不同预防硬膜外粘连的方法对神经电生理功能的影响

目的探索预防硬膜外粘连的几种方法对脊髓、神经根传导功能的影响.方法40只新西兰白兔随机分为4组.切除L5椎板造成12mm×6mm硬脊膜裸露区,探查神经根.A组注入生理盐水1ml,B组充填高分子量透明质酸钠凝胶1ml,C组用自体L6棘突重建L5椎板,D组用透明质酸钠凝胶充填后再进行L5椎板重建.分别检查术前、术后即刻、术后1、3、6周腓肠肌诱发肌电图,记录M波、H波.结果术后H波潜伏期显著延长,B、D组1周恢复正常,C组3周恢复正常,A组6周恢复正常.M波手术前后潜伏期无明显差异.M波、H波波幅个体差异大,手术前后无明显差异.结论通过测定肌肉动作电位H波潜伏期可灵敏反映神经根、脊髓传导功能;透明质酸钠凝胶能促进脊髓、神经根传导功能的恢复.     

中国不同人群的抗TTV血清流行病学及TTV基因不同区段的分子流行病学研究

目的　了解不同人群血清中抗 TTV抗体及ORF1 、ORF2 区段基因的分布状况 ,并分析其间的关系。方法　根据TTV的ORF1 、ORF2 区段的基因序列分别合成巢式PCR引物 ,扩增 2 46例血清标本中的TTV部分基因片段 ;采用TTVORF2 部分基因原核表达抗原 ,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA) ,检测相同血清标本中TTV抗体。结果　不同人群TTVORF1 、ORF2 基因及抗体检测的阳性率分别为 :有偿献血者 16 0 % (12 75 ) ,10 7% (8 75 )和 2 5 3% (19 75 ) ,甲型肝炎患者 10 0 % (3 30 ) ,16 7% (5 30 )和 16 7% (5 30 ) ;乙型肝炎患者 47 5 % (19 40 ) ,42 5 % (17 40 )和 2 2 5 % (9 40 ) ,丙型肝炎患者 42 9% (15 35 ) ,37 1% (13 35 )和 2 8 6 % (10 35 ) ;丁型肝炎患者 2 0 0 % (3 15 ) ,2 6 7% (4 15 )和13 3% (2 15 ) ;戊型肝炎患者 16 7% (2 12 )、16 7% (2 12 )、33 3% (4 12 ) ;庚型肝炎患者 2 3 8% (5 2 1) ,38 1% (8 2 1)和 2 3 8% (5 2 1) ;非甲～庚型肝炎患者 6 1 1% (11 18) ,5 0 0 % (9 18)和 44 4% (8 18)。统计分析TTVORF1 与ORF2 基因的检出率相关有统计学意义 (P =0 0 0 0 <0 0 1) ;不同人群间基因检出率相差有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1) ;TTV抗体的检出率与TTVDNA的检出率相关无     

心肌干细胞调控ANG Ⅱ/AT1R/TGF-β1/SMAD/CX43通路改进心电生理学稳定性和室颤阈值

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that the electrophysiological stability and ventricular fibrillation threshold after myocardial infarction in rats are significantly improved in the mid-term of cardiac stem cell transplantation, but relative regulatory mechanism and pathway remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the relative molecular regulatory mechanism of cardiac stem cells improving the electrophysiological stability and ventricular fibrillation threshold after myocardial infarction in rats.  METHODS:Myocardial infarction was induced in 20 Sprague-Dawley rats by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary, which were then randomized into two groups (n=10 per group) and were subjected to the injection of cardiac stem cells labeled with PKH26 in phosphate buffer solution (cardiac stem cell group) or the same amount of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) alone (PBS group) into the local infarct zone at 2 weeks after modeling, respectively. Six weeks later, relevant signaling molecules involved in the ANGII/AT1R/TGF-β1/SMAD/Cx43 pathway were all examined in myocardial tissues of the left ventricle and harvested blood samples. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the PBS group, expressions of connexin 43 in different zones of the left ventricle were significantly increased in the cardiac stem cell group (P < 0.01); there was a significant reduction of the angiotensin II level in plasma and different regions of the left ventricular (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). Furthermore, in the cardiac stem cell group, expressions of angiotensin II type I receptor, transforming growth factor-β1, SMAD2 and SMAD3 were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Whereas SMAD7 was significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in different areas of the left ventricle compared with the phosphate buffer solution group. These findings suggest that the cardiac stem cell transplantation can improve the electrophysiological stability and ventricular fibrillation threshold after myocardial infarction by enhancing the expression of connexin 43 via ANGII/AT1R/TGF-beta1/SMAD/CX43 signaling pathway.     

