腰椎退变影响拔伸按压手法生物力学作用的有限元研究

目的:研究腰椎退变对拔伸按压手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的生物力学影响。方法:应用L_(3～5)运动节段轻度退变与中度退变模型进行研究。假定腰椎间盘突出发生于L_4椎间盘左侧,为模拟拔伸按压手法,L_3椎体上终板固定,L_5椎体下终板施以500 N拉力;在L_(4～5)运动节段左侧椎板分别施以50 N与80 N按压力,比较两模型在不同按压力作用下L_4椎间盘左后方位移与L_(4～5)运动节段左侧小关节接触力。结果:手法按压力分别为50 N与80 N时,与轻度退变模型相比,中度退变模型L_4椎间盘左后方位移分别下降18.1%与34.5%,小关节接触力分别下降17.6%与43.4%;当按压力由50 N增至80 N,轻度退变与中度退变模型L_4椎间盘左后方位移分别增加146.3%与96.8%,小关节接触力分别增加195.9%与103.3%。结论:腰椎退变影响拔伸按压手法生物力学效应,但并不增加腰椎小关节接触力。     

自发性2型糖尿病恒河猴双心室形变的心脏磁共振分析

  目的  利用心脏磁共振组织追踪技术(CMR-tissue tracking)探讨自发性2型糖尿病(T2DM)恒河猴双心室的心肌形变特征。  方法  选取12只雄性自发性T2DM恒河猴以及9只年龄、性别及体质量匹配的健康恒河猴,排除高血压、心肌梗死;测定空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平以及血脂水平;行CMR扫描覆盖左、右心室的电影序列,使用常规心功能分析及CMR-tissue tracking后处理评价双心室的心功能以及心肌形变。  结果  T2DM组空腹血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平明显增高,两组间体质量、年龄差异无统计学意义。心功能分析显示T2DM组双心室射血分数均无显著降低;组织追踪结果显示右室自由壁的收缩形变参数〔包括径向及环向应变峰值(Err、Ecc)、收缩期应变率峰值(SSRR、SSRC)的大小〕均明显降低,舒张形变参数〔包括径向、环向和纵向舒张期应变率峰值(DSRR、DSRC、DSRL)的大小〕均显著降低;而左室的收缩形变参数〔径向及环向应变峰值(Err、Ecc)〕以及舒张形变参数〔径向舒张期应变率峰值(DSRR)〕显著降低。  结论  CMR-tissue tracking技术能发现自发性T2DM恒河猴的右心室与左心室同时存在收缩及舒张形变功能的异常。     

重症急性胰腺炎的中西医结合治疗

重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)是严重的外科急腹症之一,病情凶险,并发症多,病死率高,而且近年来发病率呈逐年增加趋势.现代医学认为,SAP是局部病变导致全身性的病理生理紊乱,诊断可按照胰腺出现坏死或脓肿、假性囊肿等局部并发症,伴有器官功能衰竭,Ranson评分≥3,APACHE Ⅱ评分≥8.中医把SAP归为腹痛的范畴,认为脏腑气机不利,气血运行不畅,经脉流行阻滞而出现实痛;气血不足,阳气虚弱,则脏腑经脉失于温养,气血运行无力而成虚痛.     

Bryan颈人工椎间盘置换术失败原因分析

Objective To analyze the failed Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty and to improve its re-sults. Methods From October 2004 to October 2007, 48 patients underwent Bryan cervical disc arthro-plasty. All patients were followed up 2 to 38 months(mean 18 months). Among them, 4 failed cases were an-alyzed, which include 1 male and 3 females, with the age of 42, 51, 40, 49 years. Results Case 1 reported the brachial plexus injury as the result of the patient's shoulders being overstretched while fixing his position during operation, the muscular power of both upper extremities declining to degree Ⅱ and Ⅲ upon operation completion, which was restored to degree 4 when discharged from hospital (45 days after operation). Case 2 reported the compression on the spinal cord as the result of failure to remove the ossification of posterior lon-gitudinal ligament (OPLL) which had been identified by the preoperative CT; the patient complained of no release of symptoms after the operation and postoperative CT showed that compression still existed. Case 3 reported incomplete spinal cord injury caused by massive bleeding during decompression, a function of ex-tremely small vertebral canal anteroposterior diameter (5 mm shown in preoperative MRI); the muscular pow-er of left extremity dropped to degree 0 upon operation completion; the patient could walk with crutch 10 days after operation. Case 4 reported'heterotopic ossification (OP) which occurred 1 year after operation and became deteriorated 2 years later, but did not affect the motion of prosthesis. Conclusion Bryan disc arthroplasty is being extensively used as an effective procedure for decompression and reconstruction of the cervical disc. Excellent clinical results are related to strict selection of indications, perioperative manage-ment, and the experience and surgical technique of the surgeon are also important to the final outcome.     

