经蝶垂体腺瘤手术后残留原因分析

目的：探讨经蝶切除垂体腺瘤手术后残留的原因，提高治疗效果；方法：回顾性分析自1992年10月至2003年1月，在我院及外院经蝶手术治疗后，MRI检查证实仍有残留的118例垂体腺瘤。结果：肿瘤主体残留在海绵窦占46．6％，鞍内37．3％，鞍上5．1％，混合9．3％，颅外1．7％；影响肿瘤根除的主要因素，肿瘤侵袭海绵窦46．6％，术者经验不足36．4％，肿瘤侵润生长9．3％，肿瘤体积巨大3．4％，出血多4．2％。针对残余瘤组织再手术者为10．1％，普通放射治疗39．0％，r刀治疗38．2％，药物治疗11．0％。结论：经蝶手术残瘤的主要原因是肿瘤侵袭海绵窦，这些病例不能或很难单纯手术根除；其次是术者经验不足和技术问题而造成。在有残瘤的病例中，有半数以上病例可以通过提高技术水平达到肿瘤的全切或次全切除。     

高师地理学科的环境教育

党的十六大所提出的全面建设小康社会，是一个包括政治、经济、文化、环境乃至国民素质的综合概念。它特别要求国民具有健全的环境意识，良好的环境伦理道德和高尚的环境道德行为。作为担负着提高全体国民环境素质和培养中小学环境教育教师和地方环境建设服务三重使命的高师地理学科，面临着其环境教育的课程设置、教材建设和教师队伍建设等不可回避的课题，有必要进行深入探索。     

参加社会活动和锻炼对冠心病并发抑郁的影响1

目的：研究参加社会活动和锻炼对新兴工业化农村社区冠心病患者并发抑郁的影响。方法：对114例在我院就医、属三角镇户籍常住人口的冠心病（CHD）患者进行Zung量表（SDS量表）检测，同时调查其经济状况、健康习惯、参加社会活动和锻炼情况等。用SPSS13．0版统计软件进行统计分析。结果：抑郁发生率37．7％，女性44．3％（27／61）高于男性30．2％（16／53）。70岁以上者47．6％（30／63）高于70岁以下者25．5％（13／51）。缺少社会活动（几乎不参加社会活动）、缺少锻炼（几乎不锻炼身体）都抑郁发生率高，可能是冠心病并发抑郁的独立预测因素。结论：适度参加社会活动和锻炼对CHD患者并发抑郁可能有预防作用。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者血清中4种胶原成分变化的临床意义

目的：探讨活动性系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清中4种胶原成分的变化及临床意义。方法：采用放射免疫分析法对41例活动期SLE患者及其中伴有沸间质改变、肾脏改变、雷诺征或三者共存者血清Ⅲ型前胶原(PC—Ⅲ)、Ⅳ型肢原(Ⅳ—C)、透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)进行到定。结果：4种胶原成分均明显高于对照组(P＜0．01或P＜0.05)。结论：4种胶原成分的变化在SLE的诊断、治疗、病情判定、评估预后中，特别是肝、肾、肺病变的监测中具有重要作用。     

慢性非细菌性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征患者前列腺液中炎症因子差异表达的临床意义

Objective To investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP/CPPS) patients. Methods The 38 cases with CAP/CPPS patients (18 cases of CAP and 20 cases of CPPS) and 20 cases of healthy controls were selected. The differential expressions of 40 kinds of inflammatory cytokines were detec-ted by antibody arrays in prostate fluid. Results The inflammatory cytokines which increased more than 1.5 times expression have been found. There were seven kinds in CAP including monocyte che-moattractant protein (MCP)-1, solution tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ(s TNF R Ⅱ), platelet-de-rived growth faetor-BB (PDGF-BB), interleukin (IL)-β, IL-11、IL-6、MCP-2 and five kinds in CPPS groups including MCP-1、PDGF-BB、MCP-2、s TNF R Ⅱ、It-11 respectively, compared with healthy control group. The cluster analysis results showed that protein expression of Monocyte chemoattrac-tant protein 1 (MCP-1)and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) were significantly increased in CAP (3.47 and 2.07 times) and CPPS (2.25 and 2.19 times) compared with healthy control group and were the final polymerization of inflammatory cytokines. The protein expression of interleukin 1 β (IL-1 β), MCP-1 and soluble tumor necrosis factor Ⅱ (s TNF R Ⅱ) in CAP group was increased more than 1.85,1.55,1.67 times compared with CPPS group. Conclusions Elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in the course of CAP/CPPS disease. The extent of the inflammatory response of CAP was higher than CPPS. The inflammatory factors of MCP-1 and PDGF-BB could serve as a novel diagnostic marker.     

