全数字化俯卧式X 线立体钢丝定位术在乳腺微钙化病灶中的应用价值*

目的:探讨X 线立体定位钢丝引导切取活检术（SWLB）对乳腺微钙化病灶的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2007年5 月至2008年5 月南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院45例行SWLB 活检的乳腺隐匿性病变,所有病例均为临床触诊阴性而乳腺X 线摄影发现微钙化病灶,将活检标本病理结果与X 线表现进行对照。结果:45例SWLB 活检组织标本病理结果中恶性病变13例（28.9%）,其中包括导管原位癌3 例（23.1%）,导管原位癌伴微浸润4例（30.8%）,浸润性导管癌5 例（38.5%）,导管内乳头状癌1 例（7.7%）;良性病变32例（71.1%）,其中包括导管上皮重度非典型增生2 例（6.3%）。 结论:SWLB 可准确引导切检临床阴性的乳腺微钙化病灶,明确乳腺微钙化的性质,提高早期乳腺癌的检出率。      

有氧运动通过上调Dhcr24改善H2O2诱导的心肌细胞凋亡

目的 研究Dhcr24在有氧运动改善心肌梗死(myocardial infarction,MI)后心肌细胞功能中的潜在作用及分子机制。方法 通过H2O2建立心肌细胞(H9C2)凋亡模型,并通过AMPK激动剂AICAR来模拟心肌细胞的运动效果。通过流式细胞术和TUNEL检测心肌细胞凋亡水平;通过Western blot检测心肌细胞中凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax和Dhcr24的表达水平;通过RT-qPCR检测细胞中Dhcr24 mRNA的水平。结果 与对照组相比,H2O2诱导的心肌细胞凋亡率增加、TUNEL阳性粒子数升高、抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2水平降低、促凋亡蛋白Bax水平升高、Dhcr24水平降低。与H2O2诱导的心肌细胞相比,AMPK激活剂AICAR处理后,心肌细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性粒子数降低、Dhcr24水平升高。在H2O2和AICAR共同处理的心肌细胞中敲低Dhcr24,降低的细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性粒子数得到逆转。结论 有氧运动对H2O2诱导的心肌细胞凋亡具有明显保护作用,可能与其上调Dhcr24表达有关。     

Toll样受体8基因rs3764880多态性与汉族男性缺血性中风的关联性研究

目的探讨Toll样受体8(TLR8)基因rs3764880遗传多态性与缺血性中风风痰瘀阻证、气虚血瘀证的易感性及相关数量性状的关联。方法纳入缺血性中风风痰瘀阻证患者311例、气虚血瘀证284例,对照组605例。用real-time PCR技术检测外周血TLR8基因表达水平,Sequenom Mass ARRAY platform进行基因分型,ELISA法测定炎性细胞因子血清水平。以PLINK、SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。结果 TLR8基因rs3764880多态性与中国汉族男性中风风痰瘀阻证易感性的关联有统计学意义(等位基因模型P0.05)。在气虚血瘀证患者中,携带GG基因型者的血清白细胞介素8(IL-8)水平较携带AA+GG基因型者高(P0.05);携带GG+AG基因型者的肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、IL-8血清水平高于携带AA基因型者(P0.05)。rs3764880多态性与男性气虚血瘀证患者的胆固醇(TC)(加性模型:β=-0.03,Padj=0.001)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平(加性模型:βb=-0.25,Padj=0.018)显著关联。结论TLR8基因rs3764880多态性可能影响中国汉族男性缺血性中风风痰瘀阻证发生,并影响气虚血瘀证的炎性反应和脂质代谢。     

全胃切除改良间置空肠法消化道重建的临床研究

目的　评估改良间置空肠代胃术对全胃切除术后患者早期营养状态的影响。方法　对 5 8例改良间置空肠消化道重建术与 94例Roux en Y术后 1年的随访资料 (有无消化道症状 ,体质量变化 ,及其他营养指标 )进行了对照研究。结果　间置空肠组营养状况明显优于Roux en Y组 (体质量变化 ,血红蛋白及总蛋白 ,白蛋白量高于后者 ,代胃肠管扩张明显 ,食物排空时间延长 ,P <0 .0 1) ,无倾倒综合征 ,反流性食道炎发生率低。结论　改良间置空肠可明显改善患者术后早期营养状况 ,是全胃切除术后理想的消化道重建术式     

