National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors among Chinese Children: Recent Trends and Correlates

Objective This study was aimed at examining the trends and correlates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors among Chinese children. Methods A total of 4,341 subjects (6,936 observations) aged 6–17 years who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2004–2015) were included. Of the subjects, 41％ participated in the survey twice or more. Random-effects ordinal regression models and repeated-measures mixed-effects models were used to examine the PA trends. Quantile regression models were applied to examine the factors influencing PA and sedentary behaviors. Results From 2004 to 2015, the prevalence of physical inactivity among Chinese children aged 6–17 years increased by 5.5％ [odds ratio (OR), 1.51; 95％ confidence interval (CI), 1.19–1.90; P < 0.001]. The PA volume declined by 5.8 metabolic equivalent of task-hr/week (P < 0.001), and the time spent in sedentary behaviors increased by 1.8 hr/week (P < 0.001). Age, ethnicity, and region showed significant effects on the PA volume across the quartiles (P < 0.001). Across the quartiles, sedentary time was significantly higher in the children residing in urban areas (P < 0.001) or areas with high urbanization levels (P ≤ 0.005) than in their counterparts. Conclusions A declining PA trend among Chinese children aged 6–17 years was observed from 2004 to 2015, and certain subgroups and geographical areas are at higher risk of physical inactivity.     

Identification of Boseongicola sediminum sp. nov., a Novel Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209)-tolerant Strain Isolated from Coastal Sediment in Xiamen,China

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of aromatic organic bromine compounds, which have been used in a broad array of polymeric materials (plastics, foams, resins, and adhesives) as brominated flame retardants. They are used in commercial and household products, including textiles, electronic equipment, airplanes, and automobiles, especially in China and the USA, because they are inexpensive with excellent flame-retardant effects[1]. During the past decade, over 14,000 tonnes of PBDEs have entered the market, and have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants[2].     

血清sRAGE、HbA1C表达与脓毒症患者应激性高血糖及其预后相关性

目的 探究血清可溶性晚期糖基化终末产物受体(sRAGE)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)水平与脓毒症患者并发应激性高血糖(SHG)及其预后的关系。方法选取诊治的135例脓毒症患者为研究对象,按脓毒症患者发病24 h内是否发生SHG将其分为SHG组(56例)和正常血糖组(79例)。比较两组一般资料;应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清sRAGE水平;采用高效液相色谱法检测血清HbA1C水平;比较两组患者28 d死亡率;比较不同预后脓毒症并发SHG患者血清sRAGE、HbA1C水平;利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清sRAGE、HbA1C水平对脓毒症并发SHG患者死亡的预测价值。结果与正常血糖组相比,SHG组患者急性生理与慢性健康评定量表Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)评分、血清sRAGE、HbA1C水平、序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分、28 d死亡率均明显升高(P<0.05);与存活组相比,死亡组脓毒症并发SHG患者血清sRAGE、HbA1C水平均明显升高(P<0.05);血清sRAGE、HbA1C预测脓毒症并发SHG患者死亡的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.826、0.859,截断值分别为1.70 ng/mL、9.47%,相应敏感度分别为76.7%、73.3%,特异度分别为80.8%、84.6%;两者联合预测脓毒症并发SHG患者死亡的AUC为0.904,其敏感度、特异度分别为86.7%、80.2%。结论血清sRAGE、HbA1C水平升高均与脓毒症并发SHG患者不良预后关系密切,检测血清sRAGE、HbA1C水平有利于临床判定脓毒症并发SHG患者的预后。     

B-learning在进修医生胎儿超声心动图教学中的应用

胎儿超声心动图是筛查、诊断胎儿先天性心脏病最有效的方法,其作为一门高难度的新兴学科,从业者需要具备扎实的理论知识和规范的操作技能,学习和掌握起来较为困难。而来我院学习胎儿超声心动图的进修医生,往往存在自身知识水平参差不齐、学习时间紧、任务重等特点,传统教学模式难以达到其学习的目的。我们探索将传统教学与计算机及网络教学相结合即混合式学习(B-learning)运用到进修医生胎儿超声心动图教学中,采用案例式教学、问题导向教学、多媒体教学等多元化教学手段,激发进修医生学习的主动性、积极性,培养其分析、思考问题的能力,提高教学质量,进而提高进修医生超声筛查和诊断胎儿先天性心脏病的能力。     

慢性病轨迹模式护理在骨肉瘤患者中的效果研究

目的:探究慢性病轨迹模式护理在骨肉瘤患者中的效果.方法:选取2018年1月—2019年12月于焦作市第二人民医院接受治疗的74例骨肉瘤患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法将所有患者平均分为两组,对照组接受骨肉瘤术后常规护理,观察组在骨肉瘤术后常规护理的基础上接受慢性病轨迹模式护理,6个月后,比较两组患者的焦虑、抑郁量表的评分,比较两组患者的肢体功能,比较两组患者并发症的发生率.结果:观察组焦虑、抑郁量表的评分均低于对照组,观察组肢体功能情况优于对照组,观察组感染、病理性骨折等并发症的发生率低于对照组患者(P<0.05).结论:慢性病轨迹模式护理能够有效缓解骨肉瘤患者的负面情绪,且对于患者肢体功能的恢复以及并发症的预防具有重要作用.     

