血进行急诊诊疗。     

白藜芦醇抑制喉癌Hep-2细胞系的生长

目的:研究白藜芦醇对喉癌细胞系Hep-2细胞生长的抑制作用。方法:在显微镜下计算细胞密度,MTT法绘制细胞生长曲线并计算细胞生长抑制率,利用软琼脂集落形成实验在倒置纤维镜下观察白藜芦醇处理Hep-2细胞前后细胞形态学变化及计算集落形成率。结果:各浓度的白藜芦醇均可使细胞生长曲线降低,细胞倍增时间延长。白藜芦醇也可以明显抑制Hep-2细胞形成集落,并发现白藜芦醇对细胞形态的影响与药物的剂量有明显的关系。结论:白藜芦醇对喉癌细胞系Hep-2细胞生长的抑制具有时间和剂量依赖性。     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶C677T基因多态性与2型糖尿病合并冠心病的关系

目的 研究同型半胱氨酸代谢关键酶亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase,MTHFR）基因C677T多态性与糖尿病合并冠心病发病的关系,探讨MTHFR是否为糖尿病合并冠心病的易感基因。方法 研究对象包括105名糖尿病合并冠心病的患者（合并组）、88名单纯糖尿病患者（糖尿病组）和91名健康人。应用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶长度多态性方法（PCR—RFLP）检测MTHFR C677T基因多态性,同时检测血浆同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,Hcy）、叶酸、维生素B12、各种血脂。结果 合并组与糖尿病组比,等位基因频率差异有统计学意义（Х^2=6．8,P〈0．05）,合并组T等位基因的OR值为1．638（95％ CI,1．082～2．479）,基因型频率差异亦有统计学意义（Х^2=5．481,P〈0．05）。Logistic回归分析显示MTHFR 677携带T基因（CT＋TT）的OR值为2．68（95％ CI,1．233—5．824）。结论 MTHFR 677携带T基因与2型糖尿病合并冠心病发生独立相关。检测MTHFR 677位点基因特点可能为糖尿病合并冠心病的预防以及个体化治疗提供新思路、新方法。     

解毒通络方通过TGF-β1/Smad和ROCK通路对大鼠心肌纤维化的改善作用

目的:探讨解毒通络方在大鼠心肌纤维化进程中的作用,并阐明其作用机制.方法:30只SPF级Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、卡托普利组、低剂量解毒通络方组和高剂量解毒通络方组(n=6),以5 mg·kg-1盐酸异丙肾上腺素皮下注射法复制大鼠心肌纤维化模型,卡托普利组、低剂量解毒通络方组和高剂量解毒通络方组大鼠分...     

Exclusion Diets in Functional Dyspepsia

Functional dyspepsia represents one of the most common and prevalent disorders of the brain–gut interaction, with a large number of widespread risk factors being identified. With an intricate pathogenesis and symptomatology, it heavily impacts the quality of life and, due to the limited efficacy of traditional pharmacological agents, patients are likely to seek other medical and non-medical solutions to their problem. Over the last few years, significant research in this domain has emphasized the importance of various psychological therapies and nutritional recommendations. Nevertheless, a correlation has been established between functional dyspepsia and food intolerances, with more and more patients adopting different kinds of exclusion diets, leading to weight loss, restrictive eating behaviour and an imbalanced nutritional state, further negatively impacting their quality of life. Thus, in this systematic review, we aimed at analysing the impact and efficiency of certain exclusion diets undertook by patients, more precisely, the gluten-free diet and the low-FODMAP diet.     

