Clinical pathology consultation improves coagulation factor utilization in hospitalized adults

Coagulation factor replacement can effectively treat or prevent most hemophilia complications, but it is expensive. Although published data describe how to achieve therapeutic goals through cost-effective selection and dosing of replacement products, criteria are not universally known or followed. A review of our institution's experience revealed overdosing of coagulation factors in the majority of patients treated during a 12-month period, at a cost that approached $700,000. Consequently, we established mandatory clinical pathology consultation before releasing such factors. In the subsequent 30 months, 32 adults received 64 courses of treatment. For patients with hemophilia A, the mean cost per admission was reduced by approximately 27% (total savings, $61,536). For patients with factor VIII inhibitor, there was an approximate 6% cost reduction (total savings, $47,292). The combined savings was $108,828. The mean plasma factor level achieved during the intervention period was 84% +/- 55% compared with 117% +/- 58% for the preintervention period (P = .008). Neither the number of treatment (factor transfusion) days nor the number of RBC transfusions changed significantly. Our data support that pathology consultation yields consistent and appropriate therapy and improves resource utilization.     

企业员工应激源的因素结构研究

目的 :该研究旨在确立企业员工应激源的因素结构。方法 :经过对 394 6名被试的探索性因素分析 ,提出企业员工应激源的 9因素结构。结果 :因素分别命名为职业发展、住房问题、工作特征、社会环境、人际关系、经济收入、子女问题、组织气氛和夫妻关系。结论 :企业员工应激源的 9因素结构获得了验证性因素分析的支持。     

Hybridization studies of cultured human pituitary prl and gh producing adenoma cells: Effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone,somatostatin, and phorbol ester

The effects of the hypothalamic hormones, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and somatostatin (SRIH), and of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on PRL and GH secretion and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were analyzed in 10 GH and/or PRL producing adenomas after culturing the tumor cells in the presence of these secretagogues for 7 days. The expression of chromogranin A and B mRNAs was also examined. All four of the clinically diagnosed GH adenomas expressed or secreted both GH and PRL while four of six clinically diagnosed prolactinomas produced or secreted both PRL and GH. Prolactinomas had less than 10% of tumor cells expressing chromogranin A mRNA while more than 40% of the adenoma cells expressed chromogranin B mRNA. TRH stimulated PRL secretion and increased PRL mRNA levels while SRIH decreased GH secretion and mRNA expression in some cases. Unexpectedly, PMA stimulated PRL mRNA levels four- to sevenfold above control levels in two adenomas and generally stimulated chromogranin A and B mRNA expression but not GH mRNA, as determined by Northern hybridization and in situ hybridization analyses. These results indicate that cultured prolactinoma cells express significantly more chromogranin B mRNA than chromogranin A mRNA, and that PMA increases PRL mRNA expression in some prolactinomas, although the effect of PMA on various adenomas reflects the heterogeneity of these tumors with respect to protein kinase C stimulation.     

采用纱球进行口腔护理的效果观察

目的探寻有效的口腔护理方法,取得更好的清洁口腔及洁牙效果。方法随机对53例有口腔护理适应症、意识清醒的患者,用纱球或棉球分别作左或右侧牙齿及口腔粘膜的清洁护理,并按同一标准进行效果评价。结果53例患者,以纱球擦洗侧,效果好的为42例,一般为11例,差为0例。以棉球擦洗侧,效果好为13例,效果一般为40例,差为0例,两组效果比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论以纱球作口腔护理的清洁效果明显优于棉球的清洁效果。     

Retroposed new genes out of the X in Drosophila

New genes that originated by various molecular mechanisms are an essential component in understanding the evolution of genetic systems. We investigated the pattern of origin of the genes created by retroposition in Drosophila. We surveyed the whole Drosophila melanogaster genome for such new retrogenes and experimentally analyzed their functionality and evolutionary process. These retrogenes, functional as revealed by the analysis of expression, substitution, and population genetics, show a surprisingly asymmetric pattern in their origin. There is a significant excess of retrogenes that originate from the X chromosome and retropose to autosomes; new genes retroposed from autosomes are scarce. Further, we found that most of these X-derived autosomal retrogenes had evolved a testis expression pattern. These observations may be explained by natural selection favoring those new retrogenes that moved to autosomes and avoided the spermatogenesis X inactivation, and suggest the important role of genome position for the origin of new genes.     

Nondetection of the S antigen due to the presence of sodium hypochlorite

Low concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (chlorine bleach) are known to destroy S antigen on intact fresh red blood cells (RBCs). Sodium hypochlorite is commonly used as a disinfectant. We report nondetection of the S antigen in tube and microplate saline indirect antiglobulin testing (SIAT) with a lot of commercial saline utilized in our donor screening and reference laboratories. Known S+s+ RBCs were found to be nonreactive with anti-S by SIAT in our reference laboratory. Our investigation demonstrated the presence of chlorine in the commercial saline. The saline lot was used for several days of donor screening and recall of FFP and platelet concentrates was initiated. Two lots of saline were recalled from blood banks across North America.     

股骨上端形态曲线的测量、参数化与统计分析

通过对84根完好的中国人成人股骨标本进行正位和侧位两个方向的X线摄影，得到股骨正、侧两方位的X光片。对X光片上股骨上端髓腔内侧形态进行描绘，将描绘好的图像输入计算机，由计算机进行图像预处理后提取其曲线形态数据，并将形态数据参数化，从而得到可比较的、能准确表现股骨形态的量化数据，为股骨形态的分类分析和系列型人工髋关节的参数设计打下基础。     

Inactivation of the pseudorabies virus by dithiothreitol

The virucidal nature of reduced dithiothreitol (DTT) for the pseudorabies (PR) virus (PRV) is presented. The rate of decay of PRV in DTT increased exponentially as the pH rose from 6.5 to 8. Effective virucidal concentrations of DTT decreased in concentration as the pH was elevated. The reaction rate was temperature dependent under mild alkaline conditions, being essentially nil at 0° and at 20°, but progressively more rapid from 30° to 41°. Electron micrographs indicated substantial disruption of the architecture of the DTT inactivated virions.