简析《国外医学》系列杂志的学科组成

《国外医学》系列杂志是我国出版的大型情报类医学期刊。到目前为止,《国外医学》共有44个分册,按出版周期分为季刊、双月刊、月刊三种,每卷容量从     

肝硬化并发胆囊结石56例治疗体会

肝硬化患者胆囊结石发病率约为正常人的 3倍 [1 ] 。此类患者因肝脏功能受损 ,行胆管手术的危险大 ,病死率高。我院于 1990年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月共手术治疗 5 6例 ,分析如下。1　临床资料　　本组男 30例 ,女 2 6例。年龄 35～ 71岁。肝硬化诊断根据病史、临床表现、实验室检查 ,并经手术证实。术中见肝脏萎缩、质硬、表面呈多个大小不等结节 ,部分病例脾肿大和腹水。肝功能按 Child- pugh分级标准属 A级 31例、B级 15例、C级10例。有消化道出血史和明显食管胃底静脉曲张 12例 ,曾行断流手术 4例。　　本组病例均有不同程度右上腹部疼…     

MDS患者P15基因高度甲基化的研究

目的 :研究P15基因通过甲基化失活在骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS)发病中的作用。方法 :用甲基化敏感的限制性核酸内切酶消化 ,结合聚合酶链反应 (PCR)技术。结果 :2 0例MDS患者中发现有 9例 (45 % )存在P15基因高度甲基化 ,且多为高危MDS (RAEB、RAEB_t) (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :P15基因可通过甲基化而失活 ,可能与部分MDS的发生及发展有关。     

平阳霉素对呼吸道黏膜的影响及其预防探讨

目的　观察平阳霉素对健康Wistar大鼠鼻和气管黏膜组织形态、超微结构的影响并探讨维生素E(VitE)、复方丹参注射液对它的干预作用。方法　健康Wistar大鼠 3 0只采用随机数字表法分为 4组 ,甲组 :对照组 (腹腔注射 0 9%氯化钠溶液 ) ;乙组 :平阳霉素腹腔注射组 ,每次 1 0mg/kg体重每周 2次 ,共 4周 ;丙组 :平阳霉素腹腔注射 +VitE灌胃组 ;丁组 :平阳霉素腹腔注射 +复方丹参注射液腹腔注射组。于 1、2、4、6周取鼻和气管黏膜行光镜和电镜观察。结果　乙组在第 1周见细胞水肿、变性 ,表现为内质网扩张 ,线粒体肿胀 ,嵴排列紊乱 ,线粒体空泡化 ,部分细胞线粒体减少 ,核周间隙轻度扩大 ,染色质轻度边集等。第 2周见上皮细胞坏死、脱落 ,细胞膜破裂 ,线粒体、内质网等细胞器外溢。第 4周细胞受损伤程度更加重 ,停药 2周后仍呈较重损伤。丙、丁 2组均可见细胞受损伤程度明显减轻 ,且出现时间推迟 ,停用平阳霉素并续用VitE、复方丹参注射液 2周可见细胞无明显改变 ,与甲组相似。结论　平阳霉素可损伤健康Wistar大鼠鼻和气管黏膜 ,并随剂量增加而损伤程度加重 ;VitE、复方丹参注射液均可减轻平阳霉素对Wistar大鼠鼻和气管黏膜的损害 ,对平阳霉素的呼吸道黏膜损伤具有保护作用     

藻鳖软肝汤对实验性肝纤维化大鼠作用的研究

目的：研究藻鳖软肝汤抗纤维化的作用。方法：用CCl4复合因素制备大鼠肝纤维化模型，同时用藻鳖软肝汤治疗，用生理盐水作对照，观察其对肝功能及纤维化指标的影响。结果：藻鳖软肝汤对肝纤维化大鼠，有显著降低血清透明质酸（HA）、Ⅲ型前胶原（PCⅢ）、Ⅳ型胶原（Ⅳ-C）；明显改善肝功能的作用。结论：藻鳖软肝汤具有确切的抗纤维化作用。     

