脑卒中急性期白细胞反应及临床意义

脑卒中急性期大多数患者白细胞增多，表现为中性粒细胞计数与白细胞总数增高，脑出血组白细胞增高姓率高于脑梗塞组，而中性粒细胞增高发生率二组间无差别，外周血白细胞增高与临床神经功能缺损程度评分有密切关系，中性粒细胞计数越高，近期神经功能预后则越差。     

肾病综合征患儿血红细胞磷脂过氧化氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力的研究

本文对１７例肾病综合征（ＮＳ）患儿和１５例健康对照组儿童血红细胞磷脂过氧化氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＰＨＧＰｘ）活力，脂溶性荧光色素（ＬＳＦＰ）含量进行了研究。结果表明，ＮＳ急性期ＰＨＧＰｘ活力明显降低．ＬＳＦＰ含量增加；恢复期ＰＨＧＰｘ活力较急性期明显提高，但仍低于正常对照组，ＬＳＦＰ虽较急性期下降，但仍高于正常对照组。说明ＮＳ存在ＰＨＧＰｘ和ＬＳＦＰ的改变，但可逐渐恢复。     

Zinc, calcium, and magnesium metabolism: effects on plasmacytomas in Balb/c mice

The effects of different amounts of dietary zinc on the Zn absorption rate and on Zn, calcium and magnesium concentrations in tissues of MOPC 104E tumor-bearing Balb/c mice were determined. The Zn absorption rate was inversely related to the amounts of Zn in their diets and was lower than that of nontumor-bearing control mice fed a laboratory mice chow. Zn concentrations of tumor-bearing mice were also low compared with control mice but tumor Zn concentrations, regardless of the concentrations of Zn in the diets, were higher than those of normal tissues of the host other than the pancreas. Ca concentrations in tumor and tissues of tumor-bearing mice were higher than in control animals but Mg concentrations in tissues of tumor-bearing mice appeared to be similar to those of control mice. Results suggest that tumor-bearing mice have a lower intestinal Zn absorption capacity and a higher Zn uptake rate causing other tissues to become hypozincemic and hypercalcemic.     

Detection of cell apoptosis by MTT assay.]

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of using MTT assay to detect cell apoptosis. METHODS: K562 cells were grown in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% calf serum and 4 micromol/L arsenic trioxide. Apoptosis was induced in the cultured cells by As2O3, and the cells were detected with optical microscope, DNA gel electrophoresis and MTT staining respectively. RESULT: MTT staining could also accurately detect cell apoptosis, by which the apoptotic cells were easily distinguished from normal cells and dead cells. CONCLUSION: MTT staining is simple, convenient and practical for detecting cell apoptosis.     

E838等抗放药对放射损伤防治作用的比较

目的；比较研究E838，WR－2721，盐酸胱胺和炔雌醇等对放射损伤的防治作用及其相互之间的协同作用关系。方法：采用小鼠腹腔注射或灌胃的方法在致伤前或／和致伤后按常用量给药，观察30d存活率，死亡动物平活日和保护系数K的差异。结果：（1）致伤前预防给药，上述4种药物均明显提高了放射损伤的存活率，并延长了死亡动物的平均存活日，其中以E838和WR2721效果最佳；（2）致伤后给药则仅E838和茜草显示了治疗效果；（3）联合用药实验显示所研究的5种配伍用药方式均有较好的防治效果，但以WR2721（防）＋E838（治）效果最好。结论：E838和WR2721与其它抗放药相比具有较理想的辐射防护作用，且E838还有一定的治疗作用,两者合理配伍使用可发挥协同的作用效果。     

Isolation of a rat S100 alpha cDNA and distribution of its mRNA in rat tissues.

In order to clarify the reported discrepancies in S100 alpha protein and mRNA distribution in rat tissues, a rat S100 alpha cDNA has been isolated and this species homologous probe along with a rat S100 beta cDNA probe has been used to examine S100 mRNA expression in rat tissues. Although the rat S100 alpha cDNA was missing approximately 30 nucleotides of coding sequence, only 4 conservative changes in amino acid sequence were observed when the deduced amino acid sequence was compared to the bovine S100 alpha amino acid sequence. Thus, S100 alpha proteins, like S100 beta proteins, are highly conserved among species. All nineteen of the tissues examined (including cerebrum and cerebellum) contained S100 alpha mRNA. In addition, S100 beta mRNA was detected in thirteen of the nineteen tissues examined. These results are in agreement with previous protein distribution studies and further demonstrate that S100 proteins are not brain-specific and are expressed in a large number of tissues. Although S100 alpha and S100 beta mRNAs were detected in rat tissues which had previously been reported to contain S100 alpha and S100 beta protein, a direct correlation between the protein and mRNA levels were not observed, suggesting that different mechanisms regulate S100 expression in various tissues. S100 alpha exhibited a single similar size mRNA species (0.5 Kb) in all tissues examined, as did S100 beta (1.5 Kb), suggesting that the individual S100 proteins are expressed as single mRNA and protein products in rat tissues.     

阴沟肠杆菌超广谱β—内酰胺酶、诱导酶的检出与耐药相关性的分析

目的：了解阴沟肠杆菌超广谱β－内酰胺酶和诱导酶的产生和分布情况。并分析产酶特性和耐药表型的相关性。方法：用纸片扩散确证法和相邻纸片法对104株阴沟肠杆菌进行超广谱β－内酰胺酶及诱导酶的检测，用VITEK全自动药敏分析系统和K－B琼脂扩散法检测其对20种抗生素的耐药性。结果：104例阴沟肠杆菌中，检出超广谱β－内酰胺酶阳性株77株，占74％，诱导酶阳性株26株，占25％，13株两种酶同时阳性。超广谱β－内酰胺酶阳性株主要集中在几个病区，诱导酶阳性株则无此倾向，104株菌对多种怀素高度耐药，产超广谱β－内酰胺酶株的耐药率明显高于非产酶株，产诱导酶株的耐药率反而低于非产酶株。结论：阴沟肠杆菌产酶情况和耐药性均十分严重。多重耐药的主要原因是由于菌株产生超广谱β－内酰胺酶，产酶株对三代头孢的体外敏感试验不能正确反映临床的治疗效果。实验室应加强阴肠杆菌产酶情况的检测，治疗产酶阴沟肠杆菌引起的感染，首选亚胺培南，其次为舒普深，任何情况下应避免使用三代头孢。     

The effect of optical design on micromanipulator spot size using CO2 laser irradiation

Objective: The study goal was to compare the laser spot size created using reflective and refractive micromanipulators with a CO₂ laser and to determine the sensitivity of spot size to laser power. Study Design and Setting: A CO₂ laser and operating microscope (400-mm focal length) was coupled to either a reflective (Cassegrain-like) or refractive micromanipulator. Laser spot size was determined by measuring the region of ablation created by laser irradiation of wood (dry tongue depressors), exposed photographic film, and agar gel using optical micrometry. Laser power varied from 0.5 to 20 W with pulse durations of 0.1 and 0.5 second. Results: The reflective micromanipulator demonstrated overall smaller spot sizes for a given laser power and lower incremental change in spot size with increasing power. The reflective design demonstrated less sensitivity to increases in laser power. Conclusions: Micromanipulator optical design can result in significant differences in laser spot size. The reflective device used in this study demonstrated less sensitivity to increasing laser power. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;126:593-597.)