信息管理系统在疾病预防控制中的应用

随着计算机技术、通信技术、网络技术的不断发展，人类已经步人信息化时代。信息处理技术的水平及其应用程度，已进入自动化、网络化和社会化阶段，这些新技术和新方法已被广泛应用于社会的各个领域，并且发挥着越来越重要的作用，同时也受到医学界的重视，越来越多地应用于医学领域，信息管理系统应运而生，这是当今信息时代发展的必然趋势。     

青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治

目的全面总结青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治工作。方法对2001~2006年青藏铁路沿线的鼠疫监测、宣传教育、实地演练、新技术应用等方面工作进行总结,结合历史资料对青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治工作进行全面分析。结果2001~2006年在青藏铁路沿线周边地区共发生动物鼠疫24县次,分离鼠疫菌81株,发生人间鼠疫4次,发病6人,死亡3人;但是青藏铁路建设工区内取得了人间鼠疫的"零"发生,邻近地区内动物间疫情提前被监测并有效控制的辉煌成果。结论在卫生部和铁道部的直接领导下,中国疾病预防控制中心和西藏、青海两省(区)的鼠疫防治工作人员在青藏铁路施工期间,取得了前所未有的辉煌成就,为青藏铁路的施工建设提供了充分的卫生安全保障,其成功经验足以为其他大型工程建设期间的鼠疫卫生学评价提供借鉴。     

放疗联合微波热疗治疗颈淋巴结转移癌的临床观察

目的：探讨恶性肿瘤颈部淋巴结转移放疗加热疗与单纯性放疗的临床疗效。方法：46例经病理或细胞学证实的恶性肿瘤颈部淋巴结转移患者随机分为热疗加放疗组和单纯放疗组,每组23例,观察组采用微波加温合并直线加速器放疗,放疗开始前1小时进行热疗,每周2次,每次30~40 min,放疗采用常规分割,每次2Gy,每周5次,肿瘤照射剂量：总剂量55 Gy~70 Gy。单纯放疗组只进行相应剂量的放射治疗。结果：热疗加放疗组总有效率为91.3%,单纯放疗组总有效率为82.6%,两组比较差异有显著性,有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：热疗联合放射治疗有明显的互补和增敏作用,对颈部转移性恶性肿瘤的治疗有显著效果,不良反应小,有进一步研究及临床应用价值。     

多组分乳液混合体系的一个协同凝聚现象

考察了苯丙树脂、蜡和颜料三组分乳液混合体系在不同pH条件下的凝聚行为,采用元素分析仪、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、光学显微镜(OM)和电子显微镜(EM)等分析了凝聚颗粒中各组分质量分数及其凝聚结构。结果表明,复合乳液体系中各组分的凝聚效率远高于单一组分,单一蜡乳液在整个pH可调范围内稳定性极好,几乎不发生凝聚,但是在复合乳液体系中其凝聚效率甚至高于稳定性较差的苯丙乳液。TEM观察发现,这种高效的协同凝聚效应源于低pH下带正电的颜料粒子包覆粒径较大、带负电的蜡微粒,导致体系全体失稳。     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

二甲基酰胺群体性中毒症状调查分析

20 0 0年 9月 8日 ,我们对某化工厂周围在短期内出现皮肤、消化、神经等系统中毒症状的 34例患者进行了调查分析 ,发现中毒是由该厂所配制的染料中间体的溶剂“二甲基酰胺”所致 ,现将有关资料分述如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　共在门诊就诊患者 34例。男 15例 ,女 19例 ;最小年龄 3岁 ,最大年龄 72岁 ,平均年龄 4 4岁 ;病程最短7天 ,最长 2个月。1.2　患者与毒物接触方式　直接接触 8例 (厂内原料车间工人 ) ,间接接触 2 6例 (厂周围居民 )。厂周围发病者局限于北侧、西侧及西北侧 ,即下风口 ,当时季节多为东南风向。厂东侧、南侧无 1…