Stanford A型主动脉夹层术前尿常规检测结果及临床分析

【摘要】 目的　探讨并分析Stanford A 型主动脉夹层术前尿常规检验以及镜检结果。方法　2007年1月至2013月5月,新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院72例Stanford A 型主动脉夹层患者临床资料,男性64例,女性8例。急性期41例,亚急性期20例,慢性期11例。选取年龄和性别匹配的59例体检健康人群为对照组。一次性尿杯留取患者清洁中段尿液,采用日本AX-4030全自动尿干化分析仪,Sysmex UF1000i尿有形成份分析仪测定尿糖、尿酮体、尿蛋白、尿胆红素、尿胆原、尿潜血、尿白细胞、镜检白细胞、镜检红细胞、镜检尿道上皮、镜检管型、镜检结晶。结果　Stanford A 型主动脉夹层组术前尿常规中指标尿糖阳性率26.39%,尿酮体阳性率25% ,尿蛋白阳性率41.67%,尿胆原阳性率15.23%,尿潜血阳性率41.67%,高于对照组,P<0.05。镜检结果提示镜检白细胞阳性率26.39%,镜检红细胞阳性率26.39%,镜检上皮细胞阳性率12.5%,镜检管型阳性率8.33%,较之对照组升高,P<0.05。结论　Stanford A 型主动脉夹层术前尿常规异常明显,全身炎症反应综合征和主动脉夹层自身解剖特点是引起主动脉夹层尿常规异常的主要原因。     

退变性腰椎滑脱CT下小关节面角的测量与意义

目的 经ＣＴ观测退变性腰椎滑脱病人及正常人的腰椎小关节面角,推测矢状方向小关节与退变性腰椎滑脱之间的关系。方法 包括２４例Ｌ４～５节段的退变性滑脱病人和３７例正常人作为研究对象,均为女性。应用ＣＴ对Ｌ３～Ｓ１腰椎小关节进行扫描和小关节面角测量。结果 除观察到明显的退行性变化外,滑脱病人的Ｌ４～５节段小并节面角明显小正常人群。结论 过度朝向矢状面的退变小关节是导致腰椎退变性滑脱的重要原因之一。     

我国干眼流行病学的研究进展

干眼是一种临床常见的慢性眼表疾病.它是由泪膜的质或量以及泪液动力学异常所致的泪膜不稳定和(或)眼表的损害,进而出现眼部不适及视功能障碍的一类疾病.近年来,我国开展了大量较高水平的干眼流行病学调查研究项目,在干眼的流行病学研究上取得了显著成果.本文中笔者就干眼在我国不同地域和人群中流行病学分布的特征和危险因素进行综述.     

Consumption and Sources of Dietary Salt in Family Members in Beijing

In China, few people are aware of the amount and source of their salt intake. We conducted a survey to investigate the consumption and sources of dietary salt using the “one-week salt estimation method” by weighing cooking salt and major salt-containing food, and estimating salt intake during dining out based on established evidence. Nine hundred and three families (1981 adults and 971 children) with students in eight primary or junior high schools in urban and suburban Beijing were recruited. On average, the daily dietary salt intake of family members in Beijing was 11.0 (standard deviation: 6.2) g for children and adolescents (under 18 years old), 15.2 (9.1) g for adults (18 to 59 years old), and 10.2 (4.8) g for senior citizens (60 years old and over), respectively. Overall, 60.5% of dietary salt was consumed at home, and 39.5% consumed outside the home. Approximately 90% of the salt intake came from cooking (household cooking and cafeteria or restaurant cooking), while less than 10% came from processed food. In conclusion, the dietary salt intake in Beijing families far surpassed the recommended amounts by World Health Organization, with both household cooking and dining-out as main sources of salt consumption. More targeted interventions, especially education about major sources of salt and corresponding methods for salt reduction should be taken to reduce the risks associated with a high salt diet.     

