大剂量补钙及早期手术治疗氢氟酸深度烧伤11例

氢氟酸对人体皮肤、软组织和骨骼具有高度腐蚀性 ,高浓度或较大面积氢氟酸烧伤后 ,还可因氟离子的迅速吸收导致严重低钙血症而危及生命。我科采用大量补钙及早期切痂手术治疗氢氟酸烧伤 11例 ,取得较好疗效 ,现介绍如下。患者男 ,2 5岁 ,头面部氢氟酸烧伤 ,清水冲洗 15ｍｉｎ后     

不同敷料组合对烧伤患者供皮区创面微环境的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of dressing materials in various combinations on bum wound microenvironment and healing condition. Methods Two hundred donor sites with wounds of 0.3 mm in depth in 186 burn patients, who needed skingrafting and admitted to our ward were enrolled in study, and they were divided into A ( with dressing composed of aiginate + cotton pad for donor area), B ( with dressing composed of vaseline gauze + cotton pad for donor area) , C (with dressing composed of algi-nate+ foam dressing for donor area), D ( with dressing composed of vaseline gauze + foam dressing for donor area) groups according to random table method. Effect of dressings on wound evaporation and pH value were observed. Bacterial colonization, degree of pain complained by patients after dressing change, and wound healing time in each group were compared. Results One hundred and eighty-four patients complied with the study, while 2 patients were excluded due to untimely falling-off of the dressing. Wound evaporaton in respectively, among them B group showed optimal effect of keeping humidity (P<0.01). Wound pH value in A, B, C, D groups was 7.22±0.06, 7.41±0.03, 7.05±0.03, 7.34±0.06, respectively, among them it was highest in B group. The positive rate of bacteria in D group was highest (22.4%), and lowest in C group (4.0%). Pain was lightest in C group (score was 0.98±0.12), and most serious in B group ( score was 8.14±0.82). The shortest wound healing time was seen in C group (6.7±0.8 d) , and longest in D group (15.6±3.5 d). Conclusions Application of various dressings on similar wounds can pro-duce different wound microenvironment, which is closely related to wound healing time. Compared with pH value, humidity is the more important factor for wound healing.     

急性精神病性表现的库欣综合征：一例病例报告

概述：一位36岁的中国女性因出现狂躁、被害妄想和自杀意念3天被送至某综合医院急诊。六个月来患者易醒、过度警觉并出现躯体症状。入心身病房后,体检发现该患者满月脸、突眼,且双腿有紫纹,因此考虑急性精神症状继发于库欣综合征。血浆皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocoritcotropic hormone, ACTH)水平升高,腹部计算机断层扫描(computed tomography, CT)发现左肾上腺肿块,证实了该诊断。使用小剂量喹硫平(75-125 mg/d)和阿普唑仑(0.4 mg/qn)来控制精神病性症状并改善其睡眠。将一个良性的非ACTH依赖性肾上腺肿瘤手术切除后,患者的皮质醇和ACTH水平恢复正常,其精神症状也在一个月内逐渐减少,此时该患者出院。患者出院后一直门诊随诊,维持喹硫平治疗（因为担心停药对睡眠和情绪稳定的影响）,总时间持续1年左右,剂量从50mg渐减至25mg至减停。这时她的精神症状已经完全消失。该病例中,病人具有库欣综合征的特殊症状,因此相对容易诊断;但在库欣综合征中急性精神病性症状可能会危及生命,也可能不出现库欣综合征的典型躯体症状（如果皮质醇增多症不严重）,所以临床精神科医师在鉴别难以解释的急性精神病时,应该始终考虑将库欣综合征纳入可能的鉴别诊断。     

磁性矫正器治疗槌状指畸形的实验研究

目的:探讨槌状指畸形磁性矫正器治疗槌状指畸形的可行性。方法:将新鲜尸体手指标本植入相应大小的永磁铁钉,观察其伸指和屈指效果,分析此方法治疗槌状指畸形的可行性。结果:5例手指标本剔除皮肤、筋膜等软组织,保留手指伸、屈指肌腱,置入永磁铁钉后,根据Dargan功能评定法评定手指关节功能:优3例,良1例,可1例,差0例,优良率为80%。15例手指标本在保留所有组织后,模拟临床进行手术,采用掌侧入路植入相应大小的永磁铁钉,根据Dargan功能评定法评定术后患指关节功能:优10例,良4例,可0例,差1例,评分优良率为93.3%。所有标本术后的屈指活动范围与术前无区别。结论:槌状指畸形磁性矫正器治疗槌状指畸形具有可行性。     

