内毒素休克大鼠组织生物喋呤及其合成限速酶基因表达的改变

目的 了解内毒素休克时重要器官生物喋呤及其合成限速酶基因表达的改变和病理生理意义。方法 采用大鼠内毒素休克模型,检测肝,肾,肠等组织生物喋呤含量,三磷酸鸟苷环水解酶Ｉ（ＧＴＰ－ＣＨＩ）ｍＲＮＡ表达及器官功能指标等。并观察内毒素拮抗剂－重组杀菌／通透性增加蛋白（ｒＢＰＩ２１）的防治效果。结果 内毒素休克动物肝,肾,肠等组织生物喋呤含量明显增多,伤后８小时升高幅度尤为显著（Ｐ〈０．０５,Ｐ〈０．０１０     

结肠、直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗的临床病理观察

目的 探讨结直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗对临床病理特征的影响及其可行性。方法 对３０例结、直肠癌患者以Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ方法插管、行选择性区域动脉并行灌注化疗。结果 所有病例病理检查均发现沿血管周围的癌细胞发生核固缩、碎裂,胞浆凝固、坏死、细胞间质水肿、纤维增生、炎细胞浸因和出现内膜增生、血管炎及血栓形成。结论订前选择性区域动脉灌注化疗要明显发迹结直肠癌患者的组织学形态,并使患者临床症状改善,对结直     

苍白球腹后部切开术治疗帕金森病异动症的疗效分析

目的 分析苍白球腹后部切开术（ＰＶＰ）对帕金森病（ＰＤ）患者中左旋多巴所诱导的异动症的治疗效果,评估手术的临床治疗意义。方法 采用国际上公认的ＰＤ综合评分法９ＵＰＤＲＳ）对３６例异动症患者的表现进行定量分,就异动症的持续时间、严重程度（致残度）以及整体影响做ＰＶＰ术前术后的统计比较。结果 术后１周内症状的整体改善率为７６．２％。其中手术对侧异动症持续时间减少８８．８％;致残度改善７９．７％。经统计     

5-氟尿嘧啶加奥曲肽对乳腺癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨５－氟尿嘧啶（５－ＦＵ）加奥曲肽（善得定）对乳腺癌细胞凋亡的影响。方法取手术切除的１６例乳腺癌标本,制备癌单细胞悬液。每例癌细胞均分成４组：５－ＦＵ组（加入５－ＦＵ１０μｇ／ｍｌ）、善得定组（加入善得定０．１μｇ／ｍｌ）、５－ＦＵ加善得定组（加入５－ＦＵ１０μｇ／ｍｌ、善和定０１μｇ／ｍｌ）及对照组（不加任何药物）。用ＤＮＡ断端标记法（ＴＤＴ法）检测乳腺癌细胞癌细胞凋亡率。结果 １６例标     

Fas及Fas-L在乳腺浸润性导管癌及癌旁组织中的表达

目的 探讨Ｆａｓ及Ｆａｓ－Ｌ与乳腺浸润性导管癌发生、发展及肿瘤分化程度的关系。方法 用免疫组织化学方法对５０例乳腺浸润性导管癌及其癌旁组织的Ｆａｓ－Ｌ进行检测。结果 Ｆａｓ有乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达阳性率为７６％,显著低于其癌旁组织的９６％（Ｐ〈０．０１）;Ｆａｓ－Ｌ在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达阳性率９４％,显著高于其癌旁组织的８４％（Ｐ〈０．０１）,不同分化程度乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达阳性率为９４     

61例腹腔镜胃手术的经验总结

总结61例腹腔镜胃手术的治疗效果。方法:1992年12月至1999年1月,61例腹腔镜胃手术者中,B-Ⅱ式胃大部切除术17例,B-Ⅰ式胃大部切除术1例,近端胃次全切除术2例,高选择性迷走神经切断术5例,胃造瘘术3例,胃壁良性肿瘤切除术33例。54例行全腹腔镜下胃手术,7例行腹腔镜辅助下胃手术。结果:本组有2例早期胃癌行腹腔镜根治术,至今存活4.6年以上;并发症2例,分别通过再手术和内镜治愈;手术用时35～310min,平均164.2min;术中出血50～500ml,平均218.3ml;住院4～11d,平均6.8d;86％病人于术后48h内恢复胃肠功能;仅4例术后使用止痛剂。结论:只要合理使用、严格掌握手术适应证,腹腔镜胃手术可以取得良好效果。     

Expression of the extracellular matrix proteins collagen I, collagen III and fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13 in the skin of patients with inguinal hernia

