腹腔镜经肝门板半肝血流阻断在左半肝切除中的应用

目的 评估腹腔镜下经肝门板半肝血流阻断方法在左半肝切除中的安全性和可行性.方法 我院2010年9月至2011年4月采用腹腔镜下经肝门板半肝血流阻断方法行左半肝切除5例患者,分析其术中手术情况及术后并发症及肝功能情况.结果 5例患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹.术中出血量100~450 ml,平均(256.0±126.5)ml;手术时间180~255 min,平均(215.0±29.4)min;术后住院时间5~12 d,平均(7.2±2.8)d;术后出现胆漏1例,经腹腔引流后痊愈;无围手术期死亡.患者术后第1 d,ALT、AST及TBIL水平有所升高,ALB水平下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);但术后第4 d,所有肝功能监测主要指标已恢复到术前水平,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 腹腔镜下经肝门板半肝血流阻断法在半肝切除中安全可行.     

超声引导PTC在恶性梗阻性黄疸诊断中的应用

目的总结经皮肝穿刺胆道造影(PTC)对恶性梗阻性黄疸的诊断价值并将超声引导经皮肝穿刺胆道造影(U—PTC)和常规(X—PTC)进行比较。方法将该院2001年7月～2004年3月间进行的U—PTC(12例)同X一PTC(31例)进行比较。结果二者均对恶性梗阻性黄疸的诊断提供较为丰富的信息，但U—PTC较PTC更具有优点。结论PTC在恶性梗阻性黄疸的诊断中具有自身的优势，U—PTC较PTC具有具有操作时间短、成功率高、并发症少、病人痛苦小等优点，值得在临床推广。     

超声引导经皮置管引流在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用价值

目的探讨超声引导经皮置管引流在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用价值。方法自2002年1月至2004年6月对9例重症急性胰腺炎采用了包括超声引导经皮置管引流在内的多种非手术治疗手段,其中对6例腹腔渗液较多者,实施超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流和腹腔灌洗;对4例合并胰腺周围积液并感染者,实施超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流。结果9例病人全部治愈,包括1例暴发性急性胰腺炎,无一例需手术治疗,腹腔引流管留置时间为5～7d,胰周引流管留置时间为7～60d(平均为30d),住院时间32～152d,平均68d。结论超声引导经皮置管引流对于重症急性胰腺炎腹腔积液较多者以及胰腺周围积液合并感染者能够进行简便、安全、有效的治疗,它的成功应用为非手术治疗重症急性胰腺炎提供了有益的经验。     

对甲根部以远断指再植术血管吻合方式的研究

目的:探讨甲根部以远断指再植术的血管吻合方式。方法:对2007年1月~2012年12月期间在我院行甲根部以远断指再植术的300例患者(共有416根断指)的临床资料进行回顾性研究。我们对这300例患者实施了甲根部以远断指再植术。在手术中,我们根据这300例患者断指断面的血管条件,采取了五种血管吻合方式。结果:在这300例患者的416根断指中,有389根手指再植成功,有27根手指再植失败(含甲床坏死),再植成功率为93.5%。结论:在进行甲根部以远断指再植术的过程中,临床医生只有根据断指断面血管的条件灵活地选择血管吻合方式,才能有效地提高断指再植的成功率,扩大甲根部以远断指再植手术的适应症。     

骨髓源性肝干细胞的筛选、扩增和分化

Objective To explore the feasibility of direct separation, selective proliferation and differentiation of BDLSC from hone marrow cells with culture systems containing cholestatic serum in vitro.Methods Whole bone marrow cells of rats cultured in routine medium were replaced with con-ditioning selection media containing eholestatic sera of different concentrations after they attached to the plates.The optimal concentration of cholestatic serum was determined according to the outcome of the selected cultures.Then the selected BDLSC were induced to proliferating culture system and dif-ferentiating culture system.Each passage of the proliferated stem cells was subjected to flow cytome-try for detection of stem cell markers.The morphology and phenotypie markers of BDLSC were char-acterized using immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and electron microscopy.The metabolic functions of differentiated cells were also determined by glycogen staining and urea assay.Results The 50 ml/L eholestatie serum was the optimal concentration for the selection of BDLSC at which BDLSC could sur-vive while the other populations of the bone marrow cells could not.The purified BDLSC could prolif-erate for 6 passages and maintained stable markers in our proliferating system.When the culture sys-tem changed to differentiating system, hepatocyte-like colony-forming units (HCFU) were formed.HCFU expressed markers of embryonic hepatoeytes (AFP, albumin and cytokeratin 8/18), biliary cells (cytokeratin 19), hepatocyte functional proteins (transthyretin and eytoehrome P450-2b1), and hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNF-1α and HNF-3β).They also had glycogen storage and urea synthesis functions, two of the critical features of hepatocytes.Conclusion BDLSC can be selected directly from whole bone marrow cells and pure BDLSC can also proliferate for 6 passages.The differentiated cells have hepatocyte-like phenotype and function.BDLSC will he a new way to provide a readily avail-able alternate source of cells for clinical hepatocyte therapy.     