新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病的低场强MRI表现及诊断价值

[目的]探讨低场强磁共振成像（MRI）在新生儿窒息后所致缺血缺氧性脑病中的诊断价值。[方法]回顾性分析临床确诊的30例出生后20天的内新生儿HIE病例低场强MRI表现。[结果]30例HIE轻度18例,主要表现为皮层及皮层深部有点状及条状异常信号,T2加权像（T2WI）上呈高信号,其中2例伴有蛛网膜下腔少量出血;中度10例,T1加权像（T1WI）表现多个脑叶皮层及皮层深部白质内对称点状高信号及/或沿侧室壁条带状高信号,2例伴有局限性脑水肿;重度2例,1例患儿多个脑叶有病变,正常高低相间的灰白质分界不清,结构消失,1例T1WI双侧额叶、顶叶、枕叶深部白质、双侧丘脑、侧脑室周围半卵圆中心可见斑片状不均匀高信号。[结论]MRI对新生儿HIE的诊断具有较高的特异性、敏感性。     

提高胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤诊断水平的方法分析

胰腺是神经内分泌肿瘤(neuroendocrine neoplasm,NEN)的好发部位,近年来胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤(pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms,P-NENs)的发病率呈不断上升趋势[1].P-NENs因其总的发病率低、生物学行为独特、临床表现多样化,常难与具有相同临床症状的其他疾病鉴别,早期确诊难度大,但是部分P-NENs恶性程度低,如能及早确诊、及时治疗,预后较好[2-4].现将提高P-NENs的诊断水平的方法介绍如下.     

不同敷料组合对烧伤患者供皮区创面微环境的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of dressing materials in various combinations on bum wound microenvironment and healing condition. Methods Two hundred donor sites with wounds of 0.3 mm in depth in 186 burn patients, who needed skingrafting and admitted to our ward were enrolled in study, and they were divided into A ( with dressing composed of aiginate + cotton pad for donor area), B ( with dressing composed of vaseline gauze + cotton pad for donor area) , C (with dressing composed of algi-nate+ foam dressing for donor area), D ( with dressing composed of vaseline gauze + foam dressing for donor area) groups according to random table method. Effect of dressings on wound evaporation and pH value were observed. Bacterial colonization, degree of pain complained by patients after dressing change, and wound healing time in each group were compared. Results One hundred and eighty-four patients complied with the study, while 2 patients were excluded due to untimely falling-off of the dressing. Wound evaporaton in respectively, among them B group showed optimal effect of keeping humidity (P<0.01). Wound pH value in A, B, C, D groups was 7.22±0.06, 7.41±0.03, 7.05±0.03, 7.34±0.06, respectively, among them it was highest in B group. The positive rate of bacteria in D group was highest (22.4%), and lowest in C group (4.0%). Pain was lightest in C group (score was 0.98±0.12), and most serious in B group ( score was 8.14±0.82). The shortest wound healing time was seen in C group (6.7±0.8 d) , and longest in D group (15.6±3.5 d). Conclusions Application of various dressings on similar wounds can pro-duce different wound microenvironment, which is closely related to wound healing time. Compared with pH value, humidity is the more important factor for wound healing.     

MIPO与切开复位钢板内固定治疗肱骨中下段骨折的比较研究

目的 比较用微创内固定技术(MIPO)与传统切开复位钢板内固定治疗肱骨中下段骨折的临床效果.方法 55例肱骨中下段骨折,其中行MIPO技术治疗25例,传统切开复位钢板内固定30例,对术中和术后的各项指标进行分析.采用SAS 6.12软件对统计数据进行处理.结果 MIPO组在术中出血、术后平均住院时间、骨折平均愈合时间、骨不连和桡神经损伤发生率以及肘关节术后功能等方面优于传统切开复位内固定技术.结论 肱骨中下段骨折采用MIPO技术治疗不仅创伤小、术中出血少、术后恢复快,可更快地骨性愈合、获得良好的肩肘功能,而且同时具有不显露桡神经和减少医源性桡神经损伤发生风险的优点.     

DNT细胞对肿瘤细胞作用的研究进展

DNT细胞(CD4-CD8-double-negative T cells)是新发现的一种免疫细胞,其特点是细胞表而既不表达CD4分子同时也不表达CD8分子.近年来,通过免疫疗法可以使肿瘤患者的愈后及生存质量得到很大的改善和提高.免疫细胞可以通过免疫调节或直接杀伤的途径作用于肿瘤细胞,因此研究DNT细胞对肿瘤细胞的作用将有重要意义.