经后路椎体次全切除、钛网植骨及椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复胸、腰椎爆裂骨折或合并脱位

BACKGROUND: Thoracolumbar burst fracture or thoracolumbar fracture dislocation are the common types of fracture in spine surgery. Surgical treatment is often used for this kind of injury. Different surgical methods have their own advantages and disadvantages.      

IL-18在脓毒症肺损伤发生发展过程中的作用及机制研究北大核心CSCD

目的:研究IL-18在脓毒症肺损伤发展过程中的作用及调控机制。方法:成年雄性野生型C57BL/6(WT)和IL-18基因敲除(IL-18-/-)小鼠分为野生型小鼠对照组(WT组)、脂多糖(LPS)处理的野生型小鼠组(WT LPS组)、IL-18基因敲除的小鼠对照组(IL-18-/-组)、LPS处理的IL-18基因敲除小鼠组(IL-18-/-LPS组)。腹腔注射LPS(15 mg/kg)建立小鼠脓毒症模型,对照组注射等量生理盐水。观察各组小鼠72 h生存率并处死小鼠,HE染色观察肺部病理组织变化,RT-PCR及Western blot检测各组小鼠肺组织IL-18 mRNA及蛋白表达,免疫荧光检测肺组织IL-18表达及定位,TUNEL染色检测肺组织细胞凋亡,流式细胞术检测肺组织Treg/Th17比例,ELISA检测炎症因子TNF-α、IL-17A、TGF-1β、IL-10表达。Western blot检测各组小鼠肺组织RORγt、FoxP3蛋白表达及STAT3磷酸化水平。结果:LPS诱导后,小鼠肺组织高表达IL-18。与WT LPS组相比,IL-18-/-LPS组小鼠生存率显著提高,肺组织病理损伤减轻,凋亡细胞显著减少,Treg/Th17比例提高,抑炎因子TGF-1β、IL-10表达增加,而促炎因子TNF-α、IL-17A表达明显减少,肺组织RORγt蛋白表达增加,而STAT3磷酸化水平降低。结论:IL-18可通过上调STAT3磷酸化水平,促进Treg/Th17免疫失衡及炎症因子分泌,从而加剧脓毒症急性肺损伤。     

1624例不同类型样本结核杆菌DNA检测结果分析

目的了解实时荧光PCR检测结核杆菌DNA（TB-DNA）的临床意义及不同类型样本TB-DNA检出率的差异。方法采用实时荧光PCR法,对患者的痰、血清、尿液、穿刺液、脑脊液、胸腹水进行结核杆菌DNA检测。结果 1624份样本的总阳性率为2.77%,血清样本的阳性率在所有类型样本中最低,仅为0.4%,穿刺液和尿液的阳性率较高,分别为27.27%和21.95%。有完整病历的TB-DNA阳性的患者,检测结果与临床诊断完全吻合。结论实时荧光PCR具有快速、简便、敏感性高、特异性强的特点,适宜多种样本类型的检测,是临床上检测TB-DNA,早期诊断结核病的有效方法。     

宁夏道地药材银柴胡种子生活力等指标的测定

目的：通过对种子生活力等指标的测定,为完善银柴胡种子检验标准操作规程提供实验依据。方法：采用2,3,5-氯化三苯四氮唑（TTC）染色法测定种子的活力。结果：种子生活力测定最佳条件：温度为40℃,TTC浓度为0.2%,染色时间为60min。结论：TTC染色率为93%。     

