2007年新疆阿拉山口口岸地区鼠情监测对比分析报告

目的总结分析近两年鼠情监测方法、结果,掌握鼠情动态变化,预测疫情发展趋势,指导今后监测工作。方法两年间在即定的监测区域用板夹夹夜法及弓形夹、鼠笼扑鼠。寄生物采集按《新疆蚤目志》方法进行,血清学检测采用微量血凝法检测F1抗体、抗原。对阳性材料用试管微量法复判,最终以自治区CDC复判为结果。结果2007年年均总鼠密度比2006年下降0．7％,宿主增加2种。城区优势种以小家鼠替代了2006年的褐家鼠,印鼠客蚤染蚤率、蚤指数比2006年急剧下降。在野外区优势种大沙鼠的染蚤率、蚤指数则高于2006年。蚤类仍以臀突客蚤为优势蚤种,比2006年增加了2种。结论两年中在口岸城区褐家鼠优势宿主及媒介蚤类种群、密度发生了改变。在口岸周边野外区大沙鼠仍为优势种群地位,2007年在口岸城郊区进一步摸清了大沙鼠的分布范围。并且该鼠密度、染蚤率、蚤指数两年间均持在较高状态,预测近期动物间鼠疫流行不会改变。今后应高度关注家、野栖宿主动物及媒介蚤的转移、交换。进一步提高监测水平。     

Selection bias: neighbourhood controls and controls selected from those presenting to a Health Unit in a case control study of efficacy of BCG revaccination

Background  

In most case control studies the hardest decision is the choice of the control group, as in the ideal control group the proportion exposed is the same as in the population that produced the cases.     

Modular endoprosthetic replacement for metastatic tumours of the proximal femur

Background and aims  

Endoprosthetic replacements of the proximal femur are commonly required to treat destructive metastases with either impending or actual pathological fractures at this site. Modular prostheses provide an off the shelf availability and can be adapted to most reconstructive situations for proximal femoral replacements. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and functional outcomes following modular tumour prosthesis reconstruction of the proximal femur in 100 consecutive patients with metastatic tumours and to compare them with the published results of patients with modular and custom made endoprosthetic replacements.     

Laparoscopic hysterectomy in a case of male pseudohermaphroditism with persistent Mullerian duct derivatives

We describe laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment for a case of dysgenetic male pseudohermaphroditism with persistent Mullerian ducts. The patient, a 32 year old man, with a history of surgery for hypospadias and cryptorchidism during childhood, was referred because of anejaculation. He was of short stature, with male external genitalia composed of a small penis and hypoplastic testis (1 ml right, 6 ml left side). Plasma follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was high (17 mUI/ml), testosterone low (1.9 ng/ml), and his karyotype was 46,XY. Pelvic ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and genitography disclosed a uterine-like structure with cavity communicating with the urethra. Laparoscopy and urethrocystoscopy confirmed the presence of a 4 cm uterus, which was removed endoscopically at the same time. A biopsy of the left gonad was also performed. The uterus contained endometrial tissue and was fibrotic. Histology of the left gonad showed spermatocytic arrest. We diagnosed dysgenetic male pseudohermaphroditism. Laparoscopy, in our opinion, is an optimal tool to diagnose and treat abnormal sexual conditions.