47例原发性肝癌自发破裂出血的诊治分析

目的探讨原发性肝癌(PHC)自发破裂出血的诊治特点及预后.方法回顾性分析1998年1月至2004年12月我院收治的47例PHC破裂出血患者的临床资料,并随访2 a.结果47例患者中,41例(87.23%)合并有肝硬化.行手术治疗44例(93.6%).其中行肝切除术者17例,有5例生存时间超过2 a;术后病人的死亡原因主要为肝功能衰竭(22例)、消化道出血(10例)和肾功能衰竭(5例).结论正确及时的诊断和治疗能够提高PHC自发破裂出血病人的生存率,手术切除肿瘤仍然是降低PHC破裂出血病人死亡率的主要手段.     

结直肠癌切除联合射频消融对同时性结直肠癌肝转移临床指标、安全性及预后的影响

目的 探讨结直肠癌切除联合射频消融治疗同时性结直肠癌肝转移对相关临床指标、患者的安全性及预后生存率的影响,为该疗法在临床的应用提供依据。 方法 回顾性分析2011年1月-2013年12月间绍兴市中心医院收治的同时性结直肠癌肝转移患者48例,根据治疗方法分为观察组和对照组,其中对照组26例接受根治性手术切除结直肠癌变和肝转移部位,观察组22例接受结直肠癌切除联合射频消融。采用t检验比较2组的临床相关指标、并发症发生情况,应用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,并采用Log rank检验比较2组患者的预后。 结果 治疗后2组患者的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)均明显升高,血清白蛋白(ALB)和胆碱酯酶(CHE)均不同程度的降低,而且术后3 d和7 d观察组患者对ALT、AST、ALB和CHE的改善程度均显著大于对照组,以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组的并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组无进展生存率显著高于对照组,HR=0.420,95%CI:0.131~0.971,P=0.025,而观察组总体生存率与对照组相近,HR=1.623,95%CI:0.748~3.519,P=0.190。 结论 结直肠癌切除和射频消融联合治疗能减少对肝脏功能的损伤,虽然总体生存率与手术切除相比差异无统计学意义,但该疗法为无法进行肝转移灶切除的患者提供了新的治疗方案,具有一定的临床应用价值。      

裸鼠皮下人肝癌移植瘤模型的建立

目的建立裸鼠皮下肝癌移植瘤模型。方法BLBA/c裸鼠颈背部皮下注射人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞悬液5×106个.0.2m l-1.只-1,观察肿瘤生长情况,45d处死。瘤组织作病理及电镜检查;取裸鼠周围血作甲胎蛋白(AFP)的检测;用免疫组化法检测肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)。结果该模型具有类似人原发性肝癌的形态学特征。结论成功建立了人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型。     

手助腹腔镜结直肠癌肝转移一期同步切除术六例分析

目的 探讨手助腹腔镜结直肠癌肝转移一期同步切除术的可行性和安全性.方法 回顾性分析浙江省结直肠疾病诊治中心2009年8月—2010年3月实施的6例手助腹腔镜结直肠癌肝转移一期同步切除术的临床资料.结果 6例手术均取得成功,无中转开腹;平均手术时间(183±45)min,术中平均出血(165±70)ml;术后平均肠功能恢复时间(69.4±10.5)h,术后平均住院时间(9.5±3.2)d;6例患者术中及术后均未发生严重并发症.6例均予以化疗并随访至术后30个月,其中1例患者因肿瘤腹腔广泛转移而死亡,其余5例未见肿瘤复发.结论 手助腹腔镜结直肠癌肝转移一期同步切除术是安全可行的.     

肝移植术后血清降钙素原监测的临床意义

Objective To investigate the changes of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients after liver transplantation and explore their significance for diagnosis and differential diagnosis among bacterial infection, viral infection and acute rejection.Methods PCT was measured in serum of 25 liver trans-plant patients by immunofluorescence sandwich method and the patients were divided into the non-complication group, viral infection group, acute rejection group and bacterial infection group.Results The concentrations of PCT in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day after transplantation were(24.50 ± 4.6)ng/ml, (21.40± 3.3)ng/ml and (12.25 ± 3.1)ng/ml, respectively and they presented a decreasing tendency.The concentrations of PCT in non-complication group, viral infection group and acute rejection group decreased gradually and were near the normal level of (0.51±0.11) ng/ml after 7～10 days.Moreo-ver, the concentrations of PCT in viral infection group and acute rejection group were (0.44 ± 0.16)ng/ml and(0.53±0.14)ng/ml when the patients were in fever.The concentration of PCT in the viral infection group were(15.70±5.1)ng/ml, which was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups (P<0.05) in the early days of fever.The statistical differences among the other three groups were not significant (P>0.05).Conclusion The concentration of PCT in serum is high in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day then decreased gradually soon.The concentration of PCT is not high in viral infection or acute rejection while significantly high in bacterial infection, so it can be used to differentiate the bacterial infection from acute rejection and virus infection after liver transplantation.     

