小儿糖尿病血胰岛细胞抗体与胰岛素自身抗体

报道并分析20例小儿糖尿病患儿的临床资料及血胰岛细胞抗体(ICA)及胰岛素自身抗体(IAA)的测定资料。在20例患儿中,临床表现多不典型。在酮症酸中毒的治疗中小剂量胰岛素疗法方法简便,安全可靠,并发症少。本组患儿ICA阳性率55%,IAA阳性率30%,经卡方检验均显著高于对照组,推测病毒感染引起自身免疫反应,产生ICA及IAA而致本病发生。     

戴慧芬教授治疗痛经的经验

介绍了戴彗芬教授应用逍遥散、当归调经汤、温经汤、和经止痛汤，当归芍药散、当归四逆加吴萸、生姜汤、血府逐瘀汤治疗痛经的经验。     

No impact of repeated endoscopic screens on gastric cancer mortality in a prospectively followed Chinese population at high risk.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in China. Our study prospectively evaluated the impact of repeated endoscopic screens on GC mortality in a high-risk population in China. METHODS: Between 1989 and 1999, a population-based gastroscopic screening was conducted in 4,394 residents of Linqu County, China, a region with the highest rates of GC worldwide. Residents ages 35 to 64 years received initial gastroscopies with biopsies in 1989. Repeated endoscopies were performed in 1994 and 1999. Cancer occurrences and deaths were actively monitored throughout the entire period until July 2000. Mortality from GC was compared with expected values based on mortality rates obtained for Linqu in the 1990-1992 Chinese Cancer Mortality Survey. RESULTS: Between March 1989 and July 2000, 39,303 person-years were accumulated; 85 new GCs occurred, 29 (34.5%) were in early stage. Fifty-eight cases (68%) were identified at one of the screens. The number of observed deaths from GC (37) was close to the expected (36.8). The standardized mortality ratio was 1.01 (95% CI 0.72-1.37) for the entire cohort, 1.13 (95% CI 0.77-1.57) for males, and 0.65 (95% CI 0.26-1.32) for females. CONCLUSIONS: Despite high population coverage with repeated screens, no reduction in GC mortality was observed in this high-risk population in China.     

Cosolvency of Dimethyl Isosorbide for Steroid Solubility

Dimethyl isosorbide (DMI), which is currently under investigation for its potential use as a pharmaceutical vehicle and drug permeation enhancer, is a water-miscible liquid with relatively low viscosity. The solubilization behavior of DMI as a cosolvent for nonpolar drugs was characterized via dielectric constant measurements of binary solvent systems containing DMI and either water, propylene glycol (PG), or polyethylene glycol (PEG). Evidence from the dielectric constant profiles and NMR studies suggest that DMI undergoes complexation with water and PG, but not with PEG, through hydrogen bonding interactions. The solvent complexation exhibited a major effect on the solubilities of prednisone, dexamethasone, and prednisolone in the mixed solvent systems. Maximum solubility of each drug was found to occur near a DMI/water or DMI/PG concentration ratio of 1:2. In the DMI–PEG mixed system, while there is no apparent interaction between DMI and PEG molecules, the solubility of prednisone was found to increase with decreasing dielectric constant.     

人肿瘤特异抗原MAGE-3基因疫苗的构建和表达

目的：克隆肿瘤特异性共享抗原mage-3基因，制备基于α－病毒复制酶的高效黑色素瘤特异性基因疫苗。方法：用RT-PCR方法从黑色素瘤细胞系LB373中制备mage-3基因，以含α－病毒复制酶的哺乳细胞高效表达质粒pSMART2a为载体，构建重组DNA疫苗。重组子用载体中的T7和T3启动子序列为测序引物进行自动测序。再将鉴定过的重组质粒用脂质体法转化293细胞，用免疫印迹法和免疫组化法鉴定转化细胞中mage-3蛋白的表达。结果：正确构建了mage-3/pSMART2a重组质粒，并且在转化此质粒的293细胞中检测出了mage-3蛋白的表达。结论：此重组mage-3/pSMART2a质粒可以作为肿瘤特异的DNA疫苗，可进行下一步的肿瘤动物模型的疫苗接种及相关免疫学效应研究。     

赤芍总苷对沙土鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effects of the total paeony glycoside (TPG) against global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils. METHODS: Gerbils models of global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury were prepared by bilateral common carotid artery ligation for 12 min followed by 24-hour reperfusion. The effects of TGP on brain edema index, superoxide dismatase (SOD) activity and malonaldehyde (MDA) concentration of the cerebral tissue homogenate and pathology of the brain were examined 24 h after model establishment. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, TPG at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg could significantly relieve brain edema, enhance SOD activity and lower MDA concentration in the gerbils. Pathological examination showed that the gerbils with TPG treatment had milder injury of the cells in the hippocampal CA1 region. CONCLUSIONS: TPG has obvious protective effects against global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.     

护理工作量测量的影响因素

对影响护理工作量测量的护士因素、患者因素及环境等诸多因素进行综述。提出管理工作者需根据目前护理人力资源现状和配置标准进行分析、论证，明确界定护理工作的性质和内容，制定适合我国国情的护理工作量测量工具，以合理分配护理人力资源，使有限的护理资源满足广大患者的需要，从而提高社会效益和经济效益。     

Clusterin expression in cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders and their histologic simulants

Background:  Clusterin is a ubiquitous 80 kDa heterodimeric glycoprotein previously shown to be expressed on tumor cells of systemic and, to a lesser extent, primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL). Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), an important differential diagnosis of ALCL, has been studied for clusterin expression in only a small number of cases. The aim of this study was to compare clusterin immunostaining patterns in LyP and other cutaneous histologic simulants with those of PC-ALCL.
Methods:  Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of PC-ALCL (6), LyP (20), mycosis fungoides with large cell transformation (MF-LCT, 12), pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA, 12), arthropod bite reaction (ABR, 12) and lymphomatoid reactions (LR, 9) were immunostained for clusterin and evaluated for staining pattern and distribution. All diagnoses were made with clinicopathologic correlation.
Results:  Characteristic dot-like Golgi staining was identified in 10/20 LyP (50%), 4/6 PC-ALCL (67%) and 9/12 MF-LCT (75%). Two of 12 PLEVA (17%), 1 of 12 ABR (8%) and 2 of 8 LR (25%) had lymphocytes (< 25%) with diffuse cytoplasmic staining. Dermal dendritic cells stained strongly for clusterin. High background staining occurred in some cases.
Conclusion:  Clusterin immunostaining does not reliably distinguish between LyP, PC-ALCL or MF-LCT, but could distinguish LyP from its reactive histologic simulants.