肝移植术后并发症的影像学评价

目的:采用多种影像学措施评价肝脏移植术后并发症。材料和方法:16例背驮式原位肝移植术患者,术后7天内每日行胸片及胸腹部超声检查。术后2周～12个月,当患者出现发烧、皮肤巩膜黄染及异常B型超声发现时,行上腹部CT检查5例8次、同时行胸部CT检查2例、上腹部MRI及MRCP检查6例、ERCP检查4例、PTC检查2例、“T”管造影2例和下腔静脉造影1例。结果:术后1周内诊断胸腔积液14例(14/16);术后1～2周诊断肺部感染7例(7/16);肺不张4例(4/16)。术后4个月和8个月诊断右肺和移植肝多发转移瘤各1例(2/6);术后3周～10个月诊断胆总管吻合口狭窄、胆管炎、胆泥形成等5例(5/16)。术后2周诊断下腔静脉狭窄1例(2/16)。结论:运用多种影像学检查方法有助于及时诊断肝移植术后并发症。     

纤维支气管镜与间接喉钳手术治疗声带疾病

目的进一步研究声带小结与息肉的治疗手段。方法采用日本OlimpusBFp20型纤支镜和国产FF-99光电子内窥镜显示仪，配合间接万向喉钳治疗声带小结和息肉57例。结果治愈率92％，病人痛苦小。结论纤支镜配合间接喉钳手术治疗声带小结和息肉效果良好。     

合肥地区献血员感染HBV和HCV危险因素的多因素分析

用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了合肥地区１４４０名献血员抗ＨＣＶ和乙肝五项指标，抗ＨＣＶ阳性率为５５％；ＨＢｓＡｇ携带率为１５％，ＨＢＶ总感染率４３７％。分别以抗ＨＣＶ阳性与感染过ＨＢＶ的献血员为病例，以抗ＨＣＶ阴性与未感染ＨＢＶ的献血员为对照进行了ＨＣＶ和ＨＢＶ感染危险因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果显示，ＡＬＴ、献血次数、献血量、文化程度、献血员心理和输血史与ＨＣＶ感染有关；血型、家庭人口数和家庭子女数与ＨＢＶ感染有关。     

动脉数字减影血管造影的临床应用

本文报告８０例动脉数字减影血管造影（ＩＡＤＳＡ）的初步经验，特别着重影像质量的评价。在本组病例，ＩＡＤＳＡ主要用于头颅、颈部、肺、腹部以及先天性心脏病的诊断。本组未发生重大并发症。ＩＡＤＳＡ的优点是：（１）影像质量好；（２）用于ＩＡＤＳＡ的剂量和浓度以及导管的直径均较用于常规血管造影的小得多，因此其副作用和并发症显著减少；（３）检查时间显著缩短，因此，ＩＡＤＳＡ对介入放射学治疗特别有用；（４）ＩＡＤＳＡ现已大部取代常规血管造影来诊断多种疾病。     

Effects of Electro-Acupuncture on Immune Function After Chemotherapy in 28 Cases

PURPOSE: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture therapy on T cells and activity of NK cell in the patient of Chemotherapy. METHOD: Electro-acupuncture therapy was simultaneously applied during chemotherapy, T cells and activity of NK cell of patients were determined before electroacupuncture treatment (before chemotherapy) and after 4-course electro-acupuncture treatments. RESULTS: Before chemotherapy, CD3 was low within the normal range, CD4 was much lower than the normal range, and CD8, CD4/CD8 and activity of NK cell were within the normal range. After one month of chemotherapy combined with electro-acupuncture, no decline of all the indices was found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture can really increase the immune function of patients of chemotherapy.     

浙江省在鼠中检测到埃立克体及无形体DNA片段并测序分析

目的:了解鼠中自然感染埃立克体及无形体的状况。方法:用巢式PCR扩增鼠中埃立克体属及嗜粒细胞无形体属16S rDNA的5′末端片段,对阳性产物克隆后测序。结果:在浙江省金华市金东区捕到鼠128只。在黄毛鼠中检到阳性4份,阳性率为3.125%,并对其进行克隆后测序。与Genbank上比对分析,三份与牛埃立克体相同基因区最为接近,属无形体科,无形体属。一份与反刍动物埃立克体相同基因区最为接近,属无形体科,埃立克体属。均为国内首次报道。结论:初步认为浙江省存在埃立克体及无形体病原。黄毛鼠可能为埃立克体及无形体宿主,尚需进一步调查。     

