不同来源国产血竭的薄层色谱和紫外光谱鉴别

目的：比较6种不同来源国产血竭的质量差异。方法：以剑叶龙血树含皮及木质部为原料，采用回流提取、索氏提取，超声提取，低温膨化提取，并与市售的通过传统工艺提取的云南血竭和海南血竭为对照，对它们进行薄层层析和紫外光谱鉴别。结果：薄层对应斑点基本相同，紫外光谱基本一致。结论：6种不同来源的国产血竭的成分基本一致，而以龙血素C作为评价指标，其质量存在一定差异。     

Cardiovascular effects of carbon dioxide in ventilated preterm infants

Sick preterm infants may, under certain conditions, demonstrate blood pressure passive cerebral blood flow in response to changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension. Blood pressure in turn depends on cardiac output and peripheral resistance. A Doppler technique for assessing cardiac output compared favourably in terms of reproducibility to a thermodilution technique in a group of infants undergoing cardiac catheterization for congenital heart disease. Doppler was subsequently used to monitor changes in cardiac output following an increase in arterial carbon dioxide tension of 1 kPa in 25 ventilated preterm infants. Blood pressure increased significantly (p = 0.006). However, heart rate did not change significantly (p = 0.16) and, in addition, both stroke and minute volume decreased (p = 0.023, p = 0.02, respectively). This suggests that accompanying changes in components of peripheral resistance exert important effects on blood pressure in the preterm neonate in response to changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension.     

重组鼠白细胞介素18在肝癌小鼠体内的抗肿瘤作用

目的：探讨不同剂量和输注方式的重组鼠白细胞介素18（rmIL-18）对肝癌小鼠生存时间和肿瘤生长的影响,阐明rmIL-18在体内抗肿瘤的合理应用方式。方法：60只Babl/C小鼠皮下接种小鼠肝癌H22细胞（1×10⁶个）,随机分为5μg rmIL-18腹腔内注射治疗组、0.5μg rmIL-18腹腔内注射治疗组、0.5μg rmIL-18肿瘤内注射治疗组、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）腹腔内注射治疗组、CTL肿瘤内注射治疗组和生理盐水腹腔注射对照组,每组10只。从接种肿瘤细胞的第10天起,各rmIL-18组小鼠每隔1d进行对应剂量和方式的注射治疗,CTL组小鼠分别腹腔和肿瘤内注射肿瘤特异性CTL（1×10⁶/只）,生理盐水腹腔注射对照组小鼠腹腔内注射注射等体积（100μL）生理盐水,共计10次。每周测量小鼠肿瘤直径,并记录生存时间。结果：与0.5μg、5μg rmIL-18腹腔内注射治疗组和生理盐水腹腔注射对照组比较,0.5μg rmIL-18肿瘤内注射治疗组小鼠肿瘤生长速度减慢（P<0.01）,小鼠生存时间延长（P<0.01）;与0.5μg rmIL-18腹腔内注射治疗组比较,CTL腹腔内注射治疗组小鼠肿瘤生长速度降低（P<0.01）,小鼠存活率升高（P<0.01）;与0.5μg rmIL-18肿瘤内注射治疗组比较,CTL肿瘤内注射治疗组小鼠肿瘤生长速度降低（P <0.01）,小鼠存活率升高（P <0.01）。结论：rmIL-18抗肿瘤作用的最好途径为瘤内注射,并存在剂量依赖性。     

DIP改革赋能三级医疗机构发展内涵的实践与应用研究△

2003年,样本城市开始实行“按病种分值”付费,经过多年不断的发展、完善,对该市医疗机构加强内涵建设起到了一定的促进作用。本研究主要对样本城市DIP改革背景及结算方式进行描述,通过DIP入组情况、辅助目录调整病例占比、病种费用等指标运行情况,总结分析DIP改革给三级医疗机构经济运行、病案管理、学科建设等方面带来的影响与实践应用效果,指出DIP不仅可促进医院加强医疗、医保协同发展,同时可推动医院强化业财融合,提高经济运行效率,提升医院社会效益等。     

某新冠定点救治医院新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株环境污染调查

 目的 评估新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株对病区公共环境及医务人员个人防护用品的污染情况。方法 对某新冠定点救治医院病区公共区域、脱卸区域和个人防护用品进行采样,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测新型冠状病毒核酸并报告Ct值,分析个人防护用品新型冠状病毒阳性相关因素。结果 共采集病区公共区域环境标本100份,病区公共区域环境新型冠状病毒核酸检测总阳性率为30.00%,脱卸区电梯地面、走廊公共区域地面、脱卸电梯按钮新型冠状病毒核酸检测阳性率最高,分别为60.00%、60.00%、40.00%。一脱区和二脱区新型冠状病毒核酸检出率分别为18.33%、1.67%。48.33%的工作人员个人防护用品检出新型冠状病毒核酸,其中外层鞋套鞋底、外层手套和防护服检出率最高,分别为35.00%、21.67%、8.33%。单因素分析结果显示医生岗位和高风险操作医务人员个人防护用品新型冠状病毒核酸检测阳性率高(均P<0.05)。结论 新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株对病区公共环境、一脱区和个人防护用品可造成不同程度污染,做好个人防护和定期环境清洁消毒,可以降低医务人员感染风险。     

