Resolution of pancreatic ascites with octreotide

A 7 month old infant with pancreatitis and ascites was managed successfully with subcutaneous octreotide and external drainage of a pseudocyst. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic examination showed no congenital abnormality and was consistent with chronic pancreatitis. Octreotide has a possible therapeutic role in pancreatic ascites.     

Growth in CHARGE association

Growth data is shown from 44 children (aged 0.5-18 years; 27 boys, 17 girls) with CHARGE association. Children had a normal birth weight and length, but in infancy there was a fall in centiles. Children remained small and there was pubertal delay in boys. Close monitoring of growth with early detection and intervention is recommended.     

Galactocele: three distinctive radiographic appearances

Three radiographic appearances of galactocele of the breast not, to our knowledge, described previously in the literature were studied in 11 patients. Mammary nodules with distinct and separate hydro-fat levels were observed in five cases. A nodule containing mixed water and fat densities was seen in one patient, while in the five remaining patients, pneumocystograms revealed masses of a water density mixed with the injected air.     

甘草叶中黄酮类成分的化学研究

自甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)的叶中分离到四个黄酮类化合物。根据理化性质,光谱(UV,MS,¹HNMR)数据分析,分别确定结构为3,5,7,3′,4′-五羟基-5′-异戊烯基黄酮(Ⅰ),3,6,7,3′,4′-五羟基-2′-异戊烯基黄酮(Ⅱ),5,7,3′,4′-四羟基-5′-异戊烯基二氢黄酮(Ⅲ)和槲皮素-3,3′-二甲醚(Ⅳ)。其中,Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ是新化合物,分别命名为乌拉尔醇(uralenol),新乌拉尔醇(neouralenol)和乌拉尔宁(uralenin)。Ⅳ在本属植物中为首次发现。Ⅲ为甘草叶中的主要黄酮类成分。本文解释了B环某些裂解碎片丰度与异戊烯基和氧取代基相对位置的关系。     

Adsorption of Inorganic and Organic Ions to Polycarbophil as a Means of Sustained-Release Dosage Formulation

The adsorption and desorption of drugs and inorganic ions to and from polycarbophil (PC), a polymer, were investigated to determine if PC would be a suitable carrier for sustained-release dosage formulations. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments with a polycarbophil–atropine sulfate complex demonstrated the gradual-release properties of this system. Adsorbed Cr³⁺ ions, like atropine, are released slowly. In contrast, ⁵¹CrO₄ ^2– ions are predominantly bound in an irreversible manner. A third group of drugs minimally adsorbed to PC under the conditions studied. We conclude that PC under both in vitro and in vivo conditions is able to bind certain ions and drugs and then release them over a period of time in a predictable and repeatable manner.     

Very late presentation of vertically transmitted HIV-1 infection

We describe a 13-year-old boy with a very late presentation of vertically transmitted HIV-1 infection. The mother, an intravenous drug user before pregnancy, was diagnosed with AIDS in 1987 when the boy was 6 years old. HIV infection in her son was never suspected or investigated. No other risk factors for this infection can be attributed to the boy. On diagnosis of the infection the boy had moderately severe respiratory symptoms, as classified in category B2 of the 1994 paediatric HIV infection definition, and virological replicalive kinetics and the phenotype have been determined. Standard AZT therapy has improved the clinical symptoms, with negativization of plasma p24 Ag and HIV RNA. Clinicians should be aware of this form of presentation of HIV-1 infection to avoid further delay of proper therapy.     

Women, drug control and the law

Legal regulation of drugs in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has tended to centre on the criminalization of the production, supply, possession, purchase, use and abuse of drugs, in which women and men are generally treated similarly. Women have, however, received differential legal treatment in the context of their role as mothers, where drug use can result in what may be considered the ultimate sanction against drug use for a woman: the loss of custody of a child vis-à-vis another parent or guardian, an adopter or even the State. Even drug use prior to the birth of the child can be relevant.     

阿托品对兔胸主动脉平滑肌收缩和细胞增殖的影响

用兔胸主动脉条研究Atr,Ver对CaCl₂,Atr对KCI量—效反应的影响。观察到Atr和Ver能抑制2种激动剂所致兔主动脉条的收缩,量一效曲线右移,最大反应降低,其pD₂值分别为4.4和5.8。两药也能明显抑制NE依内Ca²⁺性收缩,Atr对NE依外Ca²⁺性收缩影响较小,说明Atr主要对细胞外Ca²⁺经PDC所致的收缩有抑制作用。在兔ASMC培养中,有Ca²⁺时,Atr抑制ASMC增殖,无Ca²⁺时,Atr 20.6～185.2 μmol/L表现刺激增殖,555.7～1666.7 μmol/L则抑制MSMC增殖,说明Atr对ASMC作用也与Ca(2+)有关。     

Flow cytometric light scattering analysis, acrosome reaction, reactive oxygen species production and leukocyte contamination of semen preparation in prediction of fertilization rate in vitro

The effects on fertilization of the morphology of spermatozoa, acrosome reaction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leukocyte contamination and the light scattering in flow cytometry of semen preparation were investigated in 73 couples undergoing their first in- vitro fertilization treatment. All men had normal concentrations of spermatozoa with sufficient motility (> or = 50%) and yield (> or = 6 x 10(6)) in the semen preparation on the day of oocyte retrieval. The light scattering properties of all cells present in the semen preparation, as assessed with flow cytometry, were correlated with fertilization. The proportion of metaphase I oocytes was also correlated with the fertilization rate of all collected oocytes and of metaphase II oocytes. ROS production, leukocyte contamination, spontaneous or calcium ionophore-stimulated acrosome reaction, percentage of normal morphology, and multiple anomalies index had no independent contribution.