优质护理干预对急性肠胃炎患者心理状态的影响

目的:观察优质护理干预对急性肠胃炎患者心理状态的影响。方法:选取我院急性肠胃炎患者86例(2019年6月至2020年6月),随机分为优质护理的观察组(43例)与常规护理的对照组(43例),观察患者心理状态。结果:与对照组相比,观察组HAMA、HAMD评分明显降低(P <0. 05)。结论:优质护理干预可以明显改善急性肠胃炎患者的心理状态。     

《社区全科医生使用便携式超声技术探查甲状腺及颈动脉服务规范》开发

背景　社区全科医生对学习超声技术有一定兴趣,但需要结合全科医生的社区工作场景和学科背景为其开发能帮助其快速、有效、高效学习的工具。目的　开发一套简易的、适合社区全科医生使用的、用于指导规范使用便携式超声初筛式探查体表两个器官（甲状腺和颈动脉）的超声探查服务规范。方法　于2019年10月,通过个人深度访谈,形成探查流程,指导后续服务规范范围的框定;根据前一步确定的社区全科医生执行超声探查的流程,查阅相关文献,进行内容梳理,形成社区全科医生使用便携式超声技术探查甲状腺及颈动脉服务规范初稿;交参与前一轮流程开发的全科医生审核,形成审核后版本;组织项目组成员召开小组会议专题研讨,针对服务规范进行分块审核并修订,形成终稿。结果　形成社区全科医生使用便携式超声技术探查甲状腺及颈动脉服务规范各一份,社区全科医生对于规范中规定的需要进行的数据采集和判断工作感到焦虑,社区超声医师对社区全科医生执行服务规范中的内容有信心,但认为该服务能否收费会直接影响全科医生参与和持续参与的积极性。结论　从修订意见反馈数量来看,第一轮文本基本达到制定目的,最终文本有应用价值。从服务规范修订过程中社区全科医生和社区超声医师的反馈来看,技术难度和工作绩效是未来落地执行的关键。执行过程中的时间消耗和漏筛带来的风险也是需要考虑的问题。总之,满足和推进社区全科医生对超声技术的兴趣,首先,选择适合全科医生开展超声探查的部位是关键,需要考虑社区执业场景、技术操作时间、难度和风险;其次,进一步推行时,需要考虑绩效补贴及如何与家庭医生制度工作相结合。     

通过ACEⅡ通路治疗男性不育症的中药网络药理学研究

目的 通过收集ACEⅡ通路和男性不育症的交集靶点,运用网络药理学研究方法,挖掘具有潜在价值的中药及相关化合物.方法 通过KEGG、TCMSP数据库检索靶点、相关中药以及活性化合物,运用Cytoscape 3.7.0构建有效中药-活性化合物-靶点网络,通过NetworkAnalyzer功能分析各组分网络维度参数.结果 共有194味中药具有该通路靶点,其中前10位为麻黄、桑叶、柴胡、芫荽、沙棘、桂枝、生姜、桑椹、枇杷叶、牛蒡子.进一步构建有效中药-活性化合物-靶点网络,发现以麻黄Degree最高(Degree=7),桑叶、芫荽次之(Degree=5),活性化合物按Degree排序以acetic acid(Degree=11)、anethole(Degree=4)、Terragon(Degree=4)居前3位.结论 本研究初步分析了针对ACEⅡ通路与少弱精交集靶点对应的有效中药,并通过网络药理学分析,筛选了具有潜在价值的中药及活性化合物.     

麒麟丸在薄型子宫内膜不孕症患者内膜准备中的作用研究

目的 分析麒麟丸在薄型子宫内膜不孕症患者内膜准备中的疗效.方法 选取2018年4月至2020年4月于本院就诊的70例薄型子宫内膜不孕患者(肾虚血淤型)作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组35例.对照组给予补佳乐治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合麒麟丸治疗,比较两组子宫内膜变化情况及妊娠率.结果 治疗前,两组排卵日子宫内膜厚度、内膜分型比较差异无统计学意义.治疗后,两组子宫内膜厚度均高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组A型率高于治疗前,B型率低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组A型率及B型率与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义,两组A型率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组临床妊娠率为31.42％,高于对照组的17.14％,但差异无统计学意义.结论 补佳乐联合麒麟丸在薄型子宫内膜不孕症患者内膜准备中效果显著,麒麟丸作为中医药方,对改善薄型子宫内膜不孕症患者的子宫内膜容受性及提高妊娠率起积极作用,值得临床推广应用.