LyP-1-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles suppress tumor growth by magnetic induction hyperthermia

To find a promising drug carrier to suppress tumor using magnetic induction hyperthermia (MIH) and targeted therapy, two superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and LyP-1, respectively, were prepared and compared. The particle size ranges of PEG-SPIONs and LyP-1-SPIONs were 10–15 nm, and 15–20 nm, respectively. In FTIR spectra, PEG-SPIONs and LyP-1-SPIONs had strong peaks between 575 and 1630 cm^?1. Specifically, the PEG-SPIONs mainly has peaks in 581 and 1630 cm^?1. The LyP-1-SPIONs mainly had peaks in 575, 1050 and 1625 cm^?1. The contents of Fe₃O₄ in the PEG-SPIONs and LyP-1-SPIONs were about 94.24 and 89.26%, respectively. The iron contents in the MCF-7 and CT-26 cells were 33.1 ± 1.8 and 27.9 ± 0.95 pg, respectively, after co-incubation with LyP-1-SPIONs for 8 h. The LyP-1-SPIONs accumulated in the nucleus of MCF-7 cells while PEG-SPIONs in cytoplasma. In vitro, after 30 days we can found the tumor almost stopped to grow in Group LyP-1-SPIONs. LyP-1-SPIONs are promising in treating cancer as they accumulated in the nucleus of MCF-7 cells which expressed p32 and almost stopped tumor growth by combined MIH and targeted therapy.     

新型运动心电图检测系统及初步临床应用

目的为了更加全面地诊断心肌是否存在潜在的缺血,评估心肺功能和诊断相关疾病,本文研制了一款新型运动心电检测系统,并初步验证其临床应用的可靠性。方法该系统在传统运动心电系统的基础上,引入呼吸力学监测、二氧化碳监测以及氧浓度监测,并采用新型QRS波起点和终点检测算法和自适应滤波等避免血压值和心电参数受到运动的干扰。最后进行了标准符合性测试和临床试验对该新型运动心电系统进行了测试和验证。结果标准符合性测试表明该运动心电系统共模抑制比、输入噪声等关键技术指标满足标准要求;临床运动试验得到的HR、ST、ST/HR、SP/DP参数值和医生手动测量参数值偏差的标准差分别是0.798次/min、0.008 8 m V、0.071μV/(次/min)、1.135/0.919 mm Hg(1mm Hg=133.322 Pa)。结论该系统稳定可靠,且ECG、血压等参数计算准确,为心肺功能评估提供了可靠的参考,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

A homozygous G insertion in MPLKIP leads to TTDN1 with the hypergonadotropic hypogonadism symptom

Background

Trichothiodystrophy nonphotosensitive 1 (TTDN1) is a disease with mental retardation, brittle hair. Some cases of the diseases are caused by mutations of the MPLKIP gene.

Methods

We carefully identified the clinic characteristics, the sulfur level and pattern of the hair shafts of a female patient of with the symptom of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and of her parents and brother whose are healthy. We also collected the blood sample of the patient and performed the exon sequencing. One G insertion in MPLKIP was identified after analyzing the obtained exon sequencing profile. The G insertion sites in the patient, her parents and brother, were verified using Sanger sequencing. The G insertion in MPLKIP were compared to the dbSNP.

Results

The female patient of TTDN1 carries a homozygous G insertion (rs747470385) in the MPLKIP gene. The parents and brother of the patient are heterozygous carriers of the same mutation, but are healthy. The hair shafts of the patient had a tiger-tail pattern with relatively low sulfur levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that autosomal recessive inheritance of the G insertion in the MPLKIP gene results in TTDN1.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that the homozygotic G insertion in MPLKIP results in the TTDN1 with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, while heterozygous carriers of the same mutation have no symptoms and healthy. These results provide novel insights into the association of mutations in MPLKIP and TTDN1 with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.

     

Mucopolysaccharidosis III in Taiwan: Natural history,clinical and molecular characteristics of 28 patients diagnosed during a 21‐year period

Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPS III, Sanfilippo syndrome) has a variable age of onset and variable rate of progression. However, information regarding the natural history of this disorder in Asian populations is limited. A retrospective analysis was carried out for 28 patients with MPS III (types IIIA [n = 3], IIIB [n = 23], and IIIC [n = 2]; 15 males and 13 females; median age, 8.2 years; age range, 2.7–26.5 years) seen in six medical centers in Taiwan from January 1996 through October 2017. The median age at confirmed diagnosis was 4.6 years. The most common initial symptom was speech delay (75%), followed by hirsutism (64%) and hyperactivity (54%). Both z scores for height and weight were negatively correlated with age (r = –.693 and ?0.718, respectively; p < .01). The most prevalent clinical manifestations were speech delay (100%) and intellectual disability (100%), followed by hirsutism (93%), hyperactivity (79%), coarse facial features (68%), sleep disorders (61%), and hepatosplenomegaly (61%). Ten patients (36%) had epilepsy, and the median age at the first seizure was 11 years. Thirteen patients (46%) experienced at least one surgical procedure. At the time of the present study, 7 of the 28 patients had passed away at the median age of 13.0 years. Molecular studies showed an allelic heterogeneity without clear genotype and phenotype correlations. MPS IIIB is the most frequent subtype among MPS III in the Taiwanese population. An understanding of the natural history of MPS III may allow early diagnosis and timely management of the disease facilitating better treatment outcomes.     

