全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2280篇 |
免费 | 130篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 13篇 |
儿科学 | 40篇 |
妇产科学 | 3篇 |
基础医学 | 319篇 |
口腔科学 | 45篇 |
临床医学 | 155篇 |
内科学 | 509篇 |
皮肤病学 | 31篇 |
神经病学 | 209篇 |
特种医学 | 204篇 |
外科学 | 413篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 104篇 |
眼科学 | 162篇 |
药学 | 76篇 |
肿瘤学 | 127篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 46篇 |
2018年 | 70篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 47篇 |
2015年 | 47篇 |
2014年 | 72篇 |
2013年 | 78篇 |
2012年 | 127篇 |
2011年 | 144篇 |
2010年 | 97篇 |
2009年 | 96篇 |
2008年 | 140篇 |
2007年 | 144篇 |
2006年 | 114篇 |
2005年 | 136篇 |
2004年 | 124篇 |
2003年 | 118篇 |
2002年 | 102篇 |
2001年 | 44篇 |
2000年 | 31篇 |
1999年 | 39篇 |
1998年 | 37篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 37篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1937年 | 8篇 |
1935年 | 10篇 |
1934年 | 8篇 |
1933年 | 19篇 |
1932年 | 16篇 |
1931年 | 9篇 |
1930年 | 12篇 |
1928年 | 11篇 |
1926年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有2414条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
91.
Sandra P Toelle David Wille Bernhard Schmitt Ianina Scheer Beat Thöny Barbara Plecko 《Epileptic Disord》2014,16(1):88-92
Loss‐of‐function mutations in the FOLR1 gene (MIM *136430), encoding the folate receptor alpha, impair cerebral folate transport and lead to a progressive neurometabolic disorder. We report on a 5‐year‐old boy with progressive ataxia, from the age of 2 years and 6 months, with myoclonic jerks, regression, and impressive myoclonic tonic spasms with drop attacks, which were partially provoked by touching his face or washing his hands. Delayed myelination and cerebellar atrophy on cranial MRI were important clues to the diagnosis of cerebral folate transport deficiency, which was confirmed by homozygosity for the known nonsense mutation p.R204X in the FOLR1 gene. Computed tomography taken after head injury revealed bilateral calcifications in the basal ganglia as a novel finding in a patient with FOLR1 mutation. [Published with video sequences] 相似文献
92.
Macrocerebellum,epilepsy, intellectual disability,and gut malrotation in a child with a 16q24.1–q24.2 contiguous gene deletion 下载免费PDF全文
93.
Frey Michael C. Eigl Benjamin Steinemann Daniel C. Hackert Thilo R?ssler Fabian Nickel Felix Müller-Stich Beat P. Z’graggen Kaspar Müller Philip C. 《胰腺病学杂志(英文)》2021,(2):90-98
The natural connection between the duodenum and the pancreatic duct enables a minimally invasive access to the pancreas. Endoscopically this access is already r... 相似文献
94.
Luis F. Santamaria Babi Bernhard Moser Maria Teresa Perez Soler Ren Moser Pius Loetscher Beat Villiger Kurt Blaser Conrad Hauser 《European journal of immunology》1996,26(9):2056-2061
We studied the involvement of chemokines that bind to G protein-coupled receptors in the migration of skin homing T cells across a bilayer vascular construct (BVC) consisting of a fibroblast matrix underneath an activated endothelial (EC) monolayer. Based on the expression of the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), a skin homing receptor, CD45R0+ T cells freshly isolated from blood or HUT-78 cutaneous T lymphoma cells were separated into CLA+ and CLA− subpopulations. These T cells were incubated on interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α-activated EC, and the number of transmigrated cells was determined. The chemokine IL-8 was selectively involved in the enhanced migration of CLA+ T cells across activated EC as demonstrated by blocking antibody to IL-8 but not to GRO-α, MCP-1 and RANTES. Identical results were obtained with both human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC) and microvascular skin EC (HDMEC). Pertussis toxin selectively inhibited the enhanced transendothelial migration (TEM) of CLA+ T cells, suggesting that CLA-dependent TEM depends on Gi protein-transmitted signals. Moreover, the IL-8 receptor B (IL-8RB) appeared to be functionally involved in TEM, as demonstrated by receptor desensitization with the CXC chemokines IL-8 and GRO-α and by blocking the IL-8RB with specific monoclonal antibodies. Although only the IL-8RB was involved in CLA-dependent TEM, mRNA encoding IL-8RA and IL-8RB was expressed by both CLA+ and CLA− T cells. This correlated with IL-8RA and IL-8RB surface expression on these cells. Thus, the IL-8RB is selectively functional in TEM of T cells expressing the skin homing receptor CLA. Our results demonstrate a critical role for IL-8 and possibly other IL-8RB ligands in addition to the IL-8RB in TEM and suggest the involvement of these molecules in the homing of specific T cells to inflamed skin. 相似文献
95.
Gerold Stucki Matthew H. Liang Susanne Stucki Pius Brühlmann Beat A. Michel 《Arthritis \u0026amp; Rheumatology》1995,38(6):795-798
Objective. To examine the psychometric properties and construct validity of a self-administered Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index (RADAI). Methods. Five items of the Rapid Assessment of Disease Activity in Rheumatology (RADAR) questionnaire were aggregated into the RADAI and assessed for their factor loading, internal consistency, and construct validity. Results. In 55 patients with RA, the RADAI had a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91) and correlated with physician's assessment of disease activity (r = 0.54, P < 0.01), the swollen joint count (r = 0.54, P < 0.01), and the C-reactive protein value (r = 0.43, P < 0.01). Conclusion. The RADAI is a highly reliable and valid self-administered measure of disease activity for clinical, health services, and epidemiologic research. Its sensitivity to change in longitudinal studies needs further study. 相似文献
96.