亲属活体供肝移植一例

我院于 2 0 0 2年 6月 4日施行了亲属活体供肝移植 1例。供者为男性 ,6 4岁 ,体重 5 0kg ,系受者的亲父 ,无肝炎病史 ,术前各项检查均在正常范围 ,血型为O型。受者为男性 ,30岁 ,体重 5 5kg ,因急性暴发性肝功能衰竭入我院传染科。入院时神志模糊、烦躁 ,有明显扑翼样振颤 ,肝浊音界缩小。每日予以护肝治疗和混合型人工肝支持治疗。血型为O型。供者术前先行肝动脉造影 ,以了解肝动脉情况。全身麻醉 ,取右肋缘下切口进腹 ,先经胆囊管行术中胆道造影。游离肝脏 ,解剖第一、二、三肝门 ,分别游离出肝右动脉、门静脉右支、胆管右支以及肝右静脉…     

超声造影在等回声肝癌局部射频消融治疗中的临床价值

目的:探讨超声造影(contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)在等回声肝癌局部射频消融治疗中的临床价值。方法:术前患者的甲胎蛋白(AFP)明显升高,彩超反复检查均未能发现病灶,加做增强MR(contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance,CEMR)检查13例均证实肝内有癌灶;以CEMR图片为参照,于同一肝区行CEUS,成功检出肝内病灶;后于CEUS引导下对13例13个肝癌病灶行局部射频消融治疗术。术后用CEUS评价疗效,并与同期CEMR对比分析。结果:术后1个月复查CEUS提示病灶完全消融为92.3%(12/13)、不完全消融为7.7%(1/13),与CEMR提示相符。术后11例AFP下降至正常水平;2例下降不正常:其中1例为不完全消融,另1例病灶完全消融,但CEUS意外发现新增直径约6 mm小卫星灶,后CEMR加以证实。结论:CEUS不仅使等回声肝癌局部射频消融治疗用超声引导手段得以实施,而且各方面效果堪与CEMR相媲美,值得临床推广。     

全肠外营养在腹部外科围手术期的应用体会

目的自1998年12月以来对53例腹部大、中手术的病人,在围手术期辅以全肠外营养支持治疗(TPN)的作用。     

骨髓源性肝干细胞的筛选、扩增和分化

Objective To explore the feasibility of direct separation, selective proliferation and differentiation of BDLSC from hone marrow cells with culture systems containing cholestatic serum in vitro.Methods Whole bone marrow cells of rats cultured in routine medium were replaced with con-ditioning selection media containing eholestatic sera of different concentrations after they attached to the plates.The optimal concentration of cholestatic serum was determined according to the outcome of the selected cultures.Then the selected BDLSC were induced to proliferating culture system and dif-ferentiating culture system.Each passage of the proliferated stem cells was subjected to flow cytome-try for detection of stem cell markers.The morphology and phenotypie markers of BDLSC were char-acterized using immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and electron microscopy.The metabolic functions of differentiated cells were also determined by glycogen staining and urea assay.Results The 50 ml/L eholestatie serum was the optimal concentration for the selection of BDLSC at which BDLSC could sur-vive while the other populations of the bone marrow cells could not.The purified BDLSC could prolif-erate for 6 passages and maintained stable markers in our proliferating system.When the culture sys-tem changed to differentiating system, hepatocyte-like colony-forming units (HCFU) were formed.HCFU expressed markers of embryonic hepatoeytes (AFP, albumin and cytokeratin 8/18), biliary cells (cytokeratin 19), hepatocyte functional proteins (transthyretin and eytoehrome P450-2b1), and hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNF-1α and HNF-3β).They also had glycogen storage and urea synthesis functions, two of the critical features of hepatocytes.Conclusion BDLSC can be selected directly from whole bone marrow cells and pure BDLSC can also proliferate for 6 passages.The differentiated cells have hepatocyte-like phenotype and function.BDLSC will he a new way to provide a readily avail-able alternate source of cells for clinical hepatocyte therapy.     

玉屏风颗粒治疗乳腺癌三苯氧胺不良反应疗效观察

目的观察玉屏风颗粒治疗乳腺癌三苯氧胺不良反应的疗效及作用机制。方法将患者分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组服用三苯氧胺的同时加用玉屏风颗粒,对照组服用三苯氧胺的同时服用谷维素维生素B族,观察2组患者症状改善情况。结果与对照组比较,治疗组患者临床症状改善情况明显优于对照组。结论玉屏风颗粒治疗乳腺癌三苯氧胺不良反应疗效确切,携带与服用方便,值得临床推广应用。