DNA拓扑异构酶I抑制剂诱导鼻咽癌上皮细胞凋亡的实验研究

拟从细胞凋亡角度出发，探讨能够诱导鼻咽癌上皮细胞凋亡的因素，为有效地防治该恶性肿瘤提供新的思路。方法：光镜下观察细胞的形态变化；流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化及亚二倍体比例；ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳及二苯胺法测定ＤＮＡ片段化程度。结果：一定浓度的拓扑异构酶Ｉ抑制剂喜树碱（ＣＰＴ）体外作用于人低分化鼻咽癌上皮细胞系ＣＮＥ－２Ｚ细胞一定时间后，镜下可见细胞体积缩小，染色质凝聚，胞膜突起及凋亡小体形成等形态变化。２￣     

Parental response and understanding towards febrile convulsion

A questionnaire survey was conducted on parents of 58 patients admitted with febrile convulsion (FC) over a 4 month period to the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur to determine parental response towards febrile convulsion in their child and their understanding of home management of FC. RESULTS: The majority of parents (93%) were frightened or were in a panic state on witnessing FC in their child. Most (77.6%) of them were able to bring their child to medical attention within 30 minutes, with delays attributed to transport problems. Parental understanding on FC was deficient, particularly with regard to home management of acute seizures. The parents' main source of information was friends and relatives. CONCLUSIONS: Urgent intervention to counsel and allay fears of parents who have just witnessed an acute FC in their child is required. More effort must be made to educate parents about FC, with particular reference to home management of seizures.     

肝细胞生长因子及其受体c-met在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的表达及意义

目的:研究肝细胞生长因子(hepatocytegrowthfactor,HGF)和cmet蛋白在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的表达以及与临床病理特征的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法对45例卵巢上皮性恶性肿瘤及10例卵巢上皮性良性肿瘤组织中HGF和cmet蛋白的表达进行定位分析;应用蛋白印迹法检测HGF、cmet蛋白在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达。结果:在卵巢癌组织中,HGF在上皮细胞的表达强于间质细胞,cmet在上皮细胞强表达,间质细胞无表达。HGF和cmet蛋白在卵巢癌组织中阳性率分别为60.0%(27/45)和73.0%(33/45),较良性肿瘤组织的阳性率20.0%(2/10)和50.0%(5/10)显著升高,P值分别为0.000和0.000。手术病理分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期者HGF和cmet蛋白表达的阳性率为70.4%(19/27)和88.9%(24/27),较Ⅰ～Ⅱ期者的38.9%(7/18)和50.0%(9/18)显著升高,P值分别为0.048和0.000。淋巴结转移者阳性率分别为78.6%(11/14)和92.8%(13/14),较无淋巴结转移者阳性率51.6%(16/31)和64.5%(21/31)升高显著,P值分别为0.025和0.000。HGF和cmet蛋白表达阳性率与年龄和病理分级无关,P值分别为0.436、0.549、0.465和0.124。HGF和cmet蛋白相对表达强度在卵巢癌组织中为1.29±1.25和1.57±1.25,在良性肿瘤组织中为0.17±0.34和0.44±0.46,两组比较差异有统计学意义,P值分别为0.000和0.007。在卵巢癌组织中HGF和cmet蛋白的表达呈正相关性,P=0.009。结论:卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中存在HGF和cmet蛋白的表达,HGF和cmet与卵巢癌的发生、侵袭和转移密切相关。     

Different astroglial reaction between the vagal dorsal motor nucleus and nucleus ambiguus following vagal-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis in cats

The dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) and nucleus ambiguus (NA) were both traced with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde labelling technique after vagal-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis (VHA). By light microscopy, reinnervation of the new target, viz. tongue skeletal musculature, by DMV and NA was established at 22 days postoperation (dpo) as shown by the neuronal labelling with HRP. Ultrastructurally, signs of retrograde degeneration occurred in some DMV and NA neurons between 3 and 25 days after VHA. The incidence of darkened dendrites, an early sign of dendritic loss, was more common in the DMV compared to the NA. Accompanying the neuronal alteration were drastic astrocytic reactions in the DMV, but not in the NA. Between 3 and 7 dpo, the astrocytes in the DMV showed extensively hypertrophied processes and by 22 dpo, the somata and dendrites of HRP-labelled DMV neurons, but not NA's, appeared to be delineated by the increased lamellar astrocytic processes. Such a feature was sustained throughout the remaining postoperative intervals up to 500 dpo. It is concluded that the DMV motoneurons being autonomic in nature are probably not conducive to the newly acquired target organ. Hence, the insulation of the regenerating DMV motoneurons by the astroglial ensheathment would be vital in the neuronal remodelling and reconstruction of the vagal-hypoglossal pathway.     

Striatal trophic activity is reduced in the aged rat brain

Our previous studies demonstrated that the survival of a mesencephalic graft was reduced in aged animals suggesting an age-related decline in target-derived neurotrophic activity. We tested this hypothesis by examining dopamine (DA) and trophic activities from the striatum of intact or unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rats of increasing age. Fisher 344 rats were 4, 12, 18, and 23 months old (m.o.) at sacrifice. Half the animals had received unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the mesostriatal DA pathway 8 weeks earlier. Striatal tissue punches were analyzed for DA, homovanillic acid (HVA), and DA activity (HVA/DA) using HPLC. The remainder of the striatal tissue was homogenized to generate tissue extracts which were added to E14.5 ventral mesencephalic cultures to test trophic activity. In the non-lesioned animals, striatal DA was reduced and striatal DA activity was increased in the 18 and 23 m.o. animals relative to the 4 and 12 m.o. animals. Striatal trophic activity was inversely related to age. In the lesioned animals, striatal DA ipsilateral to 6-OHDA infusion was below detection limits while the contralateral striatum exhibited age-related changes in DA similar to those seen in the non-lesioned animals. In 4 m.o. lesioned rats, striatal trophic activity ipsilateral to 6-OHDA infusion was elevated by 26% relative to the contralateral side. The ipsi/contra-lateral differences in striatal trophic activity were reduced in 12 m.o. animals and absent in the 18 and 23 m.o. groups. These data suggest that advancing age is associated with a reduction in striatal DA as well as trophic activity. Moreover, the aged striatum loses its ability to biochemically and trophically compensate for DA reduction and therefore may represent a more challenging environment for the survival, growth, and function of a fetal graft.     

Expression of immunoregulatory cytokines in neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area and amygdaloid nuclear complex of rats immunized against human IgG

Present results showed that interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) were constitutively expressed in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the rat hypothalamus. Immunoreactive cells were also detected, but to a lesser extent, in other parts of hypothalamus as well as in the cerebral cortex. In rats immunized with IgG, there was moderate increase in immunoreactivities of the cytokines. A notable feature, however, was the induction of the cytokine expression in the lateral hypothalamic area and the amygdaloid nuclear complex, suggesting that the neurons in these two areas are involved in possible immune regulation.     

社区卫生服务及基本卫生服务主要内容探讨

本文分两部分：第一部分主要介绍了国内外社区卫生服务的发展模式及主要内容；第二部分主要介绍了国外基本卫生服务的界定原则、界定方法及主要内容。     

便携式输液设备的研制

本文介绍一种由8031单片机控制的便携式输液设备，阐述了其原理和组成，它可以自动控制输液速度和输液量，具有报警功能，成本低但性能好，可以广泛应用于临床输液以及药品成分分析等场合。