Stepwise partitioning of Xp21: a profiling method for XK deletions causative of the McLeod syndrome 下载免费PDF全文
97.
Michel Gonzalez MD Antoine Poncet MD Christophe Combescure MD John Robert MD Hans Beat Ris MD Pascal Gervaz MD 《Annals of surgical oncology》2013,20(2):572-579
Background
Resection of lung metastases (LM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly performed with a curative intent. It is currently not possible to identify those CRC patients who may benefit the most from this surgical strategy. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of risk factors for survival after lung metastasectomy for CRC.Methods
We performed a meta-analysis of series published between 2000 and 2011, which focused on surgical management of LM from CRC and included more than 40 patients each. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) were calculated by using random effects model for parameters considered as potential prognostic factors.Results
Twenty-five studies including a total of 2925 patients were considered in this analysis. Four parameters were associated with poor survival: (1) a short disease-free interval between primary tumor resection and development of LM (HR 1.59, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.27–1.98); (2) multiple LM (HR 2.04, 95 % CI 1.72–2.41); (3) positive hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes (HR 1.65, 95 % CI 1.35–2.02); and (4) elevated prethoracotomy carcinoembryonic antigen (HR 1.91, 95 % CI 1.57–2.32). By comparison, a history of resected liver metastases (HR 1.22, 95 % CI 0.91–1.64) did not achieve statistical significance.Conclusions
Clinical variables associated with prolonged survival after surgery for LM in CRC patients include prolonged disease-free interval between primary tumor and metastatic spread, normal prethoracotomy carcinoembryonic antigen, absence of thoracic node involvement, and a single pulmonary lesion. 相似文献98.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
99.
Andreas G. Nerlich Rainer Schaaf Beat Wälchli Norbert Boos 《European spine journal》2007,16(4):547-555
While there is consensus in the literature that blood vessels are confined to the outer anulus fibrosus of normal adult intervertebral
disc, debate continues whether there is a vascular in-growths into inner parts of the intervertebral disc during degeneration.
We therefore tested the hypothesis that vascular in-growth is not a distinct feature of disc degeneration. The specific endothelial
cell marker CD 31 (PECAM) was used to immunohistochemically investigate 42 paraffin-embedded complete mid-sagittal human intervertebral
disc sections of various ages (0–86 years) and varying extent of histomorphological degeneration. Additionally, 20 surgical
disc samples from individuals (26–69 years) were included in this study. In discs of fetal to infantile age, blood vessels
perforated the cartilaginous end plate and extended into the inner and outer anulus fibrosus, but not into the nucleus pulposus.
In adolescents and adults, no blood vessels were seen except for the outer zone of the anulus fibrosus adjacent to the insertion
to ligaments. The cartilaginous end plate remained free of vessels, except for areas with circumscribed destruction of the
end plate. In advanced disc degeneration, no vessels were observed except for those few cases with complete, scar-like disc
destruction. However, some rim lesions and occasionally major clefts were surrounded by a small network of capillary blood
vessels extending into deeper zones of the anulus fibrosus. A subsequent morphometric analysis, revealed slightly “deeper”
blood vessel extension in juvenile/adolescent discs when compared to young, mature and senile adult individuals with significantly
“deeper” extension in the posterior than anterior anulus. The analysis of the surgical specimens showed that only sparse capillary
blood vessels which did not extend into the nucleus pulposus even in major disc disruption. Our results show that vascular
invasion deeper than the periphery was not observed during disc degeneration, which supports the hypothesis that vascular
in-growth is not a distinct feature of disc degeneration.
This study was supported by a grant from the AO/ASIF Foundation Switzerland (00-B72) and a grant from the AO Spine (SRN 02/103). 相似文献
100.
Daniel Sidler Peter Studer Sebastian Küpper Beat Gloor Daniel Candinas Jörg Haier 《Journal of investigative surgery》2013,26(2):57-64
Conditioning with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) promotes liver regeneration in an experimental small-for-size liver remnant mouse model. The mechanisms involved in this extraordinary G-CSF effect are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of G-CSF on the hepatic microvasculature in the regenerating liver. The hepatic sinusoidal microvasculature and microarchitecture of the regenerating liver were evaluated by intravital microscopy in mice. Three experimental groups were compared: (1) unoperated unconditioned animals (control; n = 5), (2) animals conditioned with G-CSF 48 h after 60% partial hepatectomy (G-CSF-PH; n = 6), and (3) animals sham conditioned 48 h after 60% PH (sham-PH; n = 6). PH led to hepatocyte hypertrophy and increased hepatic sinusoidal velocity in the sham-PH and G-CSF-PH groups. Increased sinusoidal diameter and increased hepatic blood flow were observed in the G-CSF-PH group compared to the sham-PH and control groups. Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation between spleen weight and hepatic sinusoidal diameter in the G-CSF-PH group. The increased hepatic blood flow could explain the observed benefit of G-CSF conditioning during liver regeneration. These results elucidate an unexplored aspect of pharmacological modulation of liver regeneration and motivate further experiments. 相似文献