一氧化氮诱导大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡机制研究

目的:研究一氧化氮(NO)诱导大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞(PASMC)凋亡的作用机制。方法:体外培养Wistar大鼠PASMC,加入NO供体硝普钠(SNP)于常氧和低氧条件下孵育12h或24h,通过流式细胞术碘化丙啶染色法观察PASMC细胞周期时段及凋亡亚二倍体峰变化,应用细胞免疫化学法检测PASMCcaspase-3和NF-κB的表达,同时行DNA断裂琼脂糖凝胶电泳。结果:SNP作用后PASMC出现剂量-依赖性促凋亡作用(P＜0.01),表现为凋亡指数与caspase-3表达的不同程度的增强。随凋亡的进展,出现PASMC凋亡核小体DNAladder,同时PASMCNF-κB阳性核表达较对照组少(P＜0.01)。结论:外源性NO诱导大鼠PASMC凋亡,caspase-3与NF-κB可能涉及PASMC凋亡的调控信号途径。     

Gene expression patterns and gene copy number changes in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an aggressive spindle cell neoplasm. It is associated with the chromosomal translocation, t(17:22), which fuses the COL1A1 and PDGFbeta genes. We determined the characteristic gene expression profile of DFSP and characterized DNA copy number changes in DFSP by array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH). Fresh frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of DFSP were analyzed by array CGH (four cases) and DNA microarray analysis of global gene expression (nine cases). The nine DFSPs were readily distinguished from 27 other diverse soft tissue tumors based on their gene expression patterns. Genes characteristically expressed in the DFSPs included PDGF beta and its receptor, PDGFRB, APOD, MEOX1, PLA2R, and PRKCA. Array CGH of DNA extracted either from frozen tumor samples or from paraffin blocks yielded equivalent results. Large areas of chromosomes 17q and 22q, bounded by COL1A1 and PDGF beta, respectively, were amplified in DFSP. Expression of genes in the amplified regions was significantly elevated. Our data shows that: 1) DFSP has a distinctive gene expression profile; 2) array CGH can be applied successfully to frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples; 3) a characteristic amplification of sequences from chromosomes 17q and 22q, demarcated by the COL1A1 and PDGF beta genes, respectively, was associated with elevated expression of the amplified genes.     

Galectin-3与CDC25B在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨半乳糖凝集素3 mRNA(Galectin-3)和细胞分裂周期蛋白25B mRNA(cell division cycle 25B,CDC25B)在胃癌中的表达及其与临床病理参数及预后的关系.方法 应用组织微阵列技术和原位杂交法检测220例胃癌组织和31份正常胃黏膜组织中Galectin-3 mRNA和CDC25B mRNA 的表达情况.结果 220例胃癌中Galectin-3 mRNA和CDC25B mRNA的阳性表达率分别为58.6%、54.1%;Galectin-3 mRNA表达与肿瘤大小、TNM(tumor,lymph node,metastasis)分期、浸润深度、脉管侵犯、淋巴结转移及远处转移呈正相关;CDC25B mRNA表达也与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、脉管侵犯、淋巴结转移及远处转移呈正相关;Galectin-3 mRNA表达与CDC25B mRNA表达呈正相关;Galectim3 mRNA和CDC25B mRNA阳性表达病例的平均生存时间和5年生存率均明显低于阴性表达的病例.结论 Galectin-3 和CDC25B基因的表达促进了胃癌的发生和发展,是指导临床治疗及评估预后的有效指标.     

毒品胶体金试剂快速测试仪的研制和应用

在绒毛膜促性腺激素金标试条定量测试技术基础上,以先进的精简指令集运算微处理器LPC2210为设计平台,借助现代信息处理技术,抑制生化噪声和光电噪声,通过智能IC卡消除试条批间差异,研制毒品系列胶体金试剂快速测试仪,解决目前毒品试条接近临界点判读困难和无法存档的缺点。经测试,该仪器具有金标试条快捷方便的优点,能有效检测、准确判断临界点,数据符合率高,具有一定的临床辅助诊断价值。     

信号分子复合物在细胞信号转导中的作用及其研究技术

细胞的代谢、迁移、增生、分化等活动,都是在各种信号分子(signaling molecules)的控制下进行的.各种细胞过程并非单个信号转导分子的直接作用就能完成的,而是以多个相关分子形成复合物的形式参与调控.例如多种转录因子在调节基因表达时,通常都是相互作用形成复合物而发挥功能的.细胞的生命过程并不仅是许多独立反应的总和,而是由信号分子复合物执行并调控的.通过生物大分子之间的相互作用并形成不同的复合物,从而对细胞信号过程进行精密调控.本文对信号分子复合物的形式、功能域、调节机制以及研究的主要技术手段进行综述,并预测信号分子复合物的研究前景.     