肝移植术后血清降钙素原监测的临床意义

Objective To investigate the changes of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients after liver transplantation and explore their significance for diagnosis and differential diagnosis among bacterial infection, viral infection and acute rejection.Methods PCT was measured in serum of 25 liver trans-plant patients by immunofluorescence sandwich method and the patients were divided into the non-complication group, viral infection group, acute rejection group and bacterial infection group.Results The concentrations of PCT in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day after transplantation were(24.50 ± 4.6)ng/ml, (21.40± 3.3)ng/ml and (12.25 ± 3.1)ng/ml, respectively and they presented a decreasing tendency.The concentrations of PCT in non-complication group, viral infection group and acute rejection group decreased gradually and were near the normal level of (0.51±0.11) ng/ml after 7～10 days.Moreo-ver, the concentrations of PCT in viral infection group and acute rejection group were (0.44 ± 0.16)ng/ml and(0.53±0.14)ng/ml when the patients were in fever.The concentration of PCT in the viral infection group were(15.70±5.1)ng/ml, which was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups (P<0.05) in the early days of fever.The statistical differences among the other three groups were not significant (P>0.05).Conclusion The concentration of PCT in serum is high in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day then decreased gradually soon.The concentration of PCT is not high in viral infection or acute rejection while significantly high in bacterial infection, so it can be used to differentiate the bacterial infection from acute rejection and virus infection after liver transplantation.     

原发性肝癌肝移植患者围手术期免疫功能的变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨原发性肝癌肝移植患者围手术期机体免疫功能的变化及其临床意义.方法 选择同期肝癌肝移植患者17例(肝移植组)和肝癌肝切除患者12例(肝切除组),以及健康献血员10例(对照组),用流式细胞技术检测T细胞亚群及NK细胞,观察比较肝移植组和肝切除组患者围手术期免疫功能的改变.结果 肝切除组术后早期存在细胞免疫功能抑制,术后14 d开始升高,术后30 d基本恢复至正常水平.肝移植组术后3 d同样存在细胞免疫功能抑制,术后7～30 d T细胞亚群有所回升,但仍维持在相对低水平.肝移植组3例出现CD4+/CD8+明显升高,提示急性排斥反应,均经临床和病理学检查证实.经调整免疫抑制剂剂量后排斥反应逆转.结论 肝癌肝移植患者围手术期T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞的检测对监测围手术期的免疫状况和抗免疫治疗具有重要的参考价值.     

襻式造口支撑棒装置的设计及应用

目的 设计襻式造口支撑棒装置并探讨其在造口护理中的应用效果。 方法 自行设计和制作襻式造口支撑棒装置,该装置由2片固定翼硬片、2片固定翼软片、1根支撑棒棒体组成。选取2019年8月—2020年10月浙江省某三级甲等综合医院收治的拟行直肠肿瘤切除+回肠襻式造口手术的患者及其照顾者作为研究对象,将患者随机分为试验组、对照组1和对照组2,试验组采用自制的襻式造口支撑棒装置,对照组1和对照组2分别使用传统缝合法和环套法固定支撑管,比较3组的一般资料、护士和照护者更换造口袋操作时间、操作时患者的疼痛程度、造口相关并发症发生率等指标。 结果 3组的一般资料、护士和照护者更换造口袋操作时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;护士和照护者更换造口袋操作时患者局部疼痛程度评分比较,试验组分别为（1.90±0.64）分、（1.33±0.83）分,对照组1分别为（4.11±0.77）分、（4.21±0.64）分,对照组2分别为（2.52±0.68）分、（2.63±0.60）分,3组比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）;患者压力性损伤、造口黏膜皮肤分离、造口周围皮炎并发症发生率比较,试验组分别为0、3.23%、12.90%,对照组1分别为32.26%、32.26%、54.84%,对照组2分别为20.00%、26.67%、40.00%,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。 结论 自行设计的襻式造口支撑棒装置应用于造口护理,能有效降低患者造口相关并发症的发生率,减轻护理时局部的疼痛程度,提高患者的舒适度。     

脾窦岸细胞血管瘤的研究进展

脾窦岸细胞血管瘤(littotal cell angioma,LCA)是一种原发性脾脏血管性肿瘤,最早是由Falk~([1])在1991年报道并命名的,因其同时表达内皮细胞和组织细胞标记,并经免疫组织化学技术和电镜证实,被认为是起源于脾脏红髓的窦岸细胞(littoal cell),故称之为脾窦岸细胞血管瘤.