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The additional utility of two‐dimensional strain in detection of coronary artery disease presence and localization in patients undergoing dobutamine stress echocardiogram
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Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor,a potent adjuvant for polarization to Th‐17 pattern: an experience on HIV‐1 vaccine model
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Mehdi Mahdavi Amir Hossein Tajik Massoumeh Ebtekar Roghieh Rahimi Mohammad Mehdi Adibzadeh Hamid Reza Moozarmpour Mohammad Sadegh Beikverdi Soophie Olfat Zuhair Mohammad Hassan Mohammad Choopani Morteza Kameli Christine Hartoonian 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》2017,125(6):596-603
Cytokines are mediators for polarization of immune response in vaccines. Studies show that co‐immunization of DNA vaccines with granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) can increase immune responses. Here, experimental mice were immunized with HIV‐1tat/pol/gag/env DNA vaccine with GM‐CSF and boosted with recombinant vaccine. Lymphocyte proliferation with Brdu and CTL activity, IL‐4, IFN‐γ, IL‐17 cytokines, total antibody, and IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes were assessed with ELISA. Results show that GM‐CSF as adjuvant in DNA immunization significantly increased lymphocyte proliferation and IFN‐γ cytokines, but CTL response was tiny increased. Also GM‐CSF as adjuvant decreased IL‐4 cytokine vs mere vaccine group. IL‐17 in the group that immunized with mixture of DNA vaccine/GM‐CSF was significantly increased vs DNA vaccine group. Result of total antibody shows that GM‐CSF increased antibody response in which both IgG1 and IgG2a increased. Overall, results confirmed the beneficial effect of GM‐CSF as adjuvant to increase vaccine immunogenicity. The hallmark result of this study was to increase IL‐17 cytokine with DNA vaccine/GM‐CSF immunized group. This study for the first time provides the evidence of the potency of GM‐CSF in the induction of IL‐17 in response to a vaccine, which is important for control of infection such as HIV‐1. 相似文献
169.
Disasters are fortunately rare occurrences. However, accurate and timely information and communication are vital to adequately
prepare individual health organizations for such events. The current article investigates the health related communication
and information systems for emergency management in Iran. A mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology was used in this
study. A sample of 230 health service managers was surveyed using a questionnaire and 65 semi-structured interviews were also
conducted with public health and therapeutic affairs managers who were responsible for emergency management. A range of problems
were identified including fragmentation of information, lack of local databases, lack of clear information strategy and lack
of a formal system for logging disaster related information at regional or local level. Recommendations were made for improving
the national emergency management information and communication system. The findings have implications for health organizations
in developing and developed countries especially in the Middle East. Creating disaster related information databases, creating
protocols and standards, setting an information strategy, training staff and hosting a center for information system in the
Ministry of Health to centrally manage and share the data could improve the current information system. 相似文献
170.
Günther A Grobusch MP Slevogt H Abel W Burchard GD 《Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH》2003,8(1):30-32
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of myocardial damage in falciparum malaria by serum concentration of cardiac troponin T. METHODS: Retrospective study of stored sera and patient files; assessment of acute myocardial damage by serum concentration or activity of cardiac troponin T, creatine kinase, creatine kinase MB and myoglobin and by routine electrocardiography. RESULTS: A total of 161 patients with falciparum malaria were included in the study; troponin T was elevated in one case (0.6%), no CK-MB elevations were found, myoglobin was elevated in 10 of 161 patients (6.2%), all of whom were elderly and had concomitant elevated serum concentration levels of cystatin C; ECG abnormalities were seen in 23 patients. CONCLUSION: Assessed by troponin T, myocardial damage in falciparum malaria is rare. 相似文献