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Although trophozoites of Giardia lamblia have not been demonstrated to possess the capacity for synthesis of phospholipids, these protozoan parasites would be exposed to fatty acids within the human small intestine. We have evaluated the metabolic incorporation of arachidonic and palmitic acids by Giardia trophozoites. Trophozoites (2.25 X 10(6)) were incubated with 12 nM [3H]fatty acid for up to 60 min. Uptake of [3H]arachidonate by trophozoites was rapid, increasing from 37% at 1 min to 65% at 10 min. Uptake of palmitate was rapid but less extensive. In contrast to palmitate, almost all of the trophozoite-associated [3H]arachidonate was esterified into phospholipids and neutral lipids. By 1 and 60 min 37% and 82% of [3H]arachidonate, respectively, were incorporated into phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine. Peak incorporation of [3H]arachidonate into phosphatidylcholine (30 mmol [3H]fatty acid (mol phospholipid)-1) occurred at 60 min; whereas incorporation into the pool of phosphatidylinositol, which accounted for only 4% of trophozoite phospholipid, was maximal at 10 min (190 mmol [3H]fatty acid (mol phospholipid)-1) and declined significantly thereafter as arachidonic acid was released from phosphatidylinositol. Therefore, Giardia trophozoites not only utilize exogenous fatty acids in the formation of glycerolipids but also preferentially incorporate arachidonic acid into a metabolically active pool of phosphatidylinositol. 相似文献
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Aaron Persinger Matthew Butawan Martina Faietti Ashley Pryke Kyley Rose Marie van der Merwe Richard J. Bloomer Melissa J. Puppa 《Nutrients》2021,13(5)
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is becoming a popular way of eating in physically active populations, despite a lack of research on metabolic and performance outcomes as they relate to the timing of food consumption in relation to the time of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if the timing of feeding/fasting after exercise training differently affects muscle metabolic flexibility and response to an acute bout of exercise. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized to one of three groups for 8 weeks. The control had ad libitum access to food before and after exercise training. TRF-immediate had immediate access to food for 6 h following exercise training and the TRF-delayed group had access to food 5-h post exercise for 6 h. The timing of fasting did not impact performance in a run to fatigue despite TRF groups having lower hindlimb muscle mass. TRF-delayed had lower levels of muscle HSL mRNA expression and lower levels of PGC-1α expression but displayed no changes in electron transport chain enzymes. These results suggest that in young populations consuming a healthy diet and exercising, the timing of fasting may not substantially impact metabolic flexibility and running performance. 相似文献
86.
Ashford Kristin McCubbin Andrea Barnett Janine Blair Lisa M. Lei Feitong Bush Heather Breland Alison 《Maternal and child health journal》2021,25(8):1175-1181
Maternal and Child Health Journal - In the US, approximately 8% of pregnant women smoke, and 5–11.9% currently use ENDS products. The health effects of ENDS use are debated; however, most... 相似文献
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Chuyuan Wang Patricia Solís Lily Villa Nayan Khare Elizabeth A. Wentz Aaron Gettel 《Journal of urban health》2021,98(3):344
The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of a confluence of demographic, socioeconomic, housing, and environmental factors that systematically contribute to heat-related morbidity in Maricopa County, Arizona, from theoretical, empirical, and spatial perspectives. The present study utilized ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to analyze health data, U.S. census data, and remotely sensed data. The results suggested that the MGWR model showed a significant improvement in goodness of fit over the OLS regression model, which implies that spatial heterogeneity is an essential factor that influences the relationship between these factors. Populations of people aged 65+, Hispanic people, disabled people, people who do not own vehicles, and housing occupancy rate have much stronger local effects than other variables. These findings can be used to inform and educate local residents, communities, stakeholders, city managers, and urban planners in their ongoing and extensive efforts to mitigate the negative impacts of extreme heat on human health in Maricopa County. 相似文献
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Adams Brian J. Turner Blair Wang Xinzi Marro Rachel Miller Elizabeth Phillips Gregory Coulter Robert W. S. 《Prevention science》2021,22(2):227-236
Prevention Science - Intimate partner violence (IPV) impacts sexual minority adolescents at rates equal to or greater than the rate it impacts heterosexual adolescents. We investigated whether... 相似文献
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Beighley Adam Glynn Ryan Scullen Tyler Mathkour Mansour Werner Cassidy Berry John F. Carr Christopher Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam Aysenne Aimee Nerva John D. Dumont Aaron S. 《Neurosurgical review》2021,44(5):2511-2522
Neurosurgical Review - Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is an emergent condition requiring rapid intervention and prolonged monitoring. There are few recommendations regarding the... 相似文献