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51.
In a prospective, randomized study of insemination with donor semen,
intracervical insemination by straw was compared with insemination using a
cervical cap with an intracervical reservoir. A total of 91 patients
completed 486 treatment cycles. There were no significant differences in
age, parity, indication for insemination by donor, or method of cycle
monitoring between women who became pregnant and those who did not conceive
with either insemination method. In 236 standard intracervical insemination
cycles, 14 patients became pregnant (5.9% per cycle), whereas 38 patients
conceived in 250 cervical cap cycles (15.2% per cycle). Both the crude
pregnancy rates and the cumulative pregnancy rates calculated by the
Kaplan-Meier life-table method were significantly different (chi(2)-test, P
< 0.001, and log-rank test, P < 0.005 respectively). Pregnancy rates
in artificial insemination with cryopreserved donor semen may be improved
by the use of a cervical cap when compared to cervical insemination by
straw. The use of the cervical cap may prolong the exposure of the
spermatozoa to the cervical mucus and prevent the backflow of semen into
the vagina.
相似文献
52.
D. Heney A. Essex-Cater J. T. Brocklebank C. C. Bailey I. J. Lewis 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1990,4(3):245-247
The management of tumour lysis syndrome remains problematic despite the rigorous use of preventative measures. Continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration (CAVH) is well suited to its use in both the prevention and treatment of metabolic abnormalities and renal insufficiency associated with tumour lysis. We report the successful use of CAVH in the treatment of a patient with tumour lysis syndrome. 相似文献
53.
Systematic detection and multidisciplinary care of delirium in older medical inpatients: a randomized trial 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
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54.
55.
Meniscal abnormalities: prospective correlation of double-contrast arthrography and arthroscopy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In a prospective study conducted over a 12-month period, 30 patients underwent double-contrast arthrography of the knee followed by arthroscopic study. An 80% correlation rate was found between results. Arthrography had a higher rate of accuracy (93%) than arthroscopy (84%) and had a 7% false-positive and 0% false-negative rate. A commonly overlooked arthrographic sign--the triple-S or stuck sail sign--was 91% accurate in the prediction of meniscal tears. The complementary nature of the two examinations is discussed. 相似文献
56.
57.
S. M. O. Hourani S. J. Bailey C. R. Johnson J. P. Tennant 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1998,358(4):464-473
The functional effects of adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP), uridine 5’-triphosphate (UTP), adenosine 5’-tetraphosphate (AP4) and the diadenosine polyphosphates P1,P3-diadenosine triphosphate (Ap3A), P1,P4-diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) and P1,P5-diadenosine pentaphosphate (Ap5A) were studied in two isolated smooth muscle preparations thought to contain P2Y (P2Y1) receptors, the guinea-pig taenia caeci (which relaxes to ATP) and the rat colon muscularis mucosae (which contracts to ATP).
In addition, the breakdown of these compounds by the rat colon muscularis mucosae was investigated by high pressure liquid
chromatography. In the guinea-pig taenia caeci all the purine nucleotides caused relaxation with a potency order of Ap3A=Ap4A> ATP>AP4=Ap5A, and these relaxations were antagonised by suramin with apparent pA2 values in the region of 5, consistent with activation of a P2Y1 receptor. In the rat colon muscularis mucosae the nucleotides caused contraction with a potency order of Ap3A = Ap4A>ATP=AP4 =Ap5A >UTP. However, while suramin (100 μM) inhibited responses to ATP and UTP at all concentrations of agonist, it only inhibited
contractions induced by the higher concentrations of AP4, Ap3A and Ap4A and had little effect on contractions induced by Ap5A. A higher concentration of suramin (1 mM) enhanced contractions induced by ATP but greatly inhibited those induced by UTP
and had no effect on responses to the other agonists. The A1 adenosine receptor antagonist 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX; 10 nM) had no effect on responses to ATP or UTP
but inhibited responses to Ap3A, Ap4A, Ap5A and AP4. A combination of suramin (1 mM) and DPCPX (10 nM) almost abolished responses to all the agonists. ATP and UTP were rapidly
degraded by the rat colon muscularis mucosae while AP4, Ap3A, Ap4A and Ap5A were degraded more slowly, and the major product detected after breakdown of the purine nucleotides was inosine rather than
adenosine. The breakdown of all the nucleotides was inhibited by suramin (1 mM), although this inhibition did not achieve
statistical significance in the case of ATP. These results show that while the diadenosine polyphosphates appear to act as
P2 agonists in the taenia caeci, in the rat colon muscularis mucosae their major action is via adenosine A1 receptors rather than via P2 receptors. In addition, although they are more stable than ATP or UTP, their action in this
tissue is clearly affected by their degradation which complicates the effects of suramin.
Received: 23 March 1998 / Accepted: 29 June 1998 相似文献
58.
Critchley Hilary O.D.; Bailey Deborah A.; Au Chak L.; Affandi Biran; Rogers Peter A.W. 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1993,8(10):1632-1639
The bleeding problems experienced by users of subdermal levonorgestrelimplants (Norplant) remain unexplained. The aim of the presentstudy was to investigate the oestrogen (ER) and progesteronereceptor (PR) distribution in levonorgestrel-treated endometrialbiopsies from 31 subjects recruited in Jakarta, Indonesia, andto compare the sex steroid receptor immunostaining with thatof endometrium from 58 normally cycling women from Melbourne,Australia. Sex steroid receptor immunoreactivity was additionallycompared with days of exposure to subdermal levonorgestrel,serum oestradiol and progesterone levels and days of bleedingduring a 90-day reference period. An immunohistochemical techniquewith an alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP)detection system for use in formalin-fixed paraffin wax embeddedendometrial tissue was employed. Significantly greater meanimmunostaining scores of stromal PR were observed in Norplantcompared with control endometrium at all stages across the cycle.No significant correlations were demonstrated between sex steroidreceptor immunostaining and days of exposure to subdermal levonorgestrel,serum oestradiol or progesterone concentrations or days of bleedingduring a 90-day reference period. Whether the elevated stromalPR immunostaining in Norplant-treated endometrium is a consequenceof increased synthesis or reduced turnover of receptor remainsunclear. As yet it is undetermined whether increased PR immunoreactivitycorresponds to an increase in number of functional PR. 相似文献
59.
Eighteen Coopworth ewe lambs were divided into three groups based on the initial cystourethrogram and cystometry findings
at 5 – 7 weeks of age: group 1, 6 lambs with spontaneous low-pressure bilateral vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) on bladder filling
were used to study the natural history of reflux; group 2, 5 lambs with no VUR detected were used to establish an experimental
model of bilateral VUR using an unroofing surgical procedure; group 3, 7 lambs with spontaneous VUR detected during micturition
had the same surgical procedure to increase the degree of VUR. All three animal groups were followed for 4 – 10 months. Spontaneous
VUR was demonstrated in 13 of 18 lambs (25/36 ureters). The presence and severity of spontaneously occurring reflux in group
1 lambs diminished with increasing age. VUR was created successfully in group 2 and increased in degree in group 3 animals.
The only significant histological finding in all three animal groups with grades II and III VUR was distal renal tubular dilatation.
The sheep is a useful and readily available animal for studying VUR. During 4 – 10 months of follow-up, sterile reflux without
bladder outflow obstruction resulted in distal renal tubular dilatation, but no renal parenchymal damage.
Received April 17, 1997; received in revised form August 5, 1997; accepted August 21, 1997 相似文献
60.