Lentiviral Vectors and Adeno‐Associated Virus Vectors: Useful Tools for Gene Transfer in Pain Research

Pain, especially chronic pain, has always been a heated point in both basic and clinical researches since it puts heavy burdens on both individuals and the whole society. A better understanding of the role of biological molecules and various ionic channels involved in pain can shed light on the mechanism under pain and advocate the development of pain management. Using viral vectors to transfer specific genes at targeted sites is a promising method for both research and clinical applications. Lentiviral vectors and adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vectors which allow stable and long‐term expression of transgene in non‐dividing cells are widely applied in pain research. In this review, we thoroughly outline the structure, category, advantages and disadvantages and the delivery methods of lentiviral and AAV vectors. The methods through which lentiviral and AAV vectors are delivered to targeted sites are closely related with the sites, level and period of transgene expression. Focus is placed on the various delivery methods applied to deliver vectors to spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion both of which play important roles in primary nociception. Our goal is to provide insight into the features of these two viral vectors and which administration approach can be chosen for different pain researches. Anat Rec, 301:825–836, 2018. © 2017 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.     

The propagation mechanisms of extracellular tau in Alzheimer’s disease

Journal of Neurology - Tubulin-associated unit (tau)&nbsp;is an important microtubule-associated&nbsp;protein. The abnormal intracellular aggregation of tau has been strongly associated...     

缺氧条件下中介素和系膜细胞对内皮细胞血管生成的影响

目的探讨缺氧条件下,中介素(IMD)和肾小球系膜细胞(HMC)对内皮细胞的影响。方法内皮细胞分为4组:(1)内皮细胞与系膜细胞共培养,加IMD处理作为HEMI组;(2)内皮细胞与系膜细胞共培养,无处理作为HEM组;(3)内皮细胞加IMD处理作为HEI组;(4)内皮细胞无处理作为HE组;将各组细胞在1%O2、94%N2、5%CO2条件下缺氧培养12 h后,蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)、免疫细胞化学技术检测相关蛋白表达,实时定量反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测相关基因mRNA相对表达量,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)含量,体外血管形成实验检测内皮细胞的成管分支数。实验结果两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析。结果上皮型钙黏分子(VE-cadherin)表达量HEMI(1.629±0.197、1.557±0.066、10.552±0.523)高于HEM(1.116±0.118、1.340±0.161、8.128±0.542)、HEI(1.278±0.096、1.078±0.088、7.523±1.211)、HE组(1.000±0.000,F=0.734、1.244、6.134,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;血小板内皮细胞黏附分子(PECAM-1/CD31)表达量HEMI(1.309±0.234、1.203±0.105、1.654±0.462)高于HEM(1.067±0.379、1.038±0.035、1.601±0.397)、HEI(1.225±0.091、1.101±0.038、1.605±0.207)、HE组(1.000±0.000),差异无统计学意义(F=5.083、5.434、6.428,P>0.05);VEGF表达量HEMI(0.904±0.005、1.922±0.457)高于HEM组(0.690±0.071、1.000±0.000,F=8.307、10.896,P<0.01),ELISA中加入IMD组(1.018±0.319)VEGFA浓度比值高于对照组(0.921±0.294,F=0.132,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;体外血管形成中HEMI(22.289±0.131)、HEM(21.318±0.594)、HEI(21.533±0.867)、HE(20.755±1.798)高于NE组(18.731±0.525,F=5.926、0.030、1.033,P<0.05;F=6.753,P>0.05)。结论缺氧条件下,IMD可以直接或通过系膜细胞间接双重影响内皮细胞,促进血管形成。     

Inter-segmental foot kinematics during gait in elderly females according to the severity of hallux valgus

The objective of this study was to find the effect of hallux valgus (HV) deformity on the inter-segmental motion of the foot using an MFM with a 15-marker set (DuPont Foot Model, DuFM) in comparison with age and sex controlled healthy adults. Fifty-eight female symptomatic HV patients and 50 female asymptomatic older female volunteers were included in this study. According to the radiographic hallux valgus angle (HVA), the study population was divided into severe HV (SHV, HVA ≥ 40°, n = 25), moderate HV (MHV, 20° ≤ HVA < 40°, n = 47), and control (CON, n = 36). MHV group was divided into symptomatic MHV group (S-MHV, n = 33) and asymptomatic MHV group (A-MHV, n = 14) according to the symptoms associated with HV. For temporal parameters, gait speed and stride length were diminished according to the severity of HV deformity. Sagittal range of motion of hallux and hindfoot decreased significantly in SHV group. Loss of push-off during the preswing phase was observed and forefoot adduction motion during terminal stance was decreased in SHV group. In a subgroup analysis of MHV, asymptomatic HV minimally affects gait and inter-segmental motion during gait. HV deformity affects gait parameters and inter-segmental motion of the foot during gait in proportion to the severity of the deformity. However, the effect of MHV itself on foot kinematics might be limited while pain or arthritic change of the joint might cause changes in gait in patients with symptomatic HV.