影响黄芪有效成分含量的因子的研究

目的 比较不同产地、不同生境条件膜荚黄芪和蒙古黄芪药材中黄芪甲苷、总黄酮及总多糖的含量。方法 HPLC－ELS法测定黄芪甲苷的含量，比色法测定总黄酮的含量，硫酸－苯酚法测定黄芪总多糖的含量。结果 野生黄芪中总黄酮和总多糖含量高于栽培黄芪，不同地区栽培黄芪的有效成分含量相差不多，旱地栽培黄芪有效成分含量高于水地黄芪。结论 通过对不同产地、不同生境黄芪有效成分含量的比较，为黄芪的栽培提供理论依据。     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents

A series of novel quinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and MS spectral data. All the new compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities against six trains of bacteria and five fungi in vitro by twofold serial dilution technique. The bioactive assay showed that most of the compounds exhibited moderate to good antimicrobial activities in comparison with the streptomycin, especially, compound 6a, the fluoro-substituted aromatic amide derivative, showed good antibacterial activities against B.proteus and P.aeruginosa with minimal inhibitory concentration value of 32 and 16 μg/ml, respectively.     

复方利多卡因乳膏作为超声耦合剂的声学物理学与临床应用

目的:探讨复方利多卡因乳膏作为超声耦合剂的可能性.方法:(1)以临床常用超声耦合剂Aquasonic 100为对照物,采用声学物理测定法对复方利多卡因乳膏的声速、声阻抗和声衰减数值等进行测定.(2)60例行单纯右颈内静脉穿刺置管术肿瘤患者,采用随机数字表法分为Aquasonic 100耦合剂组(A组)和Aquasonic 100耦合剂+复方利多卡因乳膏复合组(AL组),每组30例,进行超声引导下的中心静脉穿刺置管术,保存穿刺时超声图像,进行清晰度评分;记录从穿刺开始到穿刺成功置管的时间;观察术后穿刺部位疼痛评分、红肿、血胸及气胸等并发症发生情况.结果:复方利多卡因乳膏与Aquasonic 100耦合剂相比较,两者声学参数相近.AL组超声图像清晰度较A组明显高(P<0.05),穿刺时间明显短(P<0.05).术后一天VAS疼痛评分较低(P<0.01),两组穿刺部位红肿发生率低,均无气胸、血胸等穿刺并发症发生.结论:复方利多卡因乳膏似可作为一种超声耦合剂应用于浅表部位超声,具有可行性和临床操作优势.     

新鱼腥草治疗小儿急性水样腹泻疗效观察

目的 探讨新鱼腥草对小儿急性水样腹泻的临床效果。方法 80例急性水样腹泻患儿随机分为两组，观察组采用新鱼腥草治疗，并与对照组进行比较。结果 观察组总有效率和显效率高于对照组，疗程短于对照组，经统计学处理，具有显著性差异。结论 新鱼腥草治疗急性水样腹泻的疗效确切。     

HFJV联合药物治疗兔海水淹溺肺水肿

目的：观察高频喷射通气（HFJV）联合4种药物治疗海水淹溺肺水肿（PE-SWD）的效果并探讨其作用机制。方法：用海水灌注的方法诱导PE-SWD模型,采用HFJV联合地塞米松、东莨菪碱、尼莫地平和果糖二磷酸钠4种药物进行治疗,观察记录相关的生理、生化指标。结果：HFJV联合4种药物治疗能明显改善PE-SWD相关指标。结论：HFJV联合4种药物治疗能有效治疗PE-SWD,可作为其基础治疗。     

上海人群发病、患病情况分析

该文对上海市急性传染性疾病和慢性非传染性疾病的发病与患病情况进行了描述分析 ,结果发现 :急性传染性疾病得到了有效控制 ,但是仍存在隐患 ;慢性非传染性疾病成为健康的主要威胁。同时提出了有关的政策建议。