纤维连接蛋白在膀胱癌丝裂霉素化疗药物耐受中的作用

目的 :探讨纤维连接蛋白 (FN)在膀胱癌化疗药物耐受中的作用。方法 :将T2 4膀胱肿瘤细胞分别接种于包被FN、牛血清蛋白 (BSA)的培养板上孵育 2 4h ,加入不同浓度的丝裂霉素C(MMC)作用 2h ,用MTT比色法检测作用后不同时间肿瘤细胞的存活率 ,用ANNEXINⅤ流式细胞分析仪检测不同时间肿瘤细胞的凋亡率。结果 :FN黏附的膀胱肿瘤细胞在不同浓度MMC作用 2h、12h和 2 4h后的平均存活率为 6 8.3%、4 5 .7%及 5 9.1% ,与BSA黏附的膀胱肿瘤细胞平均存活率 4 5 .0 %、2 1.3%、2 6 .6 %比较 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。FN黏附的膀胱肿瘤细胞在不同浓度MMC作用 2h和 12h后平均凋亡率分别为 1.4 %和 1.0 % ,而BSA组的细胞平均凋亡率为4 .9%和 8.2 % ,两组比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :与FN黏附后的膀胱肿瘤细胞对化疗药物MMC的敏感性下降 ,细胞存活率增高 ;FN能抑制MMC引起的膀胱肿瘤细胞凋亡 ,产生药物耐受。     

葡萄籽多酚对多药耐药的逆转作用及其机制

目的：探讨葡萄籽多酚(GSPs)逆转多药耐药的作用及其对多药耐药相关蛋白GSTπ、TopoⅡ α表达的影响。方法：以人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞及其耐药株MCF-7／ADR细胞作为实验对象，用MTT法观察GSPs对多药耐药的逆转作用，免疫细胞化学技术观察GSPs对GSTπ、TopoⅡα等多药耐药相关蛋白表达的影响。结果：GSPs在1．2、2．4mg／L浓度时对细胞无毒性作用，并且均能逆转MCF-7／ADR细胞的多药耐药性，逆转倍数分别为5．77和9．79倍；GSPs可使MCF-7／ADR细胞GSh表达下降，但对TopoⅡ α表达无影响。结论：体外试验证实GSPs具有多药耐药逆转作用，其机制可能与降低肿瘤细胞内GSTπ的表达有关，提示GSPs是一种潜在的肿瘤化疗增敏剂。     

广东省SARS流行株M基因序列分析

目的：测定广东省不同流行时期13份SARS病毒(SARS CoV)标本的M基因序列，通过分析该基因序列的变异情况，初步了解广东省SARS病毒在流行过程中是否发生了变异。方法：提取病毒RNA，用M基因特异引物进行RT-PCR，将产物纯化后直接测定核苷酸序列。结果：13份标本M基因核苷酸序列同源性很高，为99．7％～100％，M基因核苷酸序列只在2个位点(80和203位)发生变异，1株80位点的变化引起编码的氨基酸从苯丙氨酸(F)变为半胱氨酸(C)，3株203位变化为无义突变。结论：M基因核苷酸序列变异不大，初期和后期M基因核苷酸序列与流行高峰期的毒株相差1个碱基，但氨基酸序列相同；从香港感染病人分离的1株病毒M基因与广东本地感染分离株存在1个氨基酸的差异。     

267株烧伤感染细菌的调查分析

目的：回顾性分析1995年1月至2003年12月间本院烧伤科细菌分布和菌种耐药情况，以指导临床合理用药。方法：收集烧伤病人创面分泌物、血液、痰液及静脉导管末端行普通细菌培养，统计细菌分布情况及常用药物的敏感性。结果：9年来共检出19种267株细菌．其中铜绿假单胞菌和金黄葡萄球菌占83．14％，并有逐渐增加的趋势。铜绿假单胞菌以亚胺培南、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦和多粘菌素B最敏感；氨曲南亦较敏感，且敏感性呈逐渐上升趋势。金黄色葡萄球菌以万古霉素最敏感．呋喃妥因、利福平次之，青霉素类和大部分头孢菌素则高度耐药。结论：目前烧伤感染仍以铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主．防治该两种细菌感染是抗烧伤感染的主要任务。     

Effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes：retrospective epidemic analysis during 2000-2001

Objective: To make an epidemiological analysis of the effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes (RTCs). Methods: Epidemiologic data of extremely severe RTCs associated with environmental factors, including weather, topography, road conditions and other traffic conditions in Mainland China during 2000-2001, were collected and analyzed. Results: ( 1 ) During 2000-2001, there were 3 365 extremely severe RTCs with 13 666 deaths, 12 204 injuries and a direct economical loss of 136 million RMB. ( 2 ) Most extremely severe RTCs occurred in fine weather days and in the daytime. The high occurrence sites were plain areas, horizontal and straight roads, Grade B and C roads, ordinary road segment, and asphalt, smooth and mixed roads. (3) Compared with other RTCs, extremely severe RTCs were more likely to happen under following conditions: on cloudy, snowing, misty and blustering days; in hill and mountainous areas; on crooked and sloping roads; on freeway, Grade A, B, and C roads; mixed roads; ordinary, bridge, narrow and transitional roads; sand and dirt-roads; without traffic control measures; night without lighting. (4) Extremely severe RTCs of mountainous area or crooked and sloping roads were most severe in terms of deaths and injures per crash. Conclusions: Extremely severe RTCs are closely related with environmental factors. Rational road programming, enhancing road establishment and improving road conditions are probably effective measures to reduce the road traffic injuries.