Characterization of erenumab and rimegepant on calcitonin gene-related peptide induced responses in Xenopus Laevis oocytes expressing the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor and the amylin-1 receptor

BackgroundThe clinical use of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRP-R) antagonists and monoclonal antibodies against CGRP and CGRP-R has offered new treatment possibilities for migraine patients. CGRP activates both the CGRP-R and structurally related amylin 1 receptor (AMY₁-R). The relative effect of erenumab and the small-molecule CGRP-R antagonist, rimegepant, towards the CGRP-R and AMY-R needs to be further characterized.MethodsThe effect of CGRP and two CGRP-R antagonists were examined in Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human CGRP-R, human AMY₁-R and their subunits.ResultsCGRP administered to receptor expressing oocytes induced a concentration-dependent increase in current with the order of potency CGRP-R> > AMY₁-R > calcitonin receptor (CTR). There was no effect on single components of the CGRP-R; calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity-modifying protein 1. Amylin was only effective on AMY₁-R and CTR. Inhibition potencies (pIC₅₀ values) for erenumab on CGRP induced currents were 10.86 and 9.35 for CGRP-R and AMY₁-R, respectively. Rimegepant inhibited CGRP induced currents with pIC₅₀ values of 11.30 and 9.91 for CGRP-R and AMY₁-R, respectively.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that erenumab and rimegepant are potent antagonists of CGRP-R and AMY₁-R with 32- and 25-times preference for the CGRP-R over the AMY₁-R, respectively. It is discussed if this difference in affinity between the two receptors is the likely reason why constipation is a common and serious adverse effect during CGRP-R antagonism but less so with CGRP binding antibodies.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10194-022-01425-9.     

中药方剂缓解育龄女性子宫切除后更年期症状的研究

目的:探讨中药方剂缓解育龄女性子宫切除后更年期症状的效果及作用机理。方法:选取因子宫良性病变行子宫全切术的病例98例随机分为2组,分别为观察组、对照组。观察组术后在西医抗炎、止血、补液治疗的基础上配合中药方剂治疗。对照组术后只行西医抗炎、止血、补液治疗。结果:2组术后2个月,对其进行更年期临床症状测定,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中药方剂缓解育龄女性子宫切除后更年期症状的效果有可行性且效果颇佳。     

重庆地区梅毒螺旋体基因分型及其临床相关性研究

目的：调查重庆地区梅毒螺旋体基因亚型的分布,初步探讨基因亚型与临床相关性。方法：收集2010年6月至2013年10月重庆地区421例梅毒标本,用巢式PCR检测梅毒螺旋体DNA多聚酶I基因（DNA polymerase I gene,polA）,然后扩增阳性标本酸性重复蛋白基因（acid repeat protein,arp）和苍白密螺旋体重复家族基因（treponema pallidum repeat,tpr）及TP0548基因,分别根据Pillay标准基因分型和三基因分型法进行分型,利用双侧Fisher’s exact test进行数据统计分析,初步探讨不同基因亚型与血清固定、梅毒复发和吉海反应的相关性。结果：163例标本polA PCR检测阳性,arp、tpr基因和TP0548基因亚型分别以14型、d型和f型为主。正规驱梅治疗12月后,32例患者血清固定,其中tpr基因d型（1１例）、a和b型（各2例）和f型（1例）;3例患者梅毒复发,其中TP0548基因c型（2例）和f型（1例）;8例发生吉海反应,其中14f/f（4例）,14d/f（3例）和未分型（1例）。结论：重庆地区梅毒螺旋体以14、d和f型为优势型。梅毒血清固定可能与tpr基因b型相关,14f/f基因型的二期梅毒患者易发生苄星青霉素治疗后的吉海反应。     

针刺治疗2型糖尿病100例疗效观察

目的　观察针刺治疗糖尿病的疗效。方法　对 10 0例患者在适当饮食控制的基础上 ,电针脾俞、肾俞、肺俞、胃脘下俞、足三里、内关、三阴交、合谷、血海 ,并辨证加减。结果　治疗后患者空腹血糖值下降 ,与治疗前比 ,P<0 .0 5 ,有显著差异 ;症状明显者由治疗前的 85 %下降到治疗后的 4 %。结论　针刺能降低糖尿病患者空腹血糖 ,在改善临床症状方面亦有明显效果。