中山市登革热预防控制的经济效益分析

目的：通过对中山市登革热预防控制进行经济效益分析，为政府建立登革热预防控制和应急机制的常规经济投入及其效益评价提供科学依据。方法：用流行病学方法对中山市登革热预防控制情况进行调查。用比较分析法对登革热预防控制进行经济效益分析。结果：采取常规措施共投入225390元；发生登革热疫情后，共投入疫情调查处理费212197元；病人的总诊疗费用为86770．9元，平均每例为3099．O元；病人及其家属消耗误工费用为15050元，平均每例为537．5元；中山市登革热预防控制费用效益比率为1：5．7。结论：查出中山市登革热预防和控制费用以及登革热预防控制的经济效益；证明该市实施的登革热预防控制策略取得了良好的经济效益。     

Wingspan支架治疗症状性颅内动脉狭窄的疗效及随访

目的 观察Gateway-Wingspan支架系统治疗症状性颅内动脉狭窄的安全性,以及防治再次脑卒中的疗效.方法 应用Gateway-Wingspan支架系统治疗药物治疗无效的症状性颅内动脉狭窄患者36例(38处),其中择期手术32例,急诊手术4例.38处狭窄中22处位于后循环,16处位于前循环.结果 术前平均狭窄程度...     

Evaluation of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells for healing of full‐thickness skin wounds in rabbits

The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells to enhance the rate of healing of full‐thickness excisional skin wounds in rabbits. The study was conducted on 20 New Zealand white rabbits of either sex. Two, 2 × 2 cm full‐thickness skin (thoracolumabar region) excisional wounds were created; one on each side of the dorsal midline in each animal. The wounds were randomly assigned to either injection of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells into the wound margins (BI), or topical application of sterile saline solution (normal saline, NS), which served as control. The wound healing was assessed by evaluation of granulation tissue formation, wound contraction, epithelisation and histopathological and histochemical changes up to 28 days after creation of the wound. Granulation tissue appeared significantly faster in BI‐treated wounds (3.22 ± 0.22 days) than in NS‐treated wounds (4.56 ± 0.47 days). Better epithelisation was seen histologically in BI wounds than in NS‐treated wounds. Wound contraction was significantly more in BI wounds when compared with NS wounds on 21 post‐surgery. Histopathological examination of the healing tissue showed early disappearance of inflammatory reaction, significantly more neovascularisation, and more fibroplasias and early lay down and histological maturation of collagen in BI wounds than in control wounds. It was concluded that injection of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells in the wound margins induced faster and better quality healing of excisional skin wounds in rabbits when compared with normal saline. The injection of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells can be used to promote healing of large full‐thickness skin wounds in rabbits.     

肿瘤杀伤因子α和白细胞介素8对寻常型银屑病初发疹病理形成作用的研究

目的：为研究肿瘤杀伤因子α（TNF─α）及白细胞介素8（IL—8）在银屑病发病机制中的作用，方法：用抗TNF—α单抚及抗IL—8抗体分别对银屑病患者血清及初发皮损进行检测。结果：寻常型银悄病患者血清中TNF─α浓度升高，初发疹度损表皮表达IL—8阳性，真皮仅炎细胞侵润无阳性表达．结论：TNF─α及IL—8协同作用是银屑发病机制的重要启动因素．     

Written patient information: a review of the literature*

In the United States during the 1940s Flesch and Gunning pioneered the movement to improve the comprehensibility of government documents Since that time the provision of comprehensible information to the general public has become increasingly important Indeed, most computer programs have the facility to assess what percentage of the population will understand certain forms of written information Vast quantities of written patient information have been produced over the decades and more are being produced daily This literature review sets out to provide an insight into the studies which have looked at the value and purpose of such literature Considering the amount of written patient information in existence the amount of research into this interesting subject is small Many concepts have to be considered Is this information of any use to patients? Can they understand and recall it and does it increase compliance? Are patients satisfied with the amount, quality and detail of written information? If health professionals are to inform their patients fully, written information is an area which should be more fully researched for ethical, quality and economic reasons