胸腰段骨折并脊髓损伤再手术疗效分析

目的 探讨胸腰段骨折合并脊髓损伤患者I期前路/后路手术后Ⅱ期再手术的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月-2009年3月胸腰段骨折合并脊髓损伤单纯前/后路手术后残存后凸畸形伴神经功能恢复不全或未做Ⅱ期手术疗效患者12例.男9例,女3例;年龄19～57岁,平均34.6岁.根据Dems分型,爆裂型5例,压缩型5例,骨折脱位2例.I期前路手术5例,I期后路手术7例.I期手术后均存在不同程度的神经症状,对I期前路手术5例患者行Ⅱ期后路手术.I期后路手术7例者行Ⅱ期前路手术.I期手术至Ⅱ期手术最长18个月,最短12个月,平均时间13.4个月.通过影像学、神经功能及社会功能综合评估疗效,包括测量Cobb角、Frankel分级和日本骨科学会(JOA)评分.结果 术后切口均I期愈合.所有患者均获得随访,随访时间12～48个月,平均25个月.伤椎前、后缘高度压缩率术前平均42.6%、70.5%,术后平均恢复至92.5%、95,7%,至末次随访时为87.3%、92.2%;脊髓不完全损伤的患者神经功能均有Frankel 2级以上的改善.所有患者Ⅱ期术后胸腰椎生理弧度良好.Cobb角术前平均36.3°,术后矫正至5.8.,末次随访时为5.9°.JOA评分标准术后改善率,本组优9例,良2例,可1例,差0例.结论 对胸腰段骨折合并脊髓损伤患者I期前路/后路手术1年后残存神经或马尾临床症状患者行Ⅱ期手术减压后取得理想疗效,可获得满意的后凸畸形矫正和神经减压,神经功能均有不同程度恢复.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the outcome of reoperation(after I stage anterior/posterior operation)for thoracolumbar fractures combined with kyphosis and spinal cord injury. Methods A retrospective study was done on the medical records of 12 patients who underwent two-stage decompression with kyphosis and neurologic deficit due to single-stage approach(anterior or posterior) operation of thoracolumbar fractures combined with spinal cord injury between January 2005 and April 2009.There were 9 males and 3 females,at mean age of 34.6 years(range,19-57 years).According to the Denis classification,there were five patients with burst fractures,five with compression fractures and two with fracture dislocation.All the patients had couns medullaris injury.Of all the patients,five underwent one stage anterior approach surgery and the others underwent posterior approach operation.All the patients had vailous degrees of neurological symptoms.The patients treated with one stage anterior surgery were treated with two stage posterior surgery and the patients treated with one stage posterior surgery were treated with the two stage anterior operation.The mean interval from one stage operation to two stage decompression was 13.4 months(range,12-18 months).The radiologic,neurologic and functional outcomes were assessed through observation of the Cobb angle,Frankel spinal cord injury grading and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores(JOA). Results AIl the patients were followed up for mean 25 months (12-48months),which showed primary healing of the incisions in all the patients.The average anterior and posterior heisht of the vertebrae wers corrected from preoperative 42.6%and 70.5%to postoperative 92.5%and 95.7%and to 87.3%and 92.2%at the final follow-up respectively.Neurologic status was improved at least one Frankel grade in the patients who had preoperative incomplete paraplegia.The Cobb angle was corrected from preoperative 36.3°to postoperative 5.8°and to 5.9°at the final follow-up(P<0.05).No patient had any notable loss of correction between discharge and final follow-up.According to JOA coring,the results were excellent in nine patients,good in two and fair in one,with excellence rate of 92%. Conclusions Two stage decompression for epiconus and cauda equina syndrome resulted from one stage approach(anterior or posterior)operation of thoracolumbar fractures combined with spinal cord injury call attain satisfactory correction of the kyphosis and nerve decompression as well as various degrees of nerve function recovery.     

寰枢椎椎弓根内固定技术的解剖学与临床研究进展

1910年,Mixter等[1]用丝线固定寰椎后弓和枢椎棘突,开创了寰枢椎内固定技术的先河.此后,学者们创建了一系列寰枢椎内固定技术,按入路分为前路技术和后路技术.     

关节软骨修复细胞基因治疗中软骨细胞支架载体特点

目的 探讨四种不同类型三维支架中培养的关节软骨细胞活性状况及其转基因特性.方法 原代培养兔膝关节软骨细胞,并且以表达绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和萤火虫荧光素酶(GL3)的腺病毒载体AdGFP和AdGL3进行感染.在I型胶原海绵、纤维蛋白胶、透明质酸和聚乳酸四种类型的支架材料中,以荧光显微镜和荧光素酶分析法检测细胞的活性状况及其转基因特性;以阿辛蓝染色评价软骨基质的产生.结果 表达绿色荧光蛋白的腺病毒(AdGFP)成功感染兔关节软骨细胞,并且持续表达绿色荧光蛋白.被感染的软骨细胞在所有被测试的细胞支架上均能存活,并能表达GFP和荧光素酶报告基因.与其余三种支架比较,聚乳酸支架中转基凶表达率最高(P<0.01).而且聚乳酸培养体系中,4周时可以检测到阿辛蓝染色阳性的基质材料.结论 在关节软骨修复的细胞基因治疗领域,聚乳酸可能是一种合适的支架材料.