甲状腺~(99)Tc~mO_4~-显像冷结节的临床诊断价值

目的　探讨甲状腺99TcmO-4 显像冷结节对不同性质甲状腺疾病的诊断价值。方法　采用静脉注射99TcmO-4 185MBq ,2 0min后甲状腺前位静态显像 ,采集总计数 1× 10 6。显像显示甲状腺结节局部放射性分布缺损或低于正常甲状腺组织则定性为冷结节。结果　 34 2例甲状腺99TcmO-4 显像发现冷结节 85例 ,发生率为2 4.9% ,85例冷结节中 ,37例 (4 3.5 % )为甲状腺瘤 ,15例为甲状腺癌 (17.6 % ) ,2 0例 (2 3.5 % )为结节性甲状腺肿 ,8例 (9.4% )为甲状腺炎 ,4例 (4 .7% )为单纯性甲状腺囊肿 ,1例 (1.3% )为甲状腺外肿物。结论　冷结节在甲状腺99Tcm O-4 显像时较为常见 ,且不同性质甲状腺疾病的冷结节及其周围组织有一定的特征性表现 ,因此99TcmO-4显像冷结节对甲状腺腺瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状腺囊肿、甲状腺炎等常见疾病具有较高的临床价值。     

体外诱导条件下大鼠骨髓基质细胞骨钙素和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA的表达

目的　研究体外培养大鼠骨髓基质细胞诱导条件下 ,成骨分化标志骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA水平的表达。方法　采用成骨诱导剂 (含地塞米松 10 - 8mol/ L、β甘油磷酸钠 10 mm ol/ L和抗坏血酸 AA 5 0μg/ml)对培养状态下的不同代大鼠骨髓基质细胞进行成骨诱导 ,提取 RNA,采用 RT- PCR方法 ,以β-肌动蛋白 c DNA为内参照 ,检测骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA的表达。结果　与对照组相比 ,接受成骨诱导剂作用的大鼠骨髓基质细胞随诱导时间的延长骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA出现高表达 ,且维生素 D为诱导骨钙素 m RNA表达的必需成分。结论　体外培养的大鼠骨髓基质细胞保持成骨未分化状态 ,无骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA的表达 ,诱导后可向成骨分化 ,骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA表达升高     

分瓶法测定果蝇吸入麻醉药半数麻醉有效浓度

目的　建立测定果蝇吸入麻醉药半数麻醉有效浓度 (ED50 )的方法学。方法　在 11个 32 5ml的三角烧瓶中各放入 30只雄性果蝇 ,分别加入不同容量的异氟醚标准气 ,使 11个烧瓶中异氟醚浓度分布在零效应浓度与百分之百效应浓度之间。以果蝇失去附壁及运动能力为标准计算各瓶中被麻醉果蝇数 ,用正规法计算出ED50 。结果　 11次实验在 2 5及 5 0min时的量 -效关系曲线均呈S形 ,用各自的对数浓度与概率单位作图都呈直线相关 ,相关系数分别为 0 .972± 0 .0 14和 0 .971± 0 .0 2 5 ,ED50 值分别为 (0 .5 1± 0 .0 6 8) %和 (0 .4 7± 0 .0 85 ) % ,变异系数分别为 13.3%和 18.0 %。结论　本法稳定性较好 ,实用可行     

Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Flow Velocity Reserve: A New Method Using Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography

Coronary flow reserve (CFR) has been used toassess coronary microcirculation and epicardial coro-nary stenoses[1— 3 ] . CFR is defined as the ratio ofcoronary flow under maximal coronary vasodilatationto coronary flow under resting conditions[4 ] .Whenthe cross- sectional area of epicardial coronary arteriesis constant,coronary flow velocity (CFV) ratios areequal to volume flow ratios.The most common method used clinically formeasuring CFVR is intracoronary Doppler flow(ICD) analysis re…     

Diagnostic Accuracy of Cervical Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions Is Improved With MIB-1 Immunostaining.

