高血压与腔隙性脑梗塞关系的临床研究

本文对365例原发性高血压患者常规行脑CT扫描，结果示腔隙性脑梗塞的发病率为64．9％。年龄大、病程长、分期重和平均动脉压高者，其发病率增加。提示腔隙性脑梗塞的病因主要是高血压，它的发生和高血压的程度及其持续时间的长短有关。眼底视网膜动脉硬化越严重，腔隙性脑梗塞的发病率越高，表明小动脉病损的程度与腔隙性脑梗塞的发病有很大关系。     

恶性疟原虫FCC1／HN株特异基因片段的克隆及部分序列分析

本研究通过分离、培养恶性疟原虫ＦＣＣ１／ＨＮ分离株，提取、纯化其基因组ＤＮＡ，用ＢａｍＨ１部分酶切，并克隆ｐＵＣ１８载体，转化受体菌株大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０３，用基因组ＤＮＡ探针筛选转化子，对杂交信号最强的克隆片段ｐＨＦ１作部分序列分析，在国内首次明确恶性疟原虫ＦＣＣ１／ＨＮ特异ＤＮＡ部分序列。ｐＨＦ１克隆片段约１．２ｋｂ，两端分别测定了３２８和２７１个碱基。Ｇ＋Ｃ含量为２６．８％，并有较多的酶切位点，便于作亚克隆，该序列还可用作ＤＮＡ探针或ＰＣＲ扩增模板有较大实用价值。     

Potent bombesin antagonists with C-terminal Leu-psi(CH2-N)-Tac-NH2 or its derivatives.

Various pseudononapeptide bombesin (BN)-(6-14) antagonists with a reduced peptide bond (CH2-NH) between positions 13 and 14 can suppress the mitogenic activity of BN or gastrin-releasing peptide in 3T3 fibroblast cells and small cell lung carcinoma. In the search for more potent BN antagonists, 10 modified nonapeptide BN antagonists containing N-terminal D-Phe, D-Cpa, and D- or L-Tpi and C-terminal Leu-psi(CH2-N)-Tac-NH2, Leu-psi(CH2-N)-MeTac-NH2, or Leu-psi(CH2-N)-Me2Tac-NH2 have been synthesized by incubating [13 psi 14,CH2-NH,Cys14]BN-(6-14) or [13 psi 14-CH2-NH,Pen14]BN-(6-14) with formaldehyde or acetaldehyde (Cpa = 4-chlorophenylalanine, Tac = thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, Tpi = 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H- pyrido[3,4-b]indol-3-carboxylic acid, and Pen = penicillamine). The biological activities of these compounds were then evaluated. [D-Phe6,13 psi 14,CH2-N,Tac14]BN-(6-14) (RC-3950-II) and [D-Phe6,13 psi 14,CH2-N,Me2Tac14]BN-(6-14) (RC-3985-II) exhibited greater potency in inhibition of 125I-labeled [Tyr4]BN binding to Swiss 3T3 cells than their parent compounds [D-Phe6,13 psi 14,CH2-NH,Cys14]BN-(6-14) (RC-3950-I) and [D-Phe6,13 psi 14,CH2-NH,Pen14]BN-(6-14) (RC-3985-I). The order of binding affinities of these compounds was as follows: [13 psi 14,CH2-N,Tac14]BN-(6-14) > [13 psi 14,CH2-N,Me2Tac14]BN-(6-14) > [13 psi 14,CH2-N,MeTac14]BN-(6-14). In most cases, the analogs with C-terminal Leu-psi(CH2-N)-Tac-NH2 were also more potent growth inhibitors of 3T3 cells than compounds containing C-terminal Leu-psi(CH2-N)-Me2Tac-NH2 or Leu-psi(CH2-N)-MeTac-NH2. The best BN antagonists of this series, RC-3950-II and [D-Cpa6,13 psi 14,CH2-N,Tac14]BN- (6-14) (RC-3925-II), inhibited gastrin-releasing peptide-stimulated growth of Swiss 3T3 cells with IC50 values of 1 nM and 6 nM, respectively. Since antagonists of this class inhibit growth of various tumors in animal cancer models, some of them may have clinical applications.     

免疫抑制酸性蛋白单克隆抗体MI2体外抗肿瘤作用的观察

作者采用ＭＴＴ比色法观察了本室自制免疫抑制酸性蛋白单克隆抗体ＭＩ＿２的体外抗肿瘤作用。结果表明：ＭＩ＿２在浓度为７．８１ｍｇ／Ｌ时即可明显抑制胃癌细胞株ＳＧＣ７９０１的生长（抑制率７．５％±２．４％Ｐ＜０．０１），并见剂量依赖性表现；在ＬＡＫ细胞与ＳＧＣ７９０１胃癌细胞的效靶比为１０：１时，加入１．９５ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＩ＿２即可明显增强ＬＡＫ细胞的细胞毒作用（增强效应为２０６．３％Ｐ＜０．０１），其作用也呈剂量依赖性表现。作者还发现ＭＩ＿２的这种抗肿瘤作用与补体无关。     

丙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞中丙型肝炎病毒复制的研究

９例临床诊断为丙型肝炎患者，研究其外周血单核细胞中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的存在及复制。９例患者血清标本抗－ＨＣＶ及ＨＣＶＲＮＡ均为阳性，采用高敏感的逆转录一套式ＰＣＲ法测定其外周血单核细胞中ＨＣＶ正、负链ＲＮＡ，结果９例患者外周血单核细胞中７例ＨＣＶ正链ＲＮＡ阳性，３例ＨＣＶ负链ＲＮＡ阳性，证实部分丙肝患者外周血单核细胞中存在ＨＣＶ的复制，表明肝细胞并非为ＨＣＶ感染与复制的唯一场所。     