先天性甲状腺机能低下的新生儿筛查

从1981年10月至1982年9月以及1983年7月至1984年4月对来自上海市区14个医疗单位的部分新生儿进行先天性甲低筛查。以末梢血滤纸干血斑TSH浓度为指标,于出生72小时后采血,用酶免疫法(EIA)测定,正常值为<2μU/ml,>15μU/ml为阳性,需复查及进一步随访检查。21个月中共筛查27,493例,其中39例复检2次后正常,3例复查3次后正常,4例经复查及确诊检查为先天性原发性甲低。本组复查率为0.3％;发病率为1/6,873。     

慢性布氏菌病病人红细胞免疫功能的初步研究

1981年 Siegl 等提出了“红细胞免疫系统的新概念,指出红细胞不仅具有呼吸功能,而且备免疫功能。人体血循环中的C_3b 受体有95%位于红细胞膜上,红细胞通过 C_3b 受体清除免疫复合物的能力是白细胞的500～1000倍。并证明自家免疫性疾病患者红细胞粘附免疫复合物能力高。但布氏菌病(以下简称布病)病人红细胞免疫功能如何尚未见到报导。     

颅脑钙化灶的MR磁敏感成像

目的:探讨磁敏感成像技术(SWI)对显示颅内钙化灶的敏感性,并探讨钙化灶在SWI序列中的信号特点。方法:搜13例颅内钙化患者(共56处钙化灶)均进行CT和MRT1WI、T2WI和SWI扫描。结果:钙化灶在T1WI和T2WI上信号多样,没有特异性;在SWI相位校正图上显示为高信号或以高信号为主的混杂信号;在SWI重建图中显示为低信号。98.21%(55/56)的钙化灶DWI上均能显示,且病灶大小和形态与CT所见一致。颅内生理性和病理性钙化灶在SWI序列上检出率和信号特点的差异无统计学意义;脑实质内和脑室系统内钙化灶在SWI序列上检出率和信号特点的差异无统计意义。结论:SWI序列对颅内钙化灶的显示和检出敏感性高,可弥补常规MRI序列对钙化灶显示的不足。     

Bryan颈人工椎间盘置换术失败原因分析

Objective To analyze the failed Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty and to improve its re-sults. Methods From October 2004 to October 2007, 48 patients underwent Bryan cervical disc arthro-plasty. All patients were followed up 2 to 38 months(mean 18 months). Among them, 4 failed cases were an-alyzed, which include 1 male and 3 females, with the age of 42, 51, 40, 49 years. Results Case 1 reported the brachial plexus injury as the result of the patient's shoulders being overstretched while fixing his position during operation, the muscular power of both upper extremities declining to degree Ⅱ and Ⅲ upon operation completion, which was restored to degree 4 when discharged from hospital (45 days after operation). Case 2 reported the compression on the spinal cord as the result of failure to remove the ossification of posterior lon-gitudinal ligament (OPLL) which had been identified by the preoperative CT; the patient complained of no release of symptoms after the operation and postoperative CT showed that compression still existed. Case 3 reported incomplete spinal cord injury caused by massive bleeding during decompression, a function of ex-tremely small vertebral canal anteroposterior diameter (5 mm shown in preoperative MRI); the muscular pow-er of left extremity dropped to degree 0 upon operation completion; the patient could walk with crutch 10 days after operation. Case 4 reported'heterotopic ossification (OP) which occurred 1 year after operation and became deteriorated 2 years later, but did not affect the motion of prosthesis. Conclusion Bryan disc arthroplasty is being extensively used as an effective procedure for decompression and reconstruction of the cervical disc. Excellent clinical results are related to strict selection of indications, perioperative manage-ment, and the experience and surgical technique of the surgeon are also important to the final outcome.     

精神分裂症与强迫障碍

精神分裂症与强迫障碍在脑结构异常、脑功能异常和临床特点方面互相有重叠。本文重点阐述强迫症状与精神分裂症症状之间的关系。     

乙型肝炎相关性肝细胞癌腹腔镜手术安全性分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术和开腹手术在乙型肝炎相关性肝细胞癌手术中的安全性。方法 回顾性分析中国科学技术大学附属第一医院2019年1月至2021年12月期间采用外科手术切除的103例肝细胞癌且患有乙型肝炎病人的资料。根据手术方式的不同分为腹腔镜组和开腹组,分析病人的手术时间、围术期输血量、手术切除范围及并发症发生率等资料。结果 103例病人均成功施行了肝切除手术,其中开腹手术50例,腹腔镜手术53例。通过1∶1倾向性评分匹配后各收集腹腔镜组病人30例和开腹组病人30例基线资料情况。匹配后,两组病人基线资料比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术中情况：腹腔镜组与开腹组相比,手术时间、术中阻断时间、术中输血量、术中阻断次数差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),而两组术中肝切除范围差异有统计学意义[大范围肝切除占比：13.3%(4/30)比46.7%(14/30),P=0.005],术中出血量差异有统计学意义[(132.3±118.5) mL比(238.3±184.1) mL,P=0.010]。术后情况：两组术后输血量以及术后并发症(腹腔出血、肺部感染、胸腔积液、腹腔积液、肝切除...