The overlap of neural selectivity between faces and words: evidences from the N170 adaptation effect

Faces and words both evoke an N170, a strong electrophysiological response that is often used as a marker for the early stages of expert pattern perception. We examine the relationship of neural selectivity between faces and words by using a novel application of cross-category adaptation to the N170. We report a strong asymmetry between N170 adaptation induced by faces and by words. This is the first electrophysiological result showing that neural selectivity to faces encompasses neural selectivity to words and suggests that the N170 response to faces constitutes a neural marker for versatile representations of familiar visual patterns.     

广州地区早产儿先天性甲状腺功能低下症筛查结果分析

目的探讨早产儿与新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减低症（congenitalhypot hyroidism,CH）筛查各个阶段筛查结果的关系。方法选择2011年10月-2012年9月间进行新生儿筛查的干血片209860例,按照胎龄分为早产儿组、对照组1（足月儿组）、对照组2（过期产儿组）用免疫酶荧光法测定新生儿干血片促甲状腺素（thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH）值,筛查阳性患儿及时召回测定TSH、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（free triiodothyronine,FT3）、游离甲状腺素（free thyroxine,FT4）并作出诊断,并对早产儿组与对照组初筛阳性结果和确诊结果进行分析。结果早产儿组的初筛阳性率要低于足月儿组和过期产儿组,差别有统计学意义,早产儿组CH发病率要高于足月儿,差别有统计学意义,不同胎龄、出生体重早产儿的CH发病率存在线性相关,胎龄越小、出生体重越低,CH发病率越高。结论为了防止早产儿TsH延迟升高所带来的筛查假阴性,在新生儿筛查阶段对早产儿宜推迟采集测定足跟血TSH,加强围生期的保健和管理,减少早产儿的出生对于降低CH发病率,提高出生人口素质有着积极的意义。     

冠状动脉支架置入术1年随访LDL-C控制及他汀使用情况:与新指南的距离

目的分析冠状动脉支架置入术后1年随访时低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)控制及他汀使用情况,并与新指南对照。方法入选2010年9月至2012年12月在解放军第三〇六医院心血管内科行冠状动脉支架置入术患者539例,随访1年,收集复查资料,包括LDL-C水平及生化指标以及他汀类药物使用情况。结果治疗1年后,按2004年ACC/AHA血脂指南LDL-C水平,达标373例(69.2%),未达标166例(30.8%)。按2013年ACC/AHA新指南评价,LDL-C水平达标195例(36.1%),未达标344例(63.9%)。两种标准评价是否一致Kappa值为-0.047,P=0.178,两种标准比较存在明显统计学差异。他汀类药物治疗以阿托伐他汀(n=247,10 mg~80 mg)和瑞舒伐他汀(n=147,5 mg~20 mg)为主,其他还包括辛伐他汀(n=139,25.7%,10 mg~40 mg),氟伐他汀(n=2,40 mg),普伐他汀(n=4,40mg)。根据新指南中他汀类药物治疗强度,本研究中低强度降脂治疗21例(4.0%),中等强度512例(94.9%),高强度6例(1.1%),43例联合普罗布考治疗。结论按2013年新指南,冠状动脉支架置入术后他汀治疗1年,随访时多数患者LDL-C不达标,新指南是否适合中国人群需要进一步研究。     

新发糖尿病治疗后短期出现进展性视网膜病变1例报告并文献复习

新发2型糖尿病患者治疗前眼底检查正常,治疗后数个月即出现糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）者,文献报道尚少。本文报道1例新发2型糖尿病经胰岛素短期强化治疗后6个月出现进展性DR的临床特点和转归,结合文献探讨其可能机制。胰岛素治疗有可能诱发某些异质性2型糖尿病个体发生严重的视网膜病变。新发2型糖尿病治疗前应常规检查眼底,实施短期胰岛素强化治疗后1年内建议每3~4个月检查眼底1次,如患者有视力改变应随时检查。一旦明确为DR应及时而谨慎地调整降糖方案,进行有效的专科治疗,以阻止疾病进展,挽救患者视力。     

预防女性复发性尿路感染策略研究进展

女性尿路感染是常见的细菌感染性疾病,易复发,如何预防及减少女性尿路感染复发是目前临床医学研究的重点及难点。本文总结了女性复发性尿路感染现有的预防措施及进展,提出除了预防性使用抗生素外还有改变生活习惯、绝经后局部使用雌激素、使用益生菌、接种疫苗等预防策略,对未来寻求预防及治疗女性尿路感染的途径提供了有效的参考及建议。     

Increased Plasma Cell-Free DNA Level during HTNV Infection: Correlation with Disease Severity and Virus Load

Cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) in blood represents a promising DNA damage response triggered by virus infection or trauma, tumor, etc. Hantavirus primarily causes two diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), depending on different Hantavirus species. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma cf-DNA levels in acute phase of HFRS, and to correlate plasma cf-DNA with disease severity and plasma Hanttan virus (HTNV) load. We observed the appearance of cf-DNA in 166 plasma samples from 76 HFRS patients: the plasma cf-DNA levels peaked at the hypotensive stage of HFRS, and then decreased gradually. Until the diuretic stage, there was no significant difference in plasma cf-DNA level between patients and the healthy control. Exclusively in the febrile/hypotensive stage, the plasma cf-DNA levels of severe/critical patients were higher than those of the mild/moderate group. Moreover, the plasma cf-DNA value in the early stage of HFRS was correlated with HTNV load and disease severity. In most of the patients, plasma cf-DNA displayed a low-molecular weight appearance, corresponding to the size of apoptotic DNA. In conclusion, the plasma cf-DNA levels were dynamically elevated during HFRS, and correlated with disease severity, which suggests that plasma cf-DNA may be a potential biomarker for the pathogenesis and prognosis of HFRS.     

EB病毒gp350/220抗原T-B联合表位生物信息学预测

为预测EB病毒(EBV)gp350/220抗原T-B联合表位,采用在线软件IEDB和SYFPEITHIT分别预测gp350/220抗原B细胞表位和T细胞表位,寻找该抗原B细胞和T细胞共同的区域即T-B联合表位。gp350/220抗原存在潜在的T-B联合表位区域:28-43、49-55、59-64、69-79、85-91、99-111、119-129、135-144。本文运用生物信息学方法确定了gp350/220分别存在5个T细胞抗原表位﹑6个B细胞表位和3个T-B细胞联合表位区域,为进一步研发gp350/220高价优势表位疫苗奠定基础。     

基于“三早理念”的卓越医生人才培养模式的构建

适应现阶段医学教育培养目标的以器官系统为中心基础医学课程整合教学模式有助于学生早期树立医学整体概念,以培养学生独立分析问题和解决问题的综合能力;基于导师制的早期接触科研,将有助于学生科研能力和创新思维的培养;基于案例教学的早期接触临床,有利于基础与临床的有机结合。因此,基于"三早理念(早期树立医学整体概念、早期接触科研、早期接触临床)"的培养模式对高等医学院校和职业院校卓越医生培养计划的实施产生实践意义。