广东省三水市华支睾吸虫病的防治研究

１９８６－１９８８年和１９９０－１９９２年分别在本市董永区和官元区，以反复查治病原方法防治华支睾吸虫病，并对中间宿主及保虫宿主进行调查。经两次查治后，人群华支睾感染率董永区从４３．６％降为１３．２％，官元区从７８．５％降为３６．３％。当地第一中间宿主是长角涵螺，第二中间宿主是鲸鱼和鳊鱼。在猫粪便中发现华支睾吸虫虫卵，在狗和猪胆管内均发现华支睾吸虫卵及成虫。     

慢性肝病与乙型,丙型肝炎病毒感染关系的探讨

采用ELISA法对25例慢性肝炎,105例肝硬化,64例肝癌以及8例急性黄疸型肝炎进行了HBV标志物及抗-HCV的检测.结果:HBV感染率为80.6%,抗-HCV检测阳性率为46%,二者均阳性的双重感染率为32%.其中肝癌组双重感染明显高于肝硬化组P<0.001.单纯抗-HCV检出率为10.8%,说明HBV是引起肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌的主要病因,而HCV感染也是致病因素.对有输血史的慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌100例进行抗-HCV检测,其阳性率59%,而102例无输血史的肝病患者抗-HCV检出率为25%,输血组抗HCV检出率明显高于无输血组P<0.001.其中慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌病人输血组抗-HCV检出率亦明显高于无输血组,各组P<0.001.故提示:HCV感染与输血有密切关系.50例HBV标志物阴性的健康献血员抗-HCV阳性率为6%.     

Coinduction of glucose-regulated proteins and doxorubicin resistance in Chinese hamster cells

The glucose-regulated protein (GRP) system in mammalian cells is induced by glucose deprivation, anoxia, the calcium ionophore A23187, and 2-deoxyglucose. In Chinese hamster ovary cells the major GRPs are approximately equal to 76, 97, and 170 kDa. Removal of each of these four GRP-inducing stresses leads to the coordinate repression of GRPs and induction of the major heat shock proteins at 70 and 89 kDa. The application of each of these four GRP-inducing conditions leads to a significant induction of resistance to the drug doxorubicin. Removal of each GRP-inducing condition results in the rapid disappearance of this resistance in a manner that correlates with the repression of the GRPs. The retention of doxorubicin by GRP-induced cells does not explain the induced drug resistance. When the RIF in vitro/in vivo tumor system is probed with an antibody against the 76-kDa GRP, a significant increase in this GRP is observed in cells obtained from the central regions of tumors. Since hypoxia and/or nutrient deprivation can occur during tumor development, a GRP-induced state in the tumor may confer resistance to doxorubicin treatment.     

Double-balloon enteroscopy for mesenchymal tumors of small bowel:Nine years’ experience

AIM:To assess the value of double-balloon enteroscopy(DBE) for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors(GIMTs) in the small bowel and clarify their clinical and endoscopic characteristics.METHODS:A retrospective review in a total of 783 patients who underwent a DBE procedure from January 2003 to December 2011 was conducted.Data from patients with pathologically confirmed GIMTs were analyzed at a single tertiary center with nine years’ experience.The primary outcomes assessed included characteristics of patients with GIMTs,indications for DBE,overall diagnostic yield of GIMTs,endoscopic morphology,positive biopsy,comparison of diagnosis with capsule endoscopy,and subsequent interventional management.RESULTS:GIMTs were identified and analyzed in 77 patients.The mean age was 47.74 ± 14.14 years(range:20-77 years),with 63.6% being males.The majority of individuals presented with gastrointestinal bleeding,accounting for 81.8%,followed by abdominal pain,accounting for 10.4%.Small bowel pathologies were found in 71 patients,the detection rate was 92.2%.The diagnostic yield of DBE for GIMTs was 88.3%.DBE was superior to capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis of GIMTs(P = 0.006;McNemar’s χ2 test).Gastrointestinal stromal tumor was the most frequent and leiomyoma was the second frequent GIMT.Single and focal lesions were typical of GIMTs,and masses with smooth or unsmooth surface were the most common in the small bowel.GIMTs were removed from all the patients surgically except one patient treated with endoscopic resection.CONCLUSION:DBE is a safe and valuable procedure for patients with suspected GIMTs,and it provides an accurate position for subsequent surgical intervention.     

Lymph node metastasis in gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma in male patients

AIM:To reveal the clinicopathological features and risk factors for lymph node metastases in gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma of male patients.METHODS:We retrospective reviewed a total of 146male and female patients with gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma who had undergone curative gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy in the Department of Surgery,Xin Hua Hospital and Rui Jin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School between November2001 and May 2012.Both the surgical procedure and extent of lymph node dissection were based on the recommendations of Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines.Univariate and multivariate analyses of lymph node metastases and the clinicopathological features were undertaken.RESULTS:The rate of lymph node metastases in male patients with gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma was72.1%.Univariate analysis showed an obvious correlation between lymph node metastases and tumor size,gross appearance,differentiation,pathological tumor depth,and lymphatic invasion in male patients.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that tumor differentiation and pathological tumor depth were the independent risk factors for lymph node metastases in male patients.There was an obvious relationship between lymph node metastases and tumor size,gross appearance,differentiation,pathological tumor depth,lymphatic invasion at pN1and pN2,and nerve invasion at pN3in male patients.There were no significant differences in clinicopathological features or lymph node metastases between female and male patients.CONCLUSION:Tumor differentiation and tumor depth were risk factors for lymph node metastases in male patients with gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma and should be considered when choosing surgery.