上海口岸国际邮轮随船检疫工作模式初探

随着国家一系列支持政策的出台,短短几年间,我国邮轮经济已经从以国际邮轮入境接待为主的起步发展阶段,逐步进入国际邮轮出入境旅游并举的快速发展阶段,邮轮度假、邮轮旅游日益成为中国游客接受的新兴出游方式[1].同时,随着邮轮经济在中国的快速发展,上海作为国际航运中心的地位日益突出,邮轮行业在上海逐步深入,进入上海港的邮轮种类、行程安排越来越丰富多样,传统的靠泊检疫模式已无法完全满足检验检疫保障人员、船舶安全卫生的新需求,一种新型的邮轮随船检疫新模式日益得到检验检疫机构和邮轮相关行业的接收和认可.在国家质量监督检验检疫总局（以下简称国家质检总局）的大力支持和政策引导下,上海出入境检验检疫局（以下简称上海局）积极探索卫生检疫监管新模式,创造性的提出并推广了邮轮随船检疫这一适应新形势、新情况的邮轮检疫新手段,极大促进了上海的城市发展和地方经济的腾飞.     

7 582名城乡学生生长发育现况分析

目的 了解7 582名学生生长发育水平及城乡差异,为相关的学术研究提供基础依据。方法 根据山东省教育行政部门提供的2010年山东省学生体质与健康调研的数据,抽取7~18岁学生作为研究对象,对生长发育各项指标进行城乡比较。结果 身高、体重、胸围、肺活量和握力平均水平均随年龄的增长而增加,整体上男生高于女生,城市高于乡村;50米跑用时乡村高于城市;男生坐位体前屈、仰卧起坐乡村高于城市;女生耐力跑用时城市高于乡村。结论 7 582名学生体格发育、生理功能和运动素质均存在城乡差异。     

前哨淋巴结活检在乳腺癌手术中的应用

目的：研究前哨淋巴结活检（SLNB）在乳腺癌手术中的应用。方法：回顾性分析本院2011年6月-2014年6月间收治的28例行乳腺癌手术患者的临床资料,于术前2~4 h在肿瘤下方或瘤床内注射0.4 mL/37MBq放射性物质99mTc_DX,术中用r探测仪定位并切除前哨淋巴结（SLN）,再行乳腺肿瘤切除及腋窝淋巴结（ALN）清扫。首先对SLN及ALN进行常规HE检测,再行免疫组织化学（1HC）检测及逆转录多聚酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测细胞角蛋白19（CKl9）mRNA的表达以检测淋巴结的微转移。结果：本次研究的检出率为100%,共检出43枚前哨淋巴结。18例患者有1枚,5例2枚、5例3枚。腋窝淋巴结共检出67枚。患者经HE染色检测后发现4例发生转移;利用印片细胞学对患者前哨淋巴结的阴阳性进行判断,经检查后发现阳性5例,阴性23例。结论：乳腺癌SLNB是可行的,SLN可以预测ALN的转移情况,它在保乳方面起到了重要作用,并且有利于判断是否为患者行腋窝淋巴结清扫,值得推广使用。     

总图布局制约因素分析及解决方案——以广州白云区人民医院迁建工程为例

文章从基地形态、基地水系等6个方面总结了广州白云区人民医院迁建工程在设计中总图布局的制约因素,提出了相应的解决方案,并详细介绍了最终的总平面布局的构思及特点。     

浅谈影响医院建筑未来发展的因素

文章从“两性三化”即安全性、灵活性、人性化、智能化、生态化5个因素出发,分别介绍了各个因素对医院建筑未来发展的影响,建议加强趋势研究,促进医院建筑的合理性。     

心律失常患者医院感染前后心电图变化的临床对比研究

目的探讨心律失常患者医院感染前后心电图变化,以期提高临床诊断治疗质量。方法回顾性分析2011年2月-2012年12月64例心律失常患者医院感染患者的临床资料,对所有患者进行心电图检查,观察病原菌与心电图的关系以及感染前后心电图的变化,采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果心律失常患者医院感染前房室期前收缩52例,占81.25%;感染后61例,占95.31%;室性期前收缩感染前为41例,占64.06%;感染后55例,占85.94%、束支阻滞感染前16例,占25.00%;感染后29例,占45.31%;窦性心动过速感染前19例,占29.69%;感染后33例,占51.56%,以上感染前后心电图的变化率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在心电图与医院感染病原菌关系方面,心律失常合并医院感染患者的主要的心电图改变是ST-T改变,占81.16%,而这其中肺炎链球菌和大肠埃希菌存在着异常P波、Q波、QS波等改变,分别占13.04%和5.8%,而其他的病原菌在以上的异常心电图中均为0。结论房室期前收缩、室性期前收缩、束支阻滞、窦性心动过速等心律失常患者医院感染前后心电图存在差异性,有助于临床诊断和辅助治疗。     

Development of 39 polymorphic microsatellite markers for the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas using Illumina paired-end sequencing

Dosidicus gigas is an abundant squid species supporting one of the most important fisheries in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Assessment and management of the fishery requires reliable information on the population’s genetic structure. In this study, we isolated and characterized 39 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci for D. gigas using Illumina paired-end sequencing. Loci were screened in 20 individuals from the Eastern Pacific Ocean. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 26 (mean = 14.72). The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.150 to 0.950 (mean = 0.604), and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.487 to 0.972 (mean = 0.872). The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.440 to 0.945, with a mean of 0.836. These microsatellite loci are expected to be useful for further studies of genetic diversity and genetic structure of D. gigas.     

Reduction of alkaline reflux gastritis and marginal ulcer by modified Braun enteroenterostomy in gastroenterologic reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy

Background

The incidence of alkaline reflux gastritis (ARG) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is high. Although Braun enteroenterostomy (BEE) may reduce ARG, BEE may result in marginal ulcers (MUs) due to the additional anastomotic stoma. We conducted this study to compare clinical outcomes of using a modified BEE (MBEE) with traditional gastrojejunostomy (TGJ), by inducting a purse-string suture instead of an additional anastomotic stoma.

Materials and methods

All 62 patients underwent standard PD at the Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery of West China Hospital between January 1, 2008 and January 31, 2012. Demographics, perioperative and postoperative factors, and follow-up morbidity were compared in those patients who underwent MBEE (n = 32, three patients were lost to follow-up) to those who underwent TGJ (n = 30, nine patients were lost to follow-up).

Results

Patients who underwent the MBEE experienced a decrease in total morbidity including ARG and MUs, relative to those who underwent TGJ (24.1% versus 58.3%, P = 0.011). With regard to the MBEE group, the total ARG rate was statistically significantly lower compared with the TGJ group (13.8% versus 37.5%, P = 0.046). In addition, the incidence of MUs was reduced.

Conclusions

In patients undergoing PD, the MBEE was safely performed with significantly more patients having reduced incidence of ARG and related sequela compared with those who underwent TGJ. These results support further study of patients undergoing gastroenterostomy after resection of the distal stomach in larger, randomized studies.