雌激素处理DCs在诱导小鼠同种皮肤移植免疫耐受中的作用

目的：研究雌二醇（17β-estradiol, E₂）处理的供体骨髓来源树突细胞（dendritic cells, DCs）在诱导小鼠同种异基因皮肤移植免疫耐受中的作用。方法：体外培养小鼠骨髓来源DCs，然后用E₂处理。受体小鼠在皮肤移植前经尾静脉分别输注经E₂处理的供体小鼠DCs、供体小鼠成熟DCs以及不成熟DCs，输注PBS为对照组。1周后对受体小鼠进行同种异基因皮肤移植，手术后观察皮肤存活情况，应用流式细胞术检测手术前后受体小鼠外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞百分率的变化。结果：在同种异基因皮肤移植中，受体小鼠尾静脉输注经E2处理的DCs组与对照组和不成熟DCs组比较，移植皮肤存活时间显著延长，较不成熟DCs组存活时间平均延长10.6 d（P<0.01）；与对照组和不成熟DCs组比较，E₂处理组外周血中CD4+CD25+ 调节性T细胞百分率明显升高（P<0.01）。结论：在同种异基因小鼠皮肤移植模型中，E₂处理的供体小鼠DCs可以延长移植皮肤存活时间。     

Identification of a new HLA-B*56 variant, B*5614

In this report, the novel allele B*5614 is presented. The allele was identified in a Chinese individual by sequence-based typing. HLA-B*5614 differs from B*5608 by a single nucleotide at position 277G-->C in exon 2. This results in an amino acid change from Gly to Arg at codon 93.     

骨髓源间充质干细胞在异基因小鼠免疫器官内的分布及其免疫功能调节作用

目的：探讨骨髓源间充质干细胞(Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells，BMSC)在异基因小鼠免疫器官内的分布及其免疫调节作用。方法：以CM-Dil荧光染料示踪BMSC的体内分布情况，并辅以PCR检测Y染色体的方法进一步鉴定；体外实验采用MTT法、ELISA和FACS等方法检测BMSC的免疫调节作用。结果：BMSC可进入并较长期(30天)存在于异基因小鼠免疫器官内；在体外，BALB／C小鼠的BMSC对由ConA诱导的BALB／C和C57BL／6(B6)和BXSB小鼠的T细胞增殖均有抑制作用；而对前两种小鼠由12S诱导的B细胞增殖和分泌k方面表现为促进作用，对BXSB小鼠由IPS诱导的B细胞增殖和k分泌有抑制作用。BALB／C小鼠的BMSC对BALB／C和B6小鼠由ConA诱导的IL-4生成细胞的数量无明显影响，却可降低由ConA诱导的两种品系小鼠的IFN-γ生成细胞的数量；但对于BXSB小鼠却不同，BALB／C的BMSC可降低由ConA诱导的BXSB小鼠的IL-4生成细胞的数量，而提高由ConA诱导的IFN-γ生成细胞的数量。结论：异基因BMSC不但可进入受体的免疫器官，且可较长期(30天)存在；另外，BMSC对同基因正常、异基因正常和异基因自身免疫病的个体均有一定程度的免疫调节作用。     

Genetically engineered negative signaling molecules in the immunomodulation of allergic diseases

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the control of human mast cell and basophil signaling and recent developments using a new therapeutic platform consisting of a human bifunctional gamma and epsilon heavy chain (Fc gamma-Fc epsilon) protein to inhibit allergic reactivity. RECENT FINDINGS: Crosslinking of Fc gamma RIIb to Fc epsilon RI on human mast cells and basophils by a genetically engineered Fc gamma-Fc epsilon protein (GE2) leads to the inhibition of mediator release upon Fc epsilon RI challenge. GE2 protein was shown to inhibit cord blood-derived mast cell and peripheral blood basophil mediator release in vitro in a dose-dependent fashion, including inhibition of human IgE reactivity to cat. IgE-driven mediator release from lung tissue was also inhibited by GE2. The mechanism of inhibition in mast cells included alterations in IgE-mediated Ca mobilization, spleen tyrosine kinase phosphorylation and the formation of downstream of kinase-growth factor receptor-bound protein 2-SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase (dok-grb2-SHIP) complexes. Proallergic effects of Langerhan's like dendritic cells and B-cell IgE switching were also inhibited by GE2. In vivo, GE2 was shown to block passive cutaneous anaphylaxis driven by human IgE in mice expressing the human Fc epsilon RI and inhibit skin test reactivity to dust mite antigen in a dose-dependent manner in rhesus monkeys. SUMMARY: The balance between positive and negative signaling controls mast cell and basophil reactivity, which is critical in the expression of human allergic diseases. This approach using a human Fc gamma-Fc epsilon fusion protein to co-aggregate Fc epsilon RI with the Fc gamma RII holds promise as a new therapeutic platform for the immunomodulation of allergic diseases and potentially other mast cell/basophil-dependent disease states.     

血清HCV RNA检测在预防输血后丙型肝炎中的意义

目的 探讨血清HCV RNA检测在预防输血后丙型肝炎中的意义。方法 用ELISA法检测2000年1月至2003年12月末抗．HCV阴性的全血标本56400份次，再进行RT-PCR（荧光适时技术）检测HCV RNA，并对输过HCV RNA筛查阴性血液的患者进行追查。结果 HCVRNA阳性率为2．5‰（146／56400）。对输过HCVRNA筛查阴性血液的患者追查结果，无一例发生输血后丙型肝炎。结论 对抗-HCV阴性的血液标本用敏感的试剂进行HCV RNA检测在预防输血后丙型肝炎中不但有效，而且可行。