There is considerable interobserver variation in the diagnosis of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion that involves mature squamous epithelium. Our aim was to evaluate the utility of MIB-1 immunostaining as an adjunct test to increase diagnostic accuracy. Consecutive cervical biopsies originally diagnosed as normal (n = 26) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (n = 23) were reviewed by three pathologists to obtain a consensus diagnosis. MIB-1 immunostaining was performed, and positive staining was defined as a cluster of at least two stained nuclei in the upper two thirds of the epithelial thickness. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection was performed using a polymerase chain reaction assay. All cases were subsequently reclassified as low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) or normal (NL) when two or three of three gold standard criteria were satisfied (LSIL gold standard criteria = consensus diagnosis of LSIL, HPV+, MIB-1+; NL gold standard criteria = consensus diagnosis of NL, HPV-, MIB-1-). Using the gold standard diagnoses, we have identified that 14 normal cases (36%) were originally overdiagnosed as LSIL, and one LSIL case (10%) was originally underdiagnosed as normal. All MIB-1-positive cases were HPV+ and identified as LSIL in the consensus review. All MIB-1-negative cases were NL by gold standard criteria. The sensitivity (1.0) and the specificity (1.0) of MIB-1 staining for identifying LSIL were superior to the sensitivity (0.9) and the specificity (0.8) of HPV testing. In conclusion, MIB-1 is a highly sensitive and specific marker for identifying low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and is helpful in verifying the diagnosis of equivocal cases.     

β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠免疫功能的比较研究

就β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠的免疫功能影响进行了比较研究。结果显示β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对外磷酰胺造成的免疫功能低下具有不同程度的改善作用，提高胸腺和脾脏指数，增强脾脏细胞对刀豆素A（ConA）的反应性和NK活性，血清溶菌酶含量也有所增加。综合各项指标，9-顺式和全反式混合物的作用最明显，提示一定浓度的9-顺式对于提高β-胡萝卜素对机体的总体作用是有一定意义的。     

晶体玻璃体视网膜联合手术治疗复杂性视网膜脱离

目的探讨玻璃体视网膜手术（ｖｉｔｒｅｒｅｔｉｎａｌｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ＶＲ术）联合晶体切除／超声粉碎的效果。方法对８１例（８１只眼）应用晶体玻璃体视网膜联合手术（ｌｅｎｔｉｃｕｌａｒ－ｖｉｔｒｅｏｒｅｔｉｎａｌｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ＬＶＲ术）治疗的复杂性视网膜脱离进行回顾性分析。结果解剖性成功者６４只眼（７９．０１％），功能性成功者４５只眼（５５．５６％）；手术成功率显著降低的原因是前部增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｖｉｔｒｅｏ－ｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＰＶＲ）（成功率４２．８６％，Ｐ＜０．０１）和术中／术后眼内出血（成功率５８．８２％，Ｐ＜０．０２５）。结论ＬＶＲ术是治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的主要方法；显著影响手术预后的因素是前部ＰＶＲ和术中／术后眼内出血。     

职业性萘暴露工人的健康监护结果评价

目的：讨论萘对人体的慢性毒效应和亚临床客观检测指标。方法：对河南省萘暴露工人（环境接触萘浓度平均为８．２５～２６．４３ｍｇ／ｍ３）进行了健康监护和医学动态观察。结果：发现长期萘暴露工人的白细胞、血小板减少及眼晶体混浊检出率显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）；血清ＳＯＤ同功酶、ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活性显著低于对照组，而ＬＰＯ水平、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（ＮＳＥ）活性水平以及外周血染色体畸变和微核阳性检出率均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。神经行为功能检查结果，主要为消极情绪增加，记忆力下降等。事件相关电位Ｐ３００峰潜伏期比对照组显著延长，与对照组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：慢性低浓度萘暴露对工人主要损害部位（靶器官）有皮肤，眼、血液和神经组织等。ＮＣＴＢ、ＮＳＥ、Ｐ３００三项可作为早期神经受损的客观指标。     

混合Poisson分布及其应用：疾病的统计分布（五）

本文讨论了混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布的性质、应用条件、参数的估计及混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布阶数的确定，指出混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布可用于混合样本的判别归类，并用Ｂａｙｅｓ的思想导出其判别归类方法。模拟试验结果表明：当混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布中各部分的比例相差不大，而各部分的均值相差较大时，抽样效果和拟合效果越好，所得到的估计值越接近理论值；反之效果越差。