Investigation of the anti-complement agents, FUT-175 and K76COOH, in discordant xenotransplantation

Abstract: We examined whether hyperacute rejection (HAR) of a discordant xenograft in a nonhuman primate model could be inhibited by the anticomplement agents, FUT-175 (FUT) and K76COOH (K76). The inhibitory effect of FUT and K76 on baboon sera was studied in vitro by i) complement-mediated hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes (by measuring serum CH50) and ii) cytotoxicity to cultured pig kidney (PK15) cells. The in vivo administration of FUT (at 0.2–25 mg/kg/h i.v. continuously) and K76 (50 mg/kg i.v. bolus) allowed evaluation of the serum levels of these drugs. Both FUT and K76 inhibited serum CH50 in a concentration-dependent manner. An enhanced effect was obtained by combining K76 with FUT therapy. High concentrations of FUT (>10^-4 M) and K76 (>10³ μxg/ml) were necessary to suppress serum CH50 to <5% of the normal level. However, PK15 cytotoxicity remained at >50% in the presence of i) 10^-4 M of FUT, ii) 10³ μg/ml of K76, and iii) 10^-6 M of FUT + 10³ μg/ml of K76. Pig heart transplantation (HTX) was performed in two baboons receiving FUT (1 mg/kg/h i.v. continuously) and K76 (at 200 mg/kg ×1 or 400 mg/kg + 200 mg/kg × 2 i.v, respectively). Cytotoxicity of the serum to PK15 cells at the time of HTX showed 39% and 1% cell death, respectively, in these two baboons, and the CH50 level was 1% (of control level) and 0%, respectively. Graft survival was 4.5 hours and 10 hours (with death of the baboon), respectively (compared with a mean of 29 minutes in control experiments). Both excised grafts showed typical features of hyperacute rejection. Immunopathological studies revealed deposition of C1q, C3d, C6, properdin, and Factor B, demonstrating that complement activation was not fully inhibited by FUT and K76. We conclude that i) FUT and K76 are indeed potent complement inhibitors, ii) the dosages of FUT and K76 necessary to suppress complement-mediated injury cannot be extrapolated from previously reported data obtained from serum CH50 levels, and iii) higher (possibly toxic) dosages will be required to inhibit complement activation completely. It seems unlikely that HAR will be prevented by these drugs alone, although they may be beneficial when combined with other forms of therapy.     

单核细胞流变特性异常在动脉粥样硬化进程中的作用

目的：了解单核细胞流变特性异常在动脉粥样硬化进程的作用。方法：大耳白兔６０只随机分为实验组（ＡＧ）４０只及对照组（ＣＧ）２０只，ＡＧ给予胆固醇ｌｇ．ｄ＾－１只＾－１在喟养的第２，４，８和１２周分别抽血检测单核细胞变形性，膜脂流动性及单核细胞（Ｃａ＾２＋０ｉ。结果：在兔ＡＳ阶段性进程中，单核细胞变形性，膜脂流动性下降趋势，细胞内（Ｃａ＾２＋）ｉ呈上升趋势，膜流动性与细胞内（Ｃａ＾２＋）ｉ呈负相关，变     

急性百草枯中毒患者30d预后影响因素的研究

目的 探讨应用血液净化治疗后,急性百草枯中毒患者30 d预后的影响因素。方法 选取西安交通大学第一及第二附属医院符合纳排标准急性百草枯中毒患者(79例),电话随访服毒30 d时的预后,分为死亡组(n=40)及存活组(n=39);比较两组年龄、性别、既往高血压史、糖尿病史、服毒量、服毒至就诊的时间、中性粒细胞计数/淋巴细胞计数比值、单核细胞计数/淋巴细胞计数比值、尿素氮、肌酐、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间及急性病生理学和长期健康评价(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ),采用二分类Logistic回归分析预测死亡组的危险因素;采用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(area under curve, AUC)分析服毒量对死亡组的预测价值;应用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析服毒量与30 d预后的关系。结果 服毒量及APACHEⅡ为30 d死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05);服毒量预测死亡组的AUC为0.882(P<0.001),临界值为40 mL(敏感度72.5%,特异度87.18...