糖尿病患者妇科手术46例分析

目的：探讨糖尿病患者妇科手术的处理原则。方法：对46例糖尿病患者行妇科手术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。31例（61．5％）有糖尿病史，15例（32．6％）入院后检查发现。术前治疗：6例仅控制饮食；38例口服降糖药；2例加用岛胰素。血糖空腹8．3mmol／L．餐后2小时13．88mmol／L以下即进行手术。结果：术后20例血糖正常，30例出现一过性尿酮症性，2例因禁食胃肠减压出现持续性酮症酸中毒和低血钾并经胰岛素调节后恢复正常。全体预后良好出院。结论：糖尿病患者术前应仔细检查并于手术前后积极治疗。对术后禁食胃肠减压者应同时防止低血钾。     

Lead Induced Oxidative Stress： Beneficial Effects of Kombucha Tea

Objective To evaluate the effect of oral administration of Kombucha tea (K-tea) on lead induced oxidative stress. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were administered 1mL of 3.8% lead acetate solution daily alone or in combination with K-tea orally for 45d, and the antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Results Oral administration of lead acetate to rats enhanced lipid peroxidation and release of creatine phosphokinase and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and andoxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPx). Lead treatment did not alter humoral immunity, but inhibited DTH response when compared to the control.Lead administration also increased DNA fragmentation in liver. Oral administration of Kombucha tea to rats exposed to lead decreased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage with a concomitant increase in the reduced glutathione level and GPx activity. Kombucha tea supplementation relieved the lead induced immunosuppression to appreciable levels. Conclusion The results suggest that K-tea has potent antioxidant and immunomodulating properties.     

Spectrum of congenital anomalies associated with biliary atresia

Several congenital anomalies have been reported in association with biliary atresia. We have analysed the type and frequency of anomalies observed over a 10-year period in consecutive patients operated for extrahepatic biliary atresia at our institution. Of the 107 infants who underwent a laparotomy and surgical correction of biliary atresia, 9 (8.4%) showed significant associated anomalies. Among them, 5 (55.5%) had splenic malformations, 6 (66.6%) had digestive anomalies in the form of malrotation, Meckel's diverticulum and jejunal atresia. One patient had the classical polysplenia syndrome. Our follow-up period was limited (i.e. 5 months) during which time 3 of the 9 (33.3%) patients with associated anomalies became jaundice-free. A higher incidence of malformations found in association with biliary atresia supports the congenital theory and a more thorough search for these anomalies is recommended.     

Neonatal mechanical ventilation—Experience at a level II care centre

One hundred and fifty nine neonates were ventilated over a period of one year of whom 74 (46.54%) survived. This study aims to analyse the indications, complications and outcome of babies requiring mechanical ventilation. The early outcome measures were (i) survival rate with respect to birth weight, gestation and indication of ventilation, and (ii) Complications of assisted ventilation. One hundred and forty seven babies received IPPV and 34 received CPAP. Twenty two out of these 34 required IPPV later. Survival was cent percent on exclusive CPAP mode. HMD was the commonest indication for ventilation followed by Birth asphyxia, Apnea of prematurity, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the New born. Survival rates increased with increasing birth weight and gestational age, changing from 25% for <1000 gm and 20% for <28 wks to 53% for >2500 gms and 50.2% for >37 wks. Prolonged ventilatory support was needed for HMD (mean 114 hrs) and PPHN (mean 156 hrs). Commonest complication was Sepsis (26%) followed by Pulmonary hemorrhage, Pneumothorax and IVH. Lower success rates in ventilation is due to the poor survival of babies weighing <1000 gms and those with a gestation of <28 wks with nosocomial infections as a major complication of assisted ventilation being an additional factor.     

Diagnosis of tuberculosis in an Indian population by an indirect ELISA protocol based on detection of Antigen 85 complex: a prospective cohort study

Background  

Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) remains problematic despite many new advanced diagnostic methods. A reliable and rapid diagnostic test, which could be performed in any standard pathology laboratory, would help to obtain definitive early diagnoses of TB. In the present study we describe a prospective evaluation for demonstrating Antigen (Ag) 85 complex in the sera from TB patients.