泪道内镜下治疗泪道阻塞性疾病的初步观察

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of lacrimal endoscope treatment for lacrimal passage obstruction, and to compare the effectiveness of endoscopically controlled laser surgery and micro-drill surgery for lacrimal passage obstruction. Methods It was a prospective random controlled trial. Eighty nine patients (104 eyes) with lacrimal passage obstruction, including presaccal canalicular obstruction (PSCO) and nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), were collected from September 2006 to December 2006 in Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Patients were examined by endoscopy of the lacrimal drainage system under local anesthesia to detect the obstruction and changes of lacrimal mucous membrane. The obstructions were treated with laser or microdrill. Irrigation was performed to prove the recanalization of the lacrimal passage followed by injected ointment with 0.3% tobramycin and 0.1% dexamethasone into the lacrimal passage. All patients were followed up after the operation for 9-12 months. The difference between the laser and the microdrill treatment was observed. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the curative effect and complications differences between these two groups. Results The obstruction scene in the lacrimal passage of 89 patients could be observed effectively. All obstructions (104/104 eyes) were eliminated after the operation. Through the follow-up, the cure rate reached 78.85% (82/104 eyes). The cure rate of PSCO group and NLDO group, reached 77.78% (42/54 eyes) and 80.00% (40/50 eyes), respectively (χ2=0.077,P=0.782). The cure rate of laser group and micro-drill group, was 80.43% (37/46 eyes) and 77.59% (45/58 eyes), respectively (χ2=0.125,P=0.724). The cure rate of laser treatment was 89.66% (26/29 eyes) in the PSCO group and 64.71% (11/17 eyes) in the NLDO group (P=0.040). The cure rate of micro-drill treatment was 64.00% (16/25 eyes) in the PSCO group and 87.88% (29/33 eyes) in the NLDO group (χ2=4.664,P=0.031). Hemorrhage and palpebral edema occurred in 10.87% (5/46 eyes) and 4.35% (2/46 eyes) after laser treatment, respectively. Percentage of hemorrhage and palpebral edema after the micro-drill treatment was 55.17% (32/58 eyes) (compared to the laser group, χ2=21.969,P=0.000) and 6.90% (4/58 eyes) (compared to the laser group, χ2=0.017 ,P=0.896). Conclusions Lacrimal passage obstruction can be observed and treated directly through the endoscopy of lacrimal drainage system. Choosing an appropriate surgical procedure according to the locations of the obstruction can be helpful for improving the effectiveness of the operation.     

进境羊毛中沙门氏菌的分离与鉴定

目的:沙门氏菌广泛分布于自然界,寄居于人或动物的肠道内,绝大数沙门氏菌对人和动物有致病性,能引起人和动物的多种不同临床表现的沙门氏菌病,并为人类食物中毒的主要病原之一,在医学、兽医和公共卫生上均十分重要。在对来自澳大利亚的一批羊毛进行检测时,分离到一株可疑菌落,经过革兰氏染色镜检、生化特征、血清诊断、API条、miniVIDAS仪器确定为沙门氏菌,这在羊毛中尚属首次分离到该细菌。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶部分质量标准的研究

采用亲和层析、凝胶层析对蚯蚓粗提液进行分离、纯化,得到蚯蚓纤溶酶纯化样品,并对其活性、含量、纯度等检测方法进行了试验研究,确定HPLC、SDS-PAGE电泳、280nm紫外吸收、琼脂糖-纤维蛋白平板法分别为蚯蚓纤溶酶的纯度、相对分子量、含量及活性的检测方法.同时又对纯化的蚯蚓纤溶酶进行了N-末端的测序,获得了重要的蚯蚓纤溶酶分子生物学的研究资料.     

中西医结合护理途径调研与探讨

目的探讨和研究中西医结合护理途径,更好配合医生,服务患者。方法护理工作是医疗工作的一个重要组成部分,护理工作如何进行中西医结合,是一个新课题,就怎样发挥中医护理的优势,笔者进行了大量的实践和探索。结论通过中西医结合更科学、更完善、更系统化的途径,推进新时期的护理模式,在护理工作中取得了较满意的临床效果。