ICP-OES法测定紫朱软膏中总汞的含量

目的对紫朱软膏中总汞进行含量测定研究,为保障其有效性和安全性提供依据。方法将样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定总汞的含量。结果建立的总汞测定方法线性关系为Y=4 587X-150.1,相关系数为0.999 9,加样回收率为89.29%～101.36%,测得紫朱软膏中总汞平均含量为3.20%,RSD为1.28%。结论 ICP-OES法快速、准确、可靠,适用于紫朱软膏中总汞的含量测定。     

Uptake of HIV Self-testing among Men Who have Sex with Men in Beijing,China: a Cross-sectional Study

Objective To examine HIV self-testing uptake and its determinates among men who have sex with men(MSM) in Beijing, China. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Beijing, China in 2016. Participants were users of a popular Chinese gay networking application and had an unknown or negative HIV status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with HIV self-testing based on adjusted odds ratio(AOR) and 95% confidence interval(CI). Results Among the 5,996 MSM included in the study, 2,383(39.7%) reported to have used HIV self-testing kits. Willingness to use an HIV self-test kit in the future was expressed by 92% of the participants. High monthly income(AOR = 1.49; CI = 1.10-2.02; P = 0.010), large number of male sex partners(≥ 2: AOR = 1.24; CI = 1.09-1.43; P = 0.002), sexual activity with commercial male sex partners(≥ 2: AOR = 1.94; CI = 1.34-2.82; P = 0.001), long-term drug use(AOR = 1.42; CI = 1.23-1.62; P 0.001), and long-term HIV voluntary counseling and testing(VCT) attendance(AOR = 3.62; CI = 3.11-4.22; P 0.001) were all associated with increased odds of HIV self-testing uptake. Conclusion The nearly 40% rate of HIV self-testing uptake among MSM in our sample was high. In addition, an over 90% willingness to use kits in the future was encouraging. HIV self-testing could be an important solution to help China achieve the global target of having 90% of all people living with HIV diagnosed by 2020.     

新西兰中医药发展现状及未来发展策略

位于南太平洋大洋洲的岛国新西兰,从19世纪70年代发现金矿,华人劳工进入其境内后,中医药便就此传入,迄今已有近150年的历史。中医针灸自20世纪70年代起在新西兰逐渐受到重视,距今也有近50年时间。随着中医药全球化进程加快,为促进新西兰中医药的快速发展,本文就目前新西兰中医药发展现状做一总结,进而提出新西兰中医药的未来发展策略,以促进新西兰中医药稳定持续的发展。     

二氢山奈酚衍生物调控AMPK/PGC-1α通路抑制棕榈酸诱导的C2C12成肌分化细胞脂质沉积

目的 探讨4种二氢山奈酚衍生物对C2C12成肌分化细胞(C2C12-MD细胞)脂质沉积的影响及相关分子机制.方法 小鼠C2C12成肌细胞分化为肌管后,分成正常对照组、棕榈酸(palmiticacid,PA)处理组,PA+二氢山奈酚衍生物(山奈酚、二氢杨梅素、杨梅素、槲皮素)干预处理组(n=3),采用油红O染色和甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)测定法评价脂质沉积情况,2-NBDG荧光法检测葡萄糖摄取能力,Western blot检测AMPK、p-AMPK和过氧化物酶体增殖活化受体γ共激活因子-1α(peroxisomeproliferator activator receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha,PGC-1α)蛋白水平.结果 PA处理的C2C12肌管有大量脂质沉积,TG含量明显增加,胰岛素刺激下的葡萄糖摄取能力显著下降,p-AMPK、PGC-1α蛋白水平明显降低(P＜0.05).山奈酚干预对PA诱导的上述指标变化无明显影响,但另外3种衍生物干预均能显著抑制PA诱导的上述指标变化,其中二氢杨梅素效果更明显(P＜0.05).此外,AMPK抑制剂(compound C,CC)可明显逆转二氢杨梅素的抑制效应(P＜0.05).结论 3种二氢山奈酚衍生物二氢杨梅素、杨梅素和槲皮素可通过调控AMPK/PGC-1α通路抑制棕榈酸诱导的C2C12-MD细胞脂质沉积,继而改善胰岛素抵抗.