A controlled study of job strain in primary-treated cancer patients without metastases

To explore job strain in Norwegian primary-treated cancer survivors compared to matched controls from the general population. The study has a cross-sectional, matched case-control design. A sample of 417 employed cancer survivors (208 females with breast cancer and 209 males with testicular or prostate cancer) who had been diagnosed 1-5 years prior to the study and were tumor-free rated themselves on the Demands-Control-Support Questionnaire (DCSQ). Their ratings were compared to those of 417 employed controls from the general population, matched with the survivors on time of investigation, gender, age and municipality of living. No differences in job strain were observed between cancer survivors and controls, or between subgroups of survivors, except that female survivors experienced more strain than males. In certain subgroups statistically significant differences on the DCSQ were found: older survivors showed higher scores on demands than their controls, female survivors reported lower control and higher strain than male survivors, and older male survivors felt higher demands than younger ones. However, the effect sizes of these differences were so small (< 0.20) that they hardly were relevant for the work situation. In multivariate analyses survivorship versus control status was not significantly associated with any of the DCSQ measures. The job strain of these cancer survivors did not differ in any work relevant way from their controls, and survivorship status was not significantly associated with job strain. A longer follow-up of survivors is necessary in order to draw conclusion about the stability of these findings over time.     

Variability in patch test reactions – first report from the Norwegian Patch Test Registry*

Background: A nation‐wide Norwegian Patch Test Registry (NOLAR) was established in 2005 as a collaboration between six dermatology departments. International, multi‐centre studies have documented great variability in the frequency of positive patch test reactions, considered as mainly due to heterogeneity of test populations. Objectives: To analyse the variability of positive test reactions by studying patch tests performed at the six collaborating departments, using standardized procedures. Materials and methods: Data from all patch tests (n = 2089) performed in 2007–2008 as registered in the NOLAR program. Differences between centres were analysed using Exact Pearson χ² test. Results: Between the centres, positive test reactions (+, ++, or +++) varied significantly for 8 of the 26 allergens in the European Baseline Series. When considering strong reactions (++ or +++) only, the differences were statistically significant for six of these allergens, i.e. cobalt chloride, potassium dichromate, p‐phenylenediamine, formaldehyde, paraben mix, and mercaptobenzothiazole. Conclusion: The results indicate regional differences in the prevalence of sensitization to certain allergens within the Norwegian population, although inter‐observer differences cannot be ruled out as a factor.     

Graft type for superior mesenteric and portal vein reconstruction in pancreatic surgery – A systematic review

BackgroundContemporary practice for superior mesenteric/portal vein (SMV-PV) reconstruction during pancreatectomy with vein resection involves biological (autograft, allograft, xenograft) or synthetic grafts as a conduit or patch. The aim of this study was to systematically review the safety and feasibility of the different grafts used for SMV-PV reconstruction.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed and Embase according to the PRISMA guidelines (January 2000–March 2020). Studies reporting on ≥ 5 patients undergoing reconstruction of the SMV-PV with grafts during pancreatectomy were included. Primary outcome was rate of graft thrombosis.ResultsThirty-four studies with 603 patients were included. Four graft types were identified (autologous vein, autologous parietal peritoneum/falciform ligament, allogeneic cadaveric vein/artery, synthetic grafts). Early and overall graft thrombosis rate was 7.5% and 22.2% for synthetic graft, 5.6% and 11.7% for autologous vein graft, 6.7% and 8.9% for autologous parietal peritoneum/falciform ligament, and 2.5% and 6.2% for allograft. Donor site complications were reported for harvesting of the femoral, saphenous, and external iliac vein. No cases of graft infection were reported for synthetic grafts.ConclusionIn selected patients, autologous, allogenic or synthetic grafts for SMV-PV reconstruction are safe and feasible. Synthetic grafts seems to have a higher incidence of graft thrombosis.     

The prevalence of undiagnosed renal failure in a cohort of COPD patients in western Norway

Patients with COPD are at risk for other comorbid diseases, like heart failure, coronary heart disease, and depression. However, little is known about COPD phenotypes and prevalence of sub-clinical renal failure. 433 COPD patients and 233 subjects without COPD, from Western Norway, age 40-75, GOLD stage II-IV, were examined in 2006/07 upon entry to the Bergen COPD Cohort Study. Plasma creatinine was measured in 422 of the COPD patients. The Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR) was determined with the Cockcroft Gault formula, and having a GFR?相似文献   

Survival in neuroendocrine neoplasms; A report from a large Norwegian population‐based study

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are heterogeneous tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells. Their malignant potential varies from indolence to high‐grade malignancy (carcinomas). We studied the survival of all NENs in Norway according to malignant potential and different primary sites. We identified all NEN cases diagnosed in 1993 to 2015 and reported to the national population‐based Cancer Registry of Norway. We included 62 morphological types. According to morphological characteristics and known disease behavior, we stratified the tumors into two different groups: low/intermediate aggressiveness and high aggressiveness. A total of 17,128 NENs were analyzed. Median age was 67 years and 47.6% were females. The most common primary sites were in the lungs and the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) system. The 5‐year relative survival in patients with low/intermediate aggressive NENs was 64.8% (95% CI, 63.3–66.2) and high aggressive NENs 8.4% (95% CI, 7.8–9.1). Females had higher survival rates than males (p <0.001). The relative 5‐year survival rate in patients younger than 50 years was 89.1% (95% CI, 87.4–90.7) vs 41.0% (95% CI, 34.9–46.9) in patients ≥80 years. In multivariable analysis gender, age at diagnosis, time of diagnosis, stage and primary sites were all predictors of outcome both in patients with low/intermediate tumors and high aggressive tumors. Survival improved significantly over time, regardless of sex, age and tumor stage.     

Dental auto‐transplantation to anterior maxillary sites

Abstract – Aim: To investigate the indications for, and the outcome of auto‐transplantation of teeth to the anterior maxillary region. Material and methods: From 1978 to 1994, 41 teeth in 31 subjects were transplanted to anterior maxillary sites at the Department of Oral Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway. All transplantations were performed by one oral surgeon (B.G.). Relevant information was collected from patients’ files, including radiographs of the tooth graft, the recipient site and follow‐up radiographs. Results: The mean observation period was 55.1 months (range 1–158 months). The age of the patients at the time of the auto‐transplantation ranged from 10 to 30 years (mean 14.8 year). The most common indications for auto‐transplantation were aplasia (41.5%), sequelae of trauma (36.6%) and impacted or ectopic teeth (17.1%). Eight teeth were judged to be failures; five had been extracted because of severe root resorptions and periodontal infection and three were judged as failures owing to severe ongoing root resorption but remained in the alveolus. Conclusion: Trauma is as common indication as aplasia for transplantation. From a biological point of view, dental auto‐transplantation to the anterior maxillary region has a high success rate. Hence, auto‐transplantation is an important treatment option for missing or lost maxillary anterior teeth where preservation of the alveolar bone is important during growth and development in adolescents. The major reason for failure was various types of root resorptions, some of which were detected late.