Neurological and adrenal dysfunction in the adrenal insufficiency/alacrima/achalasia (3A) syndrome

Review of 20 patients with glucocorticoid deficiency (three cases also with salt loss) associated with absent tear secretion (19 cases) and achalasia of the cardia (15 cases) revealed neurological abnormalities in 17 including hyper-reflexia, muscle weakness, dysarthria, and ataxia together with impaired intelligence and abnormal autonomic function, particularly postural hypotension. These findings indicate that significant neurological problems are common in this multisystem disorder.     

Diverticular abscesses: percutaneous drainage

Percutaneous catheter drainage was performed in 16 patients with diverticulitis complicated by abscesses. Each patient had resolution of fever within 72 hours. Eleven patients subsequently underwent simultaneous sigmoid resection and operative anastomosis 10-40 days after percutaneous drainage. One patient required a three-stage procedure after percutaneous drainage, and one patient was too unstable for operation at any time during her course and eventually died of respiratory failure. Three patients did not undergo resection after catheter drainage and have remained asymptomatic for 1-2 1/2 years. Ten of 16 patients had fistulas, eight of which closed spontaneously. Experience with percutaneous drainage of diverticular abscesses suggests that it obviates surgical abscess drainage and permits a single operation (sigmoid resection and closure) to be performed safely. Percutaneous abscess drainage has cost-saving implications, since one or two operations may be avoided in most patients, and in some high-risk elderly patients all operations may be obviated.     

Corpus callosum and limbic system: neuroanatomic MR evaluation of developmental anomalies

Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a complex malformation of the brain that has been associated with varying degrees of limbic system maldevelopment. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 11 patients with callosal agenesis (seven total, four partial) who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, with particular attention to the associated malformations of the limbic system. Comparison was made with selected images from MR examinations of healthy volunteers and with necropsy specimens from other patients with callosal agenesis. Ten of 11 patients demonstrated limbic anomalies (severe motion artifact precluded evaluation of these structures in one patient). MR depicted not only the abnormalities intrinsic to callosal agenesis but also the frequently associated malformations of the limbic system.     

伊贝碱甙B的分离和结构测定

本文报道自吉林栽培的伊贝母(Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk)中分得一种新的C-去甲-D-异甾体生物碱甙,命名为伊贝碱甙B(yibeinoside B)。根据红外、质谱、氢谱和碳谱确定了结构。     

Does preoperative needle localization lead to an increase in local breast cancer recurrence?

Between 1978 and 1981, 74 women with nonpalpable breast cancer underwent surgery after localization guides were placed. In 72 patients, guides were introduced parallel to the chest wall; in two the needle was positioned anteroposteriorly under computed tomographic guidance. Fifty-six cases (76%) were infiltrating cancer; 13 (17%), intraductal cancers; two (3%), inflammatory; and three (4%), lobular carcinoma in situ. Surgery was not used to treat the latter five patients. In the remaining 69 women, 42 (61%) were treated by means of modified radical mastectomy; six (9%), total mastectomy; 12 (17%), local excision and radiation therapy; and seven (10%), local excision alone; exact therapy for two women (3%) was unknown. At a minimum follow-up of 5 years, none of the 67 women in whom the parallel approach was used had a local recurrence. The authors conclude that preoperative placement of guides parallel to the chest wall does not appear to increase the risk of local breast cancer recurrence.     

Application of image-guided surface coil P-31 MR spectroscopy to human liver, heart, and kidney

Localized phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in humans has previously been accomplished with surface coils by means of depth-resolved surface coil spectroscopy or rotating frame experiments, in which the extent of tissue sampled critically depends on surface coil placement. The authors' goal was to modify the surface coil image-selected in vivo spectroscopy (ISIS) experiment to accomplish three-dimensional volume selection through application of selective pulses in the presence of B0 gradients. Advantages of ISIS include the ability to use proton images to define the volume of interest (VOI) and reduced dependence on exact positioning of the surface coil. However, rapid replication of the surface coil ISIS experiment can cause spectral contamination from signals originating outside the VOI. A modified version of the ISIS experiment was developed to alleviate contamination under conditions of rapid replication. Applications of localized P-31 MR spectroscopy for observation of high-energy phosphorus metabolites are presented in human liver, heart, and transplanted and normal kidney.     

环孢菌素A阻断人HL-60抗药性细胞于G1期而诱导敏感细胞凋亡

进一步研究了抗三尖杉酯碱的HL-60细胞(HR20)抗细胞凋亡的机制及该抗性和抗药性的关系。结果表明,环孢菌素A(CsA)20,10μg·ml^-1诱导HL-60细胞发生凋亡,而阻断HR20细胞于G₁期,就不能诱导细胞发生凋亡。低浓度的CsA明显增加柔红霉素在HR20细胞内的积聚,其逆转抗药性作用与阻断细胞周期运行无关。CsA10μg·ml^-1处理HR20细胞,可引起50kDa的蛋白质高度磷酸化。结果提示:环孢菌素A阻断抗三尖杉酯碱的HL-60细胞于G₁期,而诱导敏感的HL-60细胞发生凋亡,其阻断作用与抗药性无关。