Although abnormal collagen metabolism has been ascribed an important role in the high recurrence rates after surgical hernia repair, knowledge on tissue sampled in the region affected by inguinal hernias is poor. In the present study, we determined collagen type I and type III in the skin of adult patients with indirect and direct inguinal hernias by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. In addition, we quantified the immunohistochemical expression of fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and -13. The results indicated that the ratio of collagen type I/III was significantly decreased in the skin of patients with either indirect (n = 9) or direct hernia (n = 7), with a concomitant increase in collagen type III (p < 0.001 vs. controls, n = 7, without affection of the inguinal region). There was no significant difference between patients with indirect and direct hernia (p > 0.05). MMP-13 was not expressed in any of the skin samples investigated, whereas MMP-1 was found in the epidermis. Fibronectin was predominantly detected at the epidermal-dermal junction. MMP-1, MMP-13 and fibronectin levels were significantly different between patients and controls (p > 0. 05). We conclude that in contrast to the unchanged expression of fibronectin and MMP-1 and MMP-13, the decreased ratios of collagen tpye I/III with the basically increased amount of collagen type III could be of significant importance for the pathophysiology of hernias. The specific ratio collagen I/III probably reflects the altered structural integrity and mechanical stability of the connective tissue in both indirect and direct hernias. Moreover, our findings stress that hernias should be regarded as the manifestation of a systemic disease in the inguinal region with a genetic background, explaining the high recurrence rates after repeated suture repair, as well as the usefulness of surgical meshes in this clinical setting.     

Two mutations identified in the androgen receptor of the new human prostate cancer cell line MDA PCa 2a

PURPOSE: We have characterized the androgen receptor (AR) in a new human prostate cancer cell line, MDA PCa 2a, that has recently been established from a bone metastasis of a patient whose cancer exhibited androgen-independent growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Androgen responsiveness of these cells was assessed by measuring the effect of DHT and R1881 on cell growth and PSA secretion. Scatchard analysis was used to characterize the affinity and abundance of AR protein. Using a PCR based strategy, genomic DNA of the entire coding region of AR gene was sequenced to identify possible mutations. RESULTS: These cells express abundant AR (Nmax = 685 +/- 149 fmol./mg. protein), but the AR binding affinity (Kd) for DHT is only 25 nM, approximately 50-fold lower affinity than the mutated AR in LNCaP prostate cancer cells (Kd = 0.5 nM) or the wildtype AR in MCF-7 breast cancer cells (Kd = 0.4 nM). Two mutations, L701H and T877A, were identified in the ligand binding domain of the AR gene. Compared with LNCaP cells, the new cell line is significantly less responsive to DHT and R1881 as well as to other androgens such as testosterone, androstenedione, and DHEA. Similar to LNCaP cells, the ligand specificity of the AR in MDA PCa 2a cells appears to be relaxed and non-androgens such as progesterone and estradiol act as agonists although with less potency than in LNCaP cells. Interestingly, in the absence of androgens, the new cell line expresses 15-fold higher baseline levels of PSA than LNCaP. CONCLUSIONS: Two mutations were identified in the AR gene of the MDA PCa 2a cell line that are likely responsible for the decreased androgen sensitivity and altered ligand specificity observed in these cells. Thus, this new cell line with partial androgen responsiveness and PSA expression can serve as a functionally relevant model system of bone metastatic prostate cancer, and can be used to investigate the role of AR mutations in prostate cancer and its progression to androgen independence.     

Comparative analysis of three genetic modifications designed to inhibit human serum‐mediated cytolysis

Hyperacute rejection (HAR) remains a critical immunologic hurdle in the development of xenogeneic organs for human transplantation. Strategies that simultaneously eliminate both natural antibody reactivity and complement activation on the xenogeneic cell surface may be the best approach to achieve clinical application of xenogeneic vascularized organ transplantation. We have developed multiple lines of genetically manipulated mice to evaluate the combination of different genetic approaches aimed at inhibiting antibody and complement-mediated cell lysis. We utilized transgenic mice expressing the human complement inhibitor, CD59, the human 1,2-fucosyltransferase (H-transferase, HT) and the α1,3-galactosyltransferase (α1,3-GT) knock-out mouse line (Gal KO). Our data show that expression of hCD59 in combination with HT expression or the null phenotype of α1,3-GT are equally effective at preventing human serum-mediated cytolysis. Interestingly, the triple combination affords no additional protective effect. Therefore, coexpression of HT and a complement inhibitor is the most immediate strategy to genetically engineer transgenic pigs to be used as xenogeneic donors.     

依那普利对高血压患者心脏功能的影响

目的 探讨依那普利对高血压患者心脏功能的影响.方法 67例高血压患者中,36例服用硝苯地平缓释片加安慰剂作为对照组,31例服用硝苯地平缓释片加用依那普利作为依那普利组.治疗6个月后,在25 ℃环境中,利用多普勒超声检测两组空腹状态下心脏腔室大小、射血分数.结果 两组血压、心率明显下降,且依那普利组室间隔厚度、左室舒张末期内径、左室后壁厚度、射血分数较对照组改善更明显（P＜0.05）.结论 硝苯地平联合依那普利对高血